| 词条 | Expedition 20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = ISS Expedition 20 | image = | image_caption = | insignia = ISS Expedition 20 Patch.svg | mission_type = ISS Expedition | mission_duration = 5 Months | orbits_completed = | crew_size = 8 | crew_members = Gennady Padalka* Michael Barratt* Koichi Wakata* (May–July) Timothy Kopra (July–August) Nicole Stott† (August–October) Frank De Winne† Roman Romanenko† Robert Thirsk† * – transferred from Expedition 19 † – transferred to Expedition 21 | crew_EVAs = 2 | crew_EVA_duration = 5 hours, 6 minutes | crew_photo = The ISS Expedition 20.jpg | crew_photo_caption = Front Row: Frank De Winne, Gennady Padalka, Roman Romanenko Back Row: Robert Thirsk, Michael Barratt, Nicole Stott, Timothy Kopra, Koichi Wakata | space_station = International Space Station | start_date = {{start-date|29 May 2009, 12:34|timezone=yes}} UTC[1] | end_date = {{end-date|11 October 2009}} | arrival_craft = Exp 19/20: Soyuz TMA-14 Exp 20/21: Soyuz TMA-15 Wakata: STS-119 {{OV|103}} Kopra: STS-127 {{OV|105}} Stott: STS-128 {{OV|103}} | departure_craft = Exp 19/20: Soyuz TMA-14 Exp 20/21: Soyuz TMA-15 Wakata: STS-127 {{OV|105}} Kopra: STS-128 {{OV|103}} Stott: STS-129 {{OV|104}} | previous_mission = Expedition 19 | next_mission = Expedition 21 | programme = ISS expeditions }}Expedition 20 was the 20th long-duration flight to the International Space Station. The expedition marked the first time a six-member crew inhabited the station. Because each Soyuz-TMA spacecraft could hold only three people, two separate launches were necessary: Soyuz TMA-14 launched on 26 March 2009, and Soyuz TMA-15 followed on 27 May 2009.[1] Soyuz TMA-15 launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome at 10:34 UTC on 27 May 2009.[1] The vehicle docked with the station on 29 May 2009, officially changing the Soyuz TMA-14 crew from Expedition 19 to Expedition 20.[2] Gennady Padalka was the first commander of a six-member station crew, and the first commander of two consecutive expeditions (Expedition 19 and 20). Nicole Stott was the final expedition astronaut to be launched on the shuttle. During the expedition, Koichi Wakata performed a special experiment wherein he did not change his underpants for one month, in order to test a specially-designed underwear without washing or changing; he reportedly did not develop body odor due to the effects of the special garment.[3] The station would not be permanently occupied by six crew members all year. For example, when the Expedition 20 crew (Roman Romanenko, Frank De Winne and Bob Thirsk) returned to Earth in November 2009, for a period of about two weeks only two crew members (Jeff Williams and Max Surayev) were aboard. This increased to five in early December, when Oleg Kotov, Timothy Creamer and Soichi Noguchi arrived on Soyuz TMA-17. It decreased to three when Williams and Surayev departed in March 2010, and finally returned to six in April 2010 with the arrival of Soyuz TMA-18, carrying Aleksandr Skvortsov, Mikhail Korniyenko and Tracy Caldwell Dyson.[4][5] Crew
Backup crew
Extra-vehicular activity
‡ denotes spacewalks performed from the Pirs docking compartment in Russian Orlan suits. On 3 July 2009 expedition members undocked the Soyuz TMA-14 craft from the aft port of the Zvezda service module and piloted it over to the Pirs docking compartment. This was done to clear the way for the arrival of a Progress supply craft.[11] See also
References{{Include-NASA}}1. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition20/launch.html|title=Expedition 20 Crew Launches from Baikonur|last=NASA HQ|date=24 May 2009|publisher=NASA|accessdate=4 June 2009}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition20/docking.html|title=Expedition 20 Crew Docks with Space Station|last=NASA HQ|date=29 May 2009|publisher=NASA|accessdate=4 June 2009}} 3. ^{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/8177743.stm |work=BBC News | title=Astronaut wore pants for a month | date=31 July 2009 | accessdate=2 May 2010}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=International Space Station Expeditions|publisher=NASA|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/index.html|date=10 April 2009|accessdate=13 April 2009}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html|title=International Space Station|accessdate=22 October 2008|publisher=NASA|year=2008|author=NASA}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2008/nov/HQ_08-306_Expedition_crews.html|title=NASA Assigns Space Station Crews, Updates Expedition Numbering |accessdate=21 November 2008|publisher=NASA|year=2008|author=NASA HQ}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/station/exp20/090605evaends.html|title=Successful spacewalk ends|last=William Harwood for CBS News|date=5 June 2009|publisher=Spaceflightnow.com|accessdate=5 June 2009}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/320539main_Expedition_19_20_Press_Kit.pdf|title=Expedition 20 Press Kit|author=NASA|date=March 2009|publisher=NASA|accessdate=4 June 2009|format=.pdf}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/356098main_korth_exp20_crew_location.jpg|title=Expedition 20 Spacewalk Briefing Materials|last=David Korth, Expedition 20 Spacewalk Flight Director |date=4 June 2009|publisher=NASA|accessdate=10 June 2009}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition20/eva23.html|title=Russian "Internal" Spacewalk Complete|date=10 June 2009|publisher=NASA|accessdate=6 July 2009}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://spacefellowship.com/2009/07/03/station-crew-completes-soyuz-move/|title=Station Crew Completes Soyuz Move|date=3 July 2009|publisher=spacefellowship.com|accessdate=6 July 2009}} External links{{commons category|ISS Expedition 20}}
2 : Expeditions to the International Space Station|2009 in spaceflight |
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