| 词条 | Inveraray |
| 释义 |
|gaelic_name = Inbhir Aora[1] |scots_name = Inverera[2] |official_name = Inveraray |static_image_name = TyInveraray20030829r25f32.jpg |static_image_caption = Inveraray |static_image_width = 200px |population = 603 |population_ref = (2010, estimated)[3] |unitary_scotland = Argyll and Bute |lieutenancy_scotland = Argyll and Bute |constituency_westminster = Argyll and Bute |constituency_scottish_parliament = Argyll and Bute |country = Scotland |sovereign_state = |coordinates = {{coord|56.230808|-5.0732468|region:GB_type:city|display=inline,title}} |os_grid_reference = NN 09600 08500 |map_type = |map_alt = Scotland |map_relief = yes |post_town = INVERARAY |postcode_area = PA |postcode_district = PA32 |dial_code = 01499 |edinburgh_distance_mi = 75[4] |london_distance_mi = 383[5] |website = |hide_services = yes }} Inveraray ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|ɪ|n|v|ə|ˈ|r|ɛər|i}} or {{IPAc-en|ˌ|ɪ|n|v|ə|ˈ|r|ɛər|ə}}; {{lang-gd|Inbhir Aora}}, {{IPA-gd|iɲɪɾʲˈɯːɾə|pron}}; "mouth of the Aray") is a town in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It is on the western shore of Loch Fyne, near its head, and on the A83 road. It is a former royal burgh, the traditional county town of Argyll, and ancestral home to the Duke of Argyll. During the Second World War, the Combined Operations Training Centre, located closed to the town, was an important military facility.[6] Coat of armsThe town's coat of arms depicts a net cast out over the ocean, entangled in which are five herrings and the Latin motto "SEMPER TIBI PENDEAT HALEC" (possible English translation: "may a herring always hang to thee").[7][8] Arthur Charles Fox-Davies, in his 1909 book A Complete Guide to Heraldry, notes the following: There is no doubt of its ancient usage. ...and the blazon of the coat, according to the form it is depicted upon the Corporate seal, would be for the field: "The sea proper, therein a net suspended from the dexter chief and the sinister fess points to the base; and entangled in its meshes five herrings," which is about the most remarkable coat of arms I have ever come across.[9] Inveraray Castle{{Main Article|Inveraray Castle}}In 1744 the third Duke of Argyll decided to demolish the existing castle and start from scratch with a new building. The castle was 40 years in construction, and the work was largely supervised by the Adam family, still renowned to this day as gifted architects and designers. The end product was not a castle in the traditional sense, but a classic Georgian mansion house on a grand scale, Inveraray Castle. Over the years the castle has played host to numerous luminaries; Queen Victoria visited it in 1874, and the Royal connection was further cemented when her daughter, Princess Louise, married the heir to the Campbell chieftainship, the Marquess of Lorne, in 1871,[10] illustrating the elevated position of the Argyll family in the social pecking order of the times. {{clear}}Rebuilding the townIn 1747 William Adam had drawn up plans for the creation of a new Inveraray. By 1770 little had been done, and the fifth Duke set about rebuilding the town in its present form. Some of the work on the rebuilt Inveraray was done by John Adam. The Inveraray Inn (formerly known as the New Inn, Great Inn, Argyll Arms Hotel and Argyll Hotel) on Front Street being his, as well as the Town House. Much of the rest of the town, including the church, was designed and built by the celebrated Edinburgh-born architect Robert Mylne (1733-1811) between 1772 and 1800.[11] The end product was an attractive town which included houses for estate workers, a woollen mill, and a pier to exploit herring fishing, which was to mushroom in later years to play a major role in the town's economy. The finished product is one of the best examples of an 18th-century new town in Scotland, and the vast majority of the properties in the centre of Inveraray are considered worthy of protection because of the town's architectural significance. {{clear}}Tourist attractionsIn addition to the castle, the Georgian Inveraray Jail in the burgh is now a museum. Other attractions include the Argyll Folk Museum at Auchindrain. The Celtic Inveraray Cross can also been seen in the town. The Clyde puffers VIC 72, Vital Spark. The Bell Tower dominates the town, and contains the second-heaviest ring of ten bells in the world.[12] The bell tower is open to the public, and the bells are rung regularly. In autumn 2014, PBS premiered a series, Great Estates of Scotland. Inveraray was featured in one episode, as was the present Duke of Argyll, head of the Campbell clan.[13] Gallery{{Gallery| title = Inveraray | width = 200 | height = 200 | lines = 4 | align = center | File:Inveraray, Scotland, UK (RLH).jpg|Inveraray, Scotland, Viewed from the B839 on the Eastern side of Loch Fyne, above St. Catherines | File:Inveraray Bridge - Loch Fyne.jpg|Inveraray Bridge on Loch Fyne from Inveraray. The spires of Inveraray Castle can just be seen on the left. The hill behind the bridge is Dun Corr Bhile. | File:Inveraray reflections (4941986874).jpg|Inveraray reflections (4941986874) | File:East Main Street - geograph.org.uk - 1122223.jpg|East Main Street - geograph.org.uk - 1122223 | File:Archway from Inveraray town - geograph.org.uk - 382209.jpg|Archway from Inveraray town - geograph.org.uk - 382209 | File:Inveraray - panoramio.jpg|Inveraray - panoramio }} References1. ^Ainmean-Àite'>na h-Alba ~ Gaelic Place-names of Scotland 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.scotslanguage.com/books/view/1/823/Names%20in%20Scots%20-%20Places%20in%20Scotland|title=Scotslanguage.com - Names in Scots - Places in Scotland|publisher=}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.argyll-bute.gov.uk/info/population-where-we-live|title=Population: Where We Live |access-date=2016-02-12|date=2011-03-24 }} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://ukdistance.com/search?from=Inveraray,+UK&to=Edinburgh,+UK&flat=56.2317854&flon=-5.075410199999965&tlat=55.953252&tlon=-3.188266999999996|title=Distance from Inveraray, UK to Edinburgh, UK or how far is Inveraray, UK from Edinburgh, UK?|language=en|access-date=2018-11-27}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://ukdistance.com/search?from=Inveraray,+UK&to=London,+UK&flat=56.2317854&flon=-5.075410199999965&tlat=51.5073509&tlon=-0.12775829999998223|title=Distance from Inveraray, UK to London, UK or how far is Inveraray, UK from London, UK?|language=en|access-date=2018-11-27}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.combinedops.com/Training%20No1%20CTC.htm |title=No. 1 Combined Training Centre, Inveraray |publisher=Combinedops.com |date= |accessdate=2017-02-01}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=INVERARAY|url=http://www.thereformation.info/travelscotland1.htm|website=thereformation.info|accessdate=7 October 2014}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Record: Miniature pig, with Inveraray coat of arms|url=http://nms.scran.ac.uk/database/record.php?usi=000-180-001-966-C|website=National Museums Scotland|accessdate=7 October 2014}} 9. ^{{cite book | last = Fox-Davies | first = Arthur | title = A Complete Guide to Heraldry | year = 1909 | publisher = Dodge | location = New York | page = 88}} 10. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/interiorsandshopping/8635073/Inveraray-Castle-home-to-the-Duke-of-Argyll.html |title=Inveraray Castle: home to the Duke of Argyll |date=14 July 2011 |publisher=The Daily Telegraph |author=Matthew Dennison}} 11. ^Ward, Robert (2007) The Man Who Buried Nelson: The Surprising Life of Robert Mylne. London: Tempus Publishing. {{ISBN|978-0-7524-3922-8}}. pp.101, 167 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://dove.cccbr.org.uk/dove.php? |title=Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers|accessdate=2009-07-28}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/program/great-estates-scotland/|title=Great Estates of Scotland, Inveraray|accessdate=1 March 2014}} External links{{Commons category|Inveraray}}{{wikivoyage|Inveraray}}{{oscoor gbx|NN 09600 08500}}
3 : Towns in Argyll and Bute|Highlands and Islands of Scotland|Former county towns in Scotland |
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