| 词条 | Fairchild 71 | |||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Fairchild 71 was an American high-wing monoplane passenger and cargo aircraft built by Fairchild Aircraft and later built in Canada by Fairchild Aircraft Ltd. (Canada) for both military and civilian use as a rugged bush plane. Design and developmentThe Fairchild Aircraft Company undertook a progressive development of the Fairchild FC-2W2 light transport. Its first improvement was the FC-2, whose several improvements included slightly swept-back wings; wingspan increased to 50 feet; engine power nearly doubled; and interior changes to improve passenger comfort. The FC-2 first flew in 1926. The FC-2W was a further development, featuring:
The FC-2 and FC-2W continued the use of fabric-covered welded steel tubing for fuselage and empennage construction, and strut-braced wooden-structure fabric-covered wings. The FC-2W, later known as the Model 71, was built in the United States between 1928 and 1930. In 1929 Fairchild formed a company in Canada (Fairchild Aircraft Limited) at Longueuil, Quebec in 1929 to support the Canadian operators of Fairchild aircraft. The Canadian company also set up a factory production line for the Model 71, developing a variant for the Canadian military. The Canadian-built aircraft differed from the US version in that all the passenger-comfort features were removed, and the craft were built specifically for aerial photography.[1] Operational historyThe United States Army Air Service acquired one Model 71 for evaluation; it was designated XC-8, later redesignated XF-8 and used for photographic work. Eight more service-test aircraft, designated YF-1 were ordered; all nine were later redesignated C-8. The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), another major military operator, evaluated the Fairchild 71 in mid-June 1930. Thirty four RCAF FC-71s were operated from 1930 to 1946. Along with the earlier FC-2 series, the RCAF FC-71 was utilized primarily in the aerial photographic survey role as well as northern transport. In November 1934, the RCAF transferred the FC-71s to the five detachments flying in the amalgamated Maritimes No. 5 (Flying Boat) Squadron at RCAF Station Dartmouth. The squadron flew the FC-71 extensively on anti-smuggling (rum running) and illegal immigration patrols for the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP).[1] Most of the Model 71 production ended up in the hands of bush plane operators in Canada and the United States. Civilian operators likewise found the 71 a rugged, reliable and highly useful utility transport, well suited for northern and remote operations. Variants
Initial production variant
Production variant with increased sweep on wings and improved interior
Canadian-built version
Canadian-built version with metal-skinned fuselage
Floatplane version with new fuselage and greater wingspan
Canadian-built version with wings of Model 51 and fuselage of Model 71 United States military designations
One prototype Fairchild 71, later redesignated XF-1 when modified for photo survey.
Eight service-test aircraft
YF-1 redesignated
F-1A redesignated
XC-8 redesignated for photo-survey
Eight Fairchild 71 aircraft for evaluation with provision for seven passenger seats, later redesignated C-8A.
Production aircraft (Fairchild 71A), six built later redesignated C-8A.
One Fairchild 71 for evaluation by the United States Navy, redesignated XR2Q-1. OperatorsCivilian Operators
Military operators
Specifications (Model 71C){{aerospecs|ref=Canadian Aircraft Since 1909[4] |met or eng?=eng |crew=one |capacity=eight |length m=10.93 |length ft=35 |length in=10.25 |span m=15.39 |span ft=50 |span in=0 |height m=2.84 |height ft=9 |height in=4 |wing area sqm=28.76 |wing area sqft=309.6 |empty weight kg=1,438 |empty weight lb=3,168 |gross weight kg=2,724 |gross weight lb=6,000 |eng1 number=1 |eng1 type=Pratt & Whitney Wasp B/C 9-cylinder radial piston |eng1 kw= |eng1 hp=420 |max speed kmh=212.4 |max speed mph=132 |cruise speed kmh=170.5 |cruise speed mph=106 |range km=1,314 |range miles=817 |endurance h= |endurance min= |ceiling m=3,353 |ceiling ft=11,000 |climb rate ms=3 |climb rate ftmin=600 }} See also{{aircontent|related=
|similar aircraft= |sequence= |lists=
|see also= }} ReferencesCitations1. ^1 Shearwater Aviation Museum: Aircraft History: Fairchild 71 2. ^Clifford Ball Inc., 1929/30 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite magazine |title=Pan Am Pioneer |first=Jay |last=Selman |magazine=Aeroplane |issue=February 2015 |pages=32–37 |publisher=Key Publishing |location=Stamford |issn=0143-7240}} 4. ^Molson and Taylor 1982, p. 314. Bibliography{{refbegin}}
External links{{commons category|Fairchild 71}}
5 : United States civil utility aircraft 1920–1929|Fairchild aircraft|High-wing aircraft|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1926 |
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