“Irrigation in Saudi Arabia”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Center pivot irrigation in Saudi Arabia is typical of many isolated irrigation projects scattered throughout the arid and hyper-arid regions of the Earth. Nonrenewable Fossil water is mined from depths as great as 1 km (3,000 ft), pumped to the surface, and distributed via large centre pivot irrigation feeds. The circles of green irrigated vegetation may comprise a variety of agricultural commodities from alfalfa to wheat. Diameters of the normally circular fields range from a few hundred metres to as much as {{convert|3|km|mi|abbr=on}}.

The projects often trace out a narrow, sinuous, and seemingly random path. Actually, engineers generally seek ancient river channels now buried by the sand seas. The fossil waters mined in these projects accumulated during periods of wetter climate in the Pleistocene glacial epochs, between 10,000 and 2 million years ago, and are not being replenished under current climatic conditions. The projects, therefore, will have limited production as the reservoirs are drained. Water is the key to agriculture in Saudi Arabia. The Kingdom has implemented a multifaceted program to provide the vast supplies of water necessary to achieve the spectacular growth of the agricultural sector.

A network of dams has been built to trap and utilize precious seasonal floods. Vast underground water reservoirs have been tapped through deep wells. Desalination plants have been built to produce fresh water from the sea for urban and industrial use, thereby freeing other sources for agriculture. Facilities have also been put into place to treat urban and industrial run-off for agricultural irrigation. These efforts collectively have helped transform vast tracts of the desert into fertile farmland. Land under cultivation has grown from under {{convert|400,000|acre|km2}} in 1976 to more than 8 million acres (32,000 km²) in 1993.

Saudi Arabia is suffering from a major depletion of the water in its underground aquifers and a resultant break down and disintegration of its agriculture as a consequence.^[1]^[2] As a result of the catastrophe, Saudi Arabia has bought agricultural land in the United States,^[3]^[4]^[5] Argentina,^[6] and Africa.^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11] Saudi Arabia ranked as a major buyer of agricultural land in foreign countries.^[12]^[13]

See also

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.revealnews.org/article/what-california-can-learn-from-saudi-arabias-water-mystery/|title=What California can learn from Saudi Arabia’s water mystery|date=22 April 2015|publisher=|accessdate=26 March 2019}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/freshwater/saudi-arabia-water-use/|title=Saudi Arabia's Great Thirst|date=10 January 2017|website=National Geographic|accessdate=26 March 2019}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eAE2QEaF3A0|title=Saudi Farmers Buy Up US Land After Drying Out Theirs|first=|last=RYOT|date=9 November 2015|publisher=|accessdate=26 March 2019|via=YouTube}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/en/business/property/2014/03/09/Saudi-dairy-giant-Almarai-buys-agricultural-land-in-USA-.html|title=Saudi dairy giant Almarai buys agricultural land in USA|website=english.alarabiya.net|accessdate=26 March 2019}}
5. ^http://farmfutures.com/story-foreign-buyers-cold-reception-0-130036{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/food/story/2011-12-25/argentina-farmland-saudi-arabia/52142448/1|title=Saudi firm buys farmland in Argentina to secure animal feed|website=USATODAY.COM|accessdate=26 March 2019}}
7. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/international/2009/05/21/outsourcings-third-wave|title=Outsourcing's third wave|date=21 May 2009|publisher=|accessdate=26 March 2019|via=The Economist}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2009/07/15/why-is-saudi-arabia-buying-up-african-farmland/|title=Why is Saudi Arabia buying up African farmland?|first=Michael|last=Wilkerson|publisher=|accessdate=26 March 2019}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.mintpressnews.com/MyMPN/attack-land-grabbers-land-grabs-beyond-africa/|title=Attack Of The Land-grabbers: Land Grabs Beyond Africa|website=www.mintpressnews.com|accessdate=26 March 2019}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://greenprophet.com/2012/06/africa-land-grab-middle-east/|title=African Land Grab Continues – Middle East Is Major Buyer|first=Arwa|last=Aburawa|website=Green Prophet|accessdate=26 March 2019}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2015/05/21/rich-countries-are-buying-up-farmland-from-poorer-ones-around-the-world/ |title=An incredible image shows how powerful countries are buying up much of the world’s land |publisher=The Washington Post |date=2015-05-21 |accessdate=2019-03-26}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/transnational-land-deals-india-china-2012-5|title=These 14 Countries Are Buying Incredible Amounts Of Foreign Land In Deals You Never Hear About|first=Sanya|last=Khetani|website=Business Insider|accessdate=26 March 2019}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-china-foreign-farmland-20140329-story.html|title=China looks abroad for greener pastures|first=By Barbara|last=Demick|website=latimes.com|accessdate=26 March 2019}}