| 词条 | Fakelaki |
| 释义 |
DynamicsThe Greek term "fakelaki" is close to the notion of tip in meaning, but at the same time it may refer to specific tariffs demanded by government officials in order to bypass procedure.[3] As of mid-2011, one in four employed Greeks worked for the government.[3] Fakelaki is also connected to a work-culture that perceives the various documents issued by authorities (for example a driving license) as "papers" you need to pay a price in order "to buy".[3] Fakelaki is illegal, but its continuing presence in Greek life remains a problem.[3] Extent of fakelakiTransparency International, an independent corruption monitoring NGO, found that 13% of Greeks paid fakelaki (bribery in the form of envelopes with cash donations) in 2009, which was estimated to account for €787 million in yearly corruption payments.[4] At the same time it was estimated that roughly €1 billion was paid by companies in bribes to public institutions for avoiding bureaucratic rules or to get other benefits.[5]When calculating all sorts of corruption in Greece, the total amount is estimated to be roughly €3.5 billion per year (equal to 1.75% of the Greek GDP). Compared with corruption levels measured by Transparency International for 160 other countries, Greece ranked at 49th in 2004, was down at 57th in 2008, and slumped to 71st place in 2009.[5] The government elected in October 2009 had on its agenda to increase the fight against fakelaki and other forms of corruption.[4] In 2012 the website [https://www.edosafakelaki.org/ edosafakelaki] (I Paid a Bribe in Greek) was created for Greek citizens to anonymously report the payment of fakelaki. The site received over 1,000 reports in its first month of operation.[6] The website was created after its founder, Kristina Tremonti, was forced to pay a fakelaki on behalf of her 90-year-old grandfather, a war veteran with terminal cancer, who was left waiting for hours in the emergency room of a public hospital.[7] See also
References1. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thenation.com/article/162177/whats-wrong-and-right-about-greece/|title=What's Wrong—and Right—With Greece|work=The Nation|accessdate=20 July 2011}} 2. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.innovationsinnewspapers.com/index.php/2010/02/25/watchdog-journalism-greece-fakelaki-and-the-world-bank/ |title=Watchdog Journalism, Greece, "Fakelaki", and the World Bank |work=What's Next: Innovations in Newspapers blog |accessdate=15 March 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100302204429/http://www.innovationsinnewspapers.com/index.php/2010/02/25/watchdog-journalism-greece-fakelaki-and-the-world-bank/ |archivedate=2 March 2010 |df=dmy }} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/greeces-political-dynasties-the-reason-for-the-crises-2011-7/|title=The Political Dynasties That Destroyed Greece, And The Real Reason The Country Is Such A Mess|work=Business Insider|accessdate=22 July 2011}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|title=Griechenland: Abkehr von den Fakelaki|url=http://www.zeit.de/wirtschaft/2010-05/griechenland-korruption-schwarzarbeit?page=all |publisher=zeit.de|date=6 May 2010}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|title=Jede Menge Fakelaki in Griechenland |url=http://derstandard.at/1265851940139/Schmiergeld-Jede-Menge-Fakelaki-in-Griechenland |publisher=Der Standard| date=11 February 2010}} 6. ^[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-20874650 BBC News] 7. ^[https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/nov/13/greek-people-system-bribery Greek bribery system] The Guardian, November 2012 External links
3 : Corruption in Greece|Economy of Greece|Informal economy |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。