| 词条 | Exercise Swarmer |
| 释义 |
| name = Exercise Swarmer (Operation Swarmer) | partof = | image = | caption = | scope = | type = | location = Southeastern United States | map_coord = {{coord|35.14|-78.99}} | map_type = USA | map_size = | map_caption = | map_label = | planned = | planned_by = | objective = Training exercise | target = | date = April 24-May 8, 1950 | time = | time-begin = | time-end = | timezone = UTC-5 | executed_by = | outcome = | casualties = | fatalities = | injuries = }}Exercise Swarmer (also known as Operation Swarmer[1]) was a military exercise conducted in the spring of 1950 by the United States Air Force, United States Army and United States Navy in the southeastern part of the United States, headquartered at Fort Bragg in the state of North Carolina. Starting on April 24 and running through May 8,[2] the exercise was intended to apply lessons learned during the Berlin Airlift to battlefield logistics;[3] the exercise took place over ten days and involved over 60,000 personnel.[3] ScenarioThe scenario for Exercise Swarmer involved a mock invasion of the eastern coast of the United States, with defending forces counterattacking the 'enemy incursion' via a massive airlift behind enemy lines.[3] The counterattack involved establishing an airhead, involving over six hundred transport and fighter aircraft,[3] and airdrops of over 3900 paratroopers from the 82nd Airborne Division and the 11th Airborne Division.[4] ResultsAlthough the achievements of the airlift were initially considered disappointing as opposed to projections, by the time four days of the exercise had passed the results were considered to be "the biggest step forwards since World War II" by the Joint Chiefs of Staff.[5] However, the United States Air Force determined that existing transport aircraft were inadequate for the cargo needs of the Army,[6] General James Gavin calling for an increase in the supply of C-119 cargo aircraft.[7] Exercise Swarmer also saw the service introduction of the first Parachute Rigger Badge, used by the 11th Parachute Maintenance Company, although the badge would not become official until 1986.[8] References
1. ^Hagerman 1990, p. 247 2. ^MAC 1991, p. 73. 3. ^Newsweek, Volume 35, [https://books.google.com/books?id=hufjAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Exercise+Swarmer%22&dq=%22Exercise+Swarmer%22&hl=en&ei=HNLxTJCQCYKdlgf31JihDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CD4Q6AEwBg Issues 14-26]. 4. ^Hagerman 1997, p. 379. 5. ^1 2 3 Life, May 15, 1950, p. 42 6. ^New York Times, May 2, 1950 7. ^Woodring and Woodring 1997, p. 61. 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.qmmuseum.lee.army.mil/asoi_rigger_badge.html |title=Parachute Rigger Badge |year=2009 |work=Airborne & Special Operations Insignia |publisher=U.S. Army Quartermaster Museum |location=Fort Lee, VA |accessdate=2010-11-28}}
5 : Military exercises involving the United States|20th-century military history of the United States|Military logistics of the United States|1950 in the United States|1950 in military history |
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