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词条 Eurasian Youth Union
释义

  1. Ideology

  2. Activities

  3. Bans

  4. Criticism

  5. References

{{use mdy dates|date=September 2017}}{{Infobox political party
|name=Eurasian Youth Union
|logo=Flag of the Eurasian Youth Union.svg
|logo_size=150px
|colorcode=Black
|foundation=26 February 2005
|headquarters=Moscow, Russia
|ideology=Eurasianism
National Bolshevism
Anti-Americanism
Fascism
|position=Third Position
|colors={{color box|black|border=darkgray}} Black
|website={{URL|rossia3.ru}}
}}

The Eurasian Youth Union ({{lang-ru|Евразийский союз молодёжи}}; ЕСМ) is a Russian traditionalist anti-European political organization,[1] the youth wing of the Eurasia Party headed by Aleksandr Dugin. The organization has branches in several countries. In 2011, the Government of Ukraine has branded the ECM as an extremist anti-Ukrainian organization, convicted of a string of vandalism offenses and banned it in Ukraine.[2]

Ideology

According to some observers, the ECM was created as a reaction to the Orange Revolution in Ukraine and the role the younger generation played in it. It is suggested that ECM represents an opposition to a Ukrainian youth organization PORA.[3]

The early-20th century Eurasianist ideology of a part of the Russian emigration and modern neo-Eurasianism developed by Aleksandr Dugin has been declared the main ideology of the organization.[4] Its ideology also features prominently Russian nationalism and imperialism, calls for the creation of a new Eurasian empire centered on Russia. On its website, the movement declared the West and in particular the United States as its main opponent and termed it as the "main evil": {{quote|Our Union has one absolute enemy. It is the USA. This is the beginning and the end of our hatred.[5]}}

In its internal policy, the ECM supports the current government of Russia and in particular its President Vladimir Putin. Some also claim that the movement receives taciturn support from the Russian government eager to see a movement opposed to a possibility of an Orange Revolution happening in Russia.[6]

Activities

In Russia, the ECM has allied itself with organizations like the National Bolshevik Front,[7] the Movement Against Illegal Immigration{{citation needed|date=January 2015}} and other groups of that type. It organizes and takes part in the annual Russian marches in Russia and other countries of Eastern Europe. Very often these marches are accompanied by violence, especially in Ukraine.[8]

After Ukraine's Orange Revolution in 2004, the ECM set up branches in several Ukrainian cities and voiced its sharp criticism of the pro-Western Ukrainian government. The ECM was responsible for a string of attacks on property and organizations they deemed pro-Western. It organised attacks on several Ukrainian Security Service branches, monuments to Ukrainan Insurgent Army veterans and hacker attacks on the website of the President of Ukraine. The most prominent of these attacks that received nationwide attention was the desecration of Ukrainian state symbols on Mount Hoverla in October 2007.[9][10] The other attack on Ukrainian targets was in Moscow, where several ECM members trashed an exhibition devoted to the Holodomor (1932–1933), a man-made famine that targeted Ukrainians.[11] Due to the relatively high profile of these attacks the Ukrainian police asked for assistance from Russia in finding people responsible for them, but no suspects have been apprehended yet.

The organization's vandalism and sharp anti-governmental stance received wide condemnation among Ukrainian media and provoked a response from different Ukrainian organizations of the opposite orientation. Several threats were made against the organization and its members and an arson attack was reciprocated on the ECM's offices in Moscow.

Bans

In 2011, a Ukrainian court banned the ECM and its leaders Dugin and Zarifullin were declared personae non grata.[12] In June 2015, Canada added the organization to its list of sanctioned entities.[13]

Criticism

The "Sova Center" in its classification classifies the ECM as the “ideological neighbors” of radical Russian nationalists.[14] At the same time, Eurasians claim[15] that the Sova Center cannot objectively evaluate the patriotic organizations of Russia, since it is funded from the United States.[16]

Some Russian[17][18] and Ukrainian[19][20] media outlets, the Association of Jewish Organizations and Communities of Ukraine,[21] Kharkiv Human Rights Group,[22] Galina Kozhevnikova[23] and Tatyana Stanovskaya[24] consider the ECM a radical organization.

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://lomonosov-fund.ru/enc/ru/encyclopedia:0126741 |script-title=ru:Общероссийское молодёжное общественное движение "Евразийский союз молодёжи"|trans-title=All-Russian Youth Public Movement "Eurasian Youth Union"|language=ru|publisher=Lomonosov-fund.ru|date=September 29, 2010 |accessdate=September 24, 2017}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tau.ac.il/Anti-Semitism/asw2005/poland.htm|title=Annual report on Antisemitism and Racism, Poland 2005|work=Tel Aviv University|date=2005|accessdate=July 4, 2008|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502185931/http://www.tau.ac.il/Anti-Semitism/asw2005/poland.htm|archivedate=May 2, 2008}}
3. ^{{cite news|last=Okara|first=Andrey|url=http://www.zn.ua/1000/1550/49482/|script-title=ru:Новая украинская опричнина, или Что общего между 'Порой', неоевразийцами, Иваном Грозным и Юлией Тимошенко?|trans-title=The new Ukrainian 'oprichnina', or What do 'Pora', Neo-Eurasians, Ivan the Terrible and Yulia Tymoshenko have in common?|language=ru|date=March 2005|website=Zerkalo Nedeli|location=Moscow|volume=9|issue=537|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194411/http://www.zn.ua/1000/1550/49482/|archivedate=September 27, 2007}}
4. ^{{cite web|last=Laruelle|first=Marlène|author-link=Marlene Laruelle|url=http://www.cacianalyst.org/?q=node/4928|title=Neo-Eurasianist Alexander Dugin on the Russia-Georgia Conflict|publisher=Central Asia-Caucasus Institute Analyst|date=September 3, 2008|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080912174620/http://www.cacianalyst.org/?q=node/4928|archivedate=September 12, 2008}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rossia3.ru/katehizis.html|script-title=ru:Катехизис члена Евразийского Союза Молодежи - Евразийство: Глобальный аспект: Наш враг|trans-title=The catechism of a member of the Eurasian Youth Union - Eurasianism: The global aspect: Our enemy|language=ru|publisher=Rossia3.ru|accessdate=September 24, 2017}}
6. ^{{cite news|last=Umland|first=Andreas|author-link=Andreas Umland|url=http://www.zn.ua/1000/1600/55389/|script-title=ru:'Неоевразийство', вопрос о русском фашизме и российский политический дискурс|trans-title='Neo-Eurasianism', the question of Russian fascism and Russian political discourse|language=ru|website=Zerkalo Nedeli|date=December 2006|volume=48|issue=627|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070706005109/http://www.zn.ua/1000/1600/55389/|archivedate=July 6, 2007}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://rossia3.ru/quotes/1243 |script-title=ru:НБФ станет нам дружественной и братской организацией |trans-title=The National Bolshevik Front will become our friendly and fraternal organization |language=ru |publisher=Rossia3.ru |date=August 31, 2006 |accessdate=September 24, 2017}}
8. ^{{cite web|last=Gorskiy|first=Yuriy|url=http://pzrk.ru/publication/145|script-title=ru:Русский Правый Марш -2005. Как это было на самом деле|trans-title=Russian Right Wing March - 2005. How it was in reality|language=ru|publisher=Pzrk.ru|date=October 30, 2007|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080501124106/http://pzrk.ru/publication/145|archivedate=May 1, 2008}}
9. ^{{cite news|url=http://novynar.com.ua/politics/10834|script-title=uk:Євразійський Союз Молоді знищив Герб України на вершині Говерли|trans-title=The Eurasian Youth Union destroyed the Ukrainian Coat of Arms on the peak of Hoverla|language=uk|website=Novynar|date=October 18, 2007|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071021032436/http://novynar.com.ua/politics/10834|archivedate=October 21, 2007}}
10. ^{{cite news|url=http://novynar.com.ua/politics/10949|script-title=uk:СБУ встановила людей, які знищили Герб на Говерлі (оновлено)|trans-title=The Security Service of Ukraine (SSU) has identified the people who destroyed the Coat of Arms on Hoverla (updated)|language=uk|website=Novynar|date=October 20, 2007|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022040150/http://novynar.com.ua/politics/10949|archivedate=October 22, 2007}}
11. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2007/11/17/66997.htm|script-title=uk:Після Говерли 'євразійці' розгромили виставку про Голодомор|trans-title=After Hoverla, 'Eurasians' smashed an exhibition on the Holodomor|language=uk|newspaper=Ukrainska Pravda|date=November 17, 2007|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080204231306/http://www.pravda.com.ua:80/news/2007/11/17/66997.htm|archivedate=February 4, 2008}}
12. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.liga.net/ua/news/politics/566684-sud_l_kv_duvav_vraz_yskiy_soyuz_molod.htm|script-title=uk:Суд ліквідував Євразійський союз молоді|trans-title=The court has liquidated the Eurasian Youth Union|language=uk|website=Liga.net|date=November 25, 2011|accessdate=September 24, 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073600/http://news.liga.net/ua/news/politics/566684-sud_l_kv_duvav_vraz_yskiy_soyuz_molod.htm|archivedate=March 4, 2016}}
13. ^{{cite news|url=http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2015/06/29/expanded-sanctions-list|title=Expanded Sanctions List|location=Ottawa, Ontario|publisher=pm.gc.ca|date=June 29, 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150820173127/http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2015/06/29/expanded-sanctions-list|archivedate=August 20, 2015|df=mdy}}
14. ^Центр «СОВА» выпустил справочник «Радикальный русский национализм: структуры, идеи, лица»
15. ^Сергей Бузунов Типа мудрые и бдительные // Информационно-аналитический портал «Евразия», 21.04.2008
16. ^National Endowment for Democracy
17. ^На Ющенко напали вирусы // Деловая газета «Взгляд», 29 октября 2007
18. ^Активисты радикальной организации «Евразийский союз молодёжи» взяли на себя ответственность за интернет-атаку официального сайта президента Украины Виктора Ющенко // Радиостанция «Эхо Москвы», 29 октября 2007
19. ^Киевлянка разрушила Тризуб на Говерле // Левый берег, 10 июня 2010
20. ^Вандалы разбили Герб Украины на Говерле — ТСН (телепередача), 7 июня 2010
21. ^Антисемитизм и ксенофобия в Украине: еженедельная хроника 1-7 мая // Ассоциация еврейских организаций и общин Украины
22. ^Temporary ban on Eurasian Youth Union // Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group
23. ^Галина Кожевникова Радикальный национализм в России и противодействие ему в 2007 году // Полит.ру, 1 февраля 2008 года
24. ^Российская молодёжь: угроза или ресурс? // Журнал «Индекс/Досье на цензуру», 23/2006
{{Russian nationalism}}{{2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine}}

13 : 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine|Anti-Ukrainian sentiment|Eurasianism|Imperialism|National Bolshevism|Organizations established in 2005|Political organisations in Ukraine|Political organizations in Russia|Russian irredentism|Russian nationalism in Ukraine|Russian nationalist organizations|Youth wings of political parties in Russia|Third Position
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