| 词条 | Iranian frigate Sabalan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Sabalan (in Persian سبلان) is a British-made Vosper Mark V-class (or {{sclass-|Alvand|frigate|0}}) frigate in the Iranian Navy. Commissioned in June 1972 as part of a four-ship order, the Sabalan was originally named IIS Rostam, after Rostam, a legendary hero in the Shahnameh, but was renamed after the Islamic revolution for Sabalan, the Iranian mountain. Service historyDuring the Iran–Iraq War, the warship became infamous for attacks against the crews of unarmed and often neutral tankers and other merchant ships. Before these attacks, Sabalan{{'}}s captain would often board the ships and pretend to carry out a friendly inspection, sometimes even dining with the ship's master. Then he would open fire on the ship, sometimes aiming at the ship's bridge and living spaces. Often, the captain would radio his victims "Have a nice day" as Sabalan departed. These actions earned the captain the nickname "Captain Nasty".[2] Following the spillover of the conflict onto the Persian Gulf, the United States deployed warships in 1987 and 1988 to protect reflagged Kuwaiti shipping in the Persian Gulf. During the convoy operations, dubbed Operation Earnest Will, an Iranian mine severely damaged a U.S. frigate. U.S. forces mounted a one-day retaliation called Operation Praying Mantis. The operation's objectives were to destroy two Iranian oil platforms used for drilling and attack coordination and one unspecified Iranian warship. On the morning of April 18, 1988, the oil platforms were knocked out. The U.S. forces then turned to look for Iranian frigates in the Strait of Hormuz, which joins the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf. Sabalan{{'}}s sister frigate {{ship|Iranian frigate|Sahand||2}} was identified by aircraft from the aircraft carrier {{USS|Enterprise|CVN-65|6}} and drawn into a fatal engagement. Another group of A-6 Intruders was sent to the reported location of Sabalan in the strait, where, the frigate fired at the A-6s at 6.17 p.m. (Gulf time). At 6.18 p.m., an A-6 dropped a Mk-82 500 pound laser-guided bomb, which left Sabalan paralyzed and on fire. At the Pentagon, Defense Secretary Frank Carlucci, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs Adm. William J. Crowe Jr., and U.S. Central Command head Gen. George B. Crist monitored the situation. After discussion, the men decided to spare the moribund Sabalan, perhaps to prevent further escalation. Iranian forces towed the damaged ship to the port of Bandar Abbas, and it was eventually repaired and returned to service.[3] In January 2014 Sabalan and {{ship|Iranian ship|Kharg||2}}, a supply ship capable of carrying helicopters, set off from Bandar Abbas, on a reported three-month mission to the United States maritime borders. The mission was described by an Iranian admiral as a response to the ongoing presence of the United States Fifth Fleet, which is based in Bahrain, across the Persian Gulf.[4] However, the trip to the Atlantic Ocean never happened and was called off in April 2014.[5] Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 {{csr|register=MSI|id=6126628|shipname=Rostam |accessdate=9 December 2009 }} 2. ^Lee Wise, Harold: Inside the Danger Zone: The U.S. Military in the Persian Gulf, 1987-1988 3. ^L. Symonds, Craig: Decision at Sea: Five Naval Battles That Shaped American History 4. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/02/11/sinking-feeling-iranian-navy-sends-message-with-us-bound-rust-buckets |title=Sinking feeling: Iranian Navy sends message with US-bound 'rust buckets'|work=Fox News |date=11 February 2014 |first= Joshua |last= Rhett Miller |accessdate=2014-02-12}} 5. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/13/iran-us-warships-atlantic-diplomat-border |title= Iran cancels plan to have warships approach US borders in Atlantic |newspaper= The Guardian |date= April 13, 2014 |quote= Group-29, which consists of the Sabalan destroyer, Khark logistics carrier and two helicopters … will not go to the Atlantic Ocean and will return home within days.}} References
External links
6 : Alvand-class frigates|Ships built on the River Tyne|Ships built in Barrow-in-Furness|1969 ships|Active frigates of Iran|Vickers |
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