| 词条 | Irish coffee |
| 释义 |
| iba = yes | source = | sourcelink = irish-coffee | name = Irish Coffee | image = Irish coffee glass.jpg | caption = Traditional Irish coffee | type = Cocktail | flaming = | irishw = yes | served = Hot | garnish = | drinkware = coffee | ingredients = *4 cl (2 parts) Irish whiskey
| prep = Heat the coffee, whiskey and sugar; do not boil. Pour into glass and top with cream; serve hot. | notes = | footnotes =}} Irish coffee ({{lang-ga|caife Gaelach}}) is a cocktail consisting of hot coffee, Irish whiskey, and sugar, stirred, and topped with cream. The coffee is drunk through the cream. Originally straight cream was used; today whipped cream is most common. OriginDifferent variations of coffee cocktails pre-date the now-classic Irish coffee by at least 100 years. From the mid 19th century, the Pharisäer and the Fiaker were served in Viennese coffee houses; both were coffee cocktails served in glass, topped with whipped cream. The former was also known in northern Germany and Denmark around that time. Around 1900, the coffee cocktail menu in the Viennese cafés also included Kaisermelange, Maria Theresia, Biedermeier-Kaffee and a handful of other variations on the theme.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} In 19th-century France, a mixture of coffee and spirits was called a gloria.
Several places claim to have developed the modern recipe in the 1950s. One version is attributed to a Joe Sheridan, head chef at the restaurant and coffee shop in the Foynes Airbase[1][2] Flying boat terminal building, County Limerick.[3] In 1942 or 1943[4] [5] he added whiskey to the coffee of some disembarking passengers.[6][3][7] Stanton Delaplane, a travel writer for the San Francisco Chronicle, maintains he brought Irish coffee to the United States after drinking it at Shannon Airport. His version is that he worked with the Buena Vista Cafe in San Francisco to start serving it on November 10, 1952.,[8][9][10] Sheridan later emigrated to work at the Buena Vista Cafe.[11]PreparationIrish whiskey and at least one level teaspoon of sugar are poured over black coffee and stirred in until fully dissolved.[12] Thick cream is carefully poured over the back of a spoon initially held just above the surface of the coffee and gradually raised a little until the entire layer is floated.[13]VariationsIn 1988, the National Standards Authority of Ireland published Irish Standard I.S. 417: Irish Coffee.{{Refn | group = lower-alpha | The standard can be obtained from Standards IE.[14]}} Although whiskey, coffee and cream are the basic ingredients in all Irish coffee, there are variations in preparation: the choice of coffee and the methods used for brewing it differ significantly. The use of espresso machines or fully automatic coffee brewers is now typical: the coffee is either a caffè americano (espresso diluted with hot water) or some kind of filter coffee, often made using a coffee capsule. The cream used in some bars to make what is sold as "Irish coffee" is sometimes sprayed from a can. Some bartenders gently shake fresh cream to achieve a smooth layer on top of the coffee.{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}} In Spain, Irish coffee (café irlandés) is sometimes served with a bottom layer of whiskey, a separate coffee layer, and a layer of cream on top;[15] special devices are sold for making it. Some bars in Southeast Asia serve a cocktail of iced coffee and whiskey, sometimes without cream, under the name "Irish coffee". Many drinks of hot coffee with a distilled spirit, and cream floated on top—liqueur coffees—are given names derived from Irish coffee, although the names are not standardised. Irish cream coffee (also known as Bailey's coffee) can be considered a variant of Irish coffee, but involves the use of Irish cream as a "pre-mixed" substitute for the whisky, cream and sugar. Jamaican coffee would be expected to be made with rum; Highland coffee, also called Gaelic coffee, with Scotch whisky; and so on. See also{{portal|Ireland|Coffee|Drinks}}
Notes1. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gF0TDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT93&lpg=PT93&dq=Airbase|title=Little Book of Tyrone|first=Cathal|last=Coyle|date=1 December 2014|publisher=The History Press|via=Google Books}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.skynet.ie/~dan/war/foynes.htm|title=The War Room - Foynes Flying Boat Base|website=www.skynet.ie}} 3. ^1 {{Citation | url = http://flyingboatmuseum.com/irishcoffee.html | publisher = Foynes Flying Boat Museum | title = Our Irish Coffee Heritage | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110122040624/http://flyingboatmuseum.com/irishcoffee.html | archivedate = 2011-01-22 | df = }}. 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qpDO0iGiyegC&pg=PA46&lpg=PA46&dq=Sheridan|title=Boozy Brunch: The Quintessential Guide to Daytime Drinking|first=Peter|last=Joseph|date=12 January 2018|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|via=Google Books}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030215092733/http://www.irishcoffeefestival.com:80/history_coffee.html|title=Irish Coffee Festival|date=15 February 2003|publisher=}} 6. ^{{Citation | url = http://www.europeancuisines.com/Irish-Coffee | title = European Cuisines | contribution = Irish Coffee}}. 7. ^{{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112013911/https://www.flyingboatmuseum.com/irish-coffee-center/ |title=Foynes Irish Coffee Centre |website=Foynes Flying Boat & Maritime Museum|access-date=2018-01-12}} 8. ^{{Cite news | last = Nolte | first = Carl | title = San Francisco: Coffee, cream, sugar and — Irish whiskey... but Buena Vista changed brands | newspaper = San Francisco Chronicle | publisher = SF Gate | date = November 22, 2006 | accessdate = 2007-07-09 | url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/11/22/BAGM1MI1FP1.DTL}} 9. ^{{Cite news | last = Nolte | first = Carl | title = The man who brought Irish coffee to America | newspaper = San Francisco Chronicle | publisher = SF Gate | date = November 9, 2008 | url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/11/08/BAMB140VVQ.DTL}} 10. ^{{Cite news | last = King | first = John | title = SF bar celebrates 56 years of Irish coffee | newspaper = San Francisco Chronicle | publisher = SF Gate | date = November 9, 2008 | url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/11/09/BAUR1411MT.DTL}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516164830/http://flyingboatmuseum.com/irishcoffee_chef.html|title=Foynes Flying Boat Museum|date=16 May 2011|publisher=}} 12. ^{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Joe Sheridan's Original Irish Coffee Recipe | work = | publisher = CoffeeCakes.com | date = | url = http://www.coffeecakes.com/joe-sheridans-irish-coffee.html | doi = | accessdate = 2007-07-09}} The sugar is essential for floating liquid cream on top 13. ^{{cite web | title = Traditional Irish Coffee Recipe | publisher = Good food Ireland | url = http://www.goodfoodireland.ie/index.cfm/section/Recipes/key/113 | accessdate = 2009-12-08}} 14. ^{{Citation | url = http://www.standards.ie/ | title = Standards | place = IE}}. 15. ^{{Citation | url = http://www.gastronomiavasca.net/recipes/recipe?id=107 | title = Gastronomia vasca | contribution = Recipes | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20031004021838/http://www.gastronomiavasca.net/recipes/recipe?id=107 | archivedate = 2003-10-04 | df = }}. References{{Reflist |40em}}External links{{wikibooks |Bartending|Cocktails/Irish Coffee|Irish Coffee}}
3 : Alcoholic coffee drinks|Cocktails with whisky|Irish alcoholic drinks |
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