| 词条 | Federal Reserve Unit |
| 释义 |
|unit_name=Federal Reserve Unit |native_name=Pasukan Simpanan Persekutuan |image=FRU Johor 005.jpg |image_size=250px |caption=FRU 3rd group arms with Czech-made CZ 527 bolt actions rifles without ammo during the anti-riot drill. |dates={{start date and age|1955|12|5|df=y}} |country={{flagicon|United Kingdom}} British Malaya (1955–1960) {{flag|Malaysia}} (1960–present) |branch= Royal Malaysia Police |command_structure= Directly under control of the Royal Malaysia Police and the Ministry of Home Affairs |type=Paramilitary police |role=Riot control |size=10 detachments |current_commander= |garrison= Main Police Headquarters, Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur |ceremonial_chief= |ceremonial_chief_label= |colonel_of_the_regiment_label=Colonel-Commandant |nickname=FRU |colors={{legend2|#FF0000|Red beret|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} |colors_label=Colour of Beret |march= |mascot= |battles=
|notable_commanders= |anniversaries=
}} The Federal Reserve Unit ({{lang-ms|Pasukan Simpanan Persekutuan; PSP}}), or better known by the abbreviation as FRU was established as a riot control force and a special response team as well as a paramilitary that can be deployed at any time to engage in any emergency or public unrest in Malaysia. HistoryThe team was established before Malaysia achieved independence on 31 August 1957. Starting with three troops, FRU has successfully overcome the problems of public order such as strikes and riots that happened in the early years of the 1950s. From 1990 onwards, FRU also played an important role in handling organised riot that have sparked from the arrest of Anwar Ibrahim. FRU also played role in controlling football riots. RolesThe main role of this unit is to disperse illegal assembly, riot suppression and to carry out other functions relating to Public Order. The unit is self-contained and capable, highly mobile and become Public Order Reserve Units. When this unit is not involved in Public Order duties, it can be assigned by the Commanding Officer to assist the Chief of Police, State police, Criminal Investigation Division and Special Branch in general or special tasks which include:
As its role became more important, this team was augmented to 7 units, with a total membership in 2003 of 2,481 people. Beside that FRU has also a water cannon unit, horseback unit and training institution at Sungai Senam, Ipoh, Perak. In line with current needs and law claim, a woman special detachment have been spawned and this detachment is based in Jalan Semarak, Kuala Lumpur. It has since been moved to its own base located in Cheras. FRU's performance is known globally. This was evident when the United Nations (U.N.) applied to PDRM to house a riot guard force under U.N. flags in Timor Leste. The team was assigned to control riot and tranquility in a country which just became independent. OrganisationsEach FRU base has a wing headquarters composed of three troops, A, B and C. Each troop consists of two baton sections, an armed section (rifles, tear gas and grenades), and a guard vehicle section. Specific vocations within them include drivers, photographers, translators, marksmen,signal operators and diary recorders. Apart from that this team also perform crime prevention to help remote district police chief efforts in reducing crime rates. By that FRU have pointed out success could not be disputed more when entrust to royal pennant parade in the line of honour guard duties.
Deployed in advance from the main FRU unit, this unit is armed with riot shields and helmets. It is designed and trained to handle small crowds. If the crowd gets larger and uncontrollable, the FRU will be called in to assist.
Its members are taken from RMP General Operations Force (Malay: Pasukan Gerakan Am; PGA), it is deployed in states or regions which do not have any FRU bases. DelegationCertain FRU divisions are under the command of the inspector-general of police (IGP) and require prior approval from the IGP to be deployed. BasesThe Federal Reserve Unit bases are located in densely populated areas in the country.
Recent operations
References1. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,900859,00.html |title=Race War in Malaysia|publisher=Time|date=23 May 1969}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Islamic Radicalism in Malaysia: the Middle East connection) |work=YUSOFF KAMARUZAMAN |url=http://www.dur.ac.uk/eurames.brismes/EURAMES_abstracts.pdf |accessdate=14 August 2006 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060814222002/http://www.dur.ac.uk/eurames.brismes/EURAMES_abstracts.pdf |archivedate=14 August 2006 }} 3. ^{{cite journal | title = 9/11 changed Hu's view of ISA| work = Chow, Kum Hor }} 4. ^[https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSSP165982 Malaysia police use water cannon at Anwar rally] 5. ^Teargas used on rare Malaysia demo 6. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20080508003436/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2007/11/11/nation/19443759&sec=nation Teargas and water cannons used on illegal assembly, 245 held] 7. ^Updates: Total number of arrests 34 – all released by 11pm; several more injured. Suaram. Retrieved 11 November 2007. 8. ^POLICE ATTEMPTS TO SABOTAGE HINDRAF FORUM IN SEMENYIH ON 6.10.2007 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212131659/http://www.bangkit.net/2007/10/09/police-attempts-to-sabotage-hindraf-forum-in-semenyih-on-6102007/ |date=12 February 2009 }} 9. ^{{cite web|title=BUKIT ANTARABANGSA TRAGEDY: Temporary halt to search-and-rescue ops |work=BERNAMA |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Sunday/Frontpage/20081207094216/Article/index_html |accessdate=7 December 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207232137/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Sunday/Frontpage/20081207094216/Article/index_html |archivedate=7 December 2008 }} 10. ^http://wannordinwanyaacob.blogspot.com/2009/02/tujuh-ditahan-di-hadapan-majsjid.html 11. ^https://m.malaysiakini.com/news/171564 12. ^https://m.malaysiakini.com/news/196320 13. ^https://www.hmetro.com.my/node/51398 14. ^https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/5-things-about-malaysias-red-shirt-rally 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nst.com.my/sports/football/2017/08/273835/fans-turned-violent-sea-games-football-final-tickets-sold-out|title=Fans turned violent as Sea Games football final tickets sold out|author1=Beatrice Nita Jay|author2=Faliq Lajim|author3=Izzudin Aznan|publisher=New Straits Times|date=28 August 2017|accessdate=29 August 2017}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/sport/sea-games-tempers-flare-at-shah-alam-stadium-as-thousands-miss-9164944|title=SEA Games: Tempers flare at Shah Alam Stadium as thousands miss out on football final tickets|publisher=Channel NewsAsia|date=28 August 2017|accessdate=29 August 2017}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/malaysia-election-riot-police-ayer-hitam-results-centre-ge14-10218472|title=Riot police called in at Ayer Hitam results centre|date=9 May 2018}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.thesundaily.my/local/1-400-fru-personnel-and-traffic-cops-to-be-stationed-at-usj-25-temple-grounds-tonight-KD173851|title=1,400 FRU personnel and traffic cops to be stationed at USJ 25 temple grounds tonight|date=27 November 2018}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2018/12/10/fans-in-a-roaring-mood-to-watch-game-80000-malaysiavietnam-match-tickets-snapped-up/|title=Fans in a roaring mood to watch game|date=10 December 2018}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/bahasa/2018/12/18/polis-berkawal-di-kuil-seafield-one-city-selepas-kematian-adib/|title=Polis berkawal di kuil Seafield, One City selepas kematian Adib|date=18 December 2018}} External links{{Commons category|Federal Reserve Unit}}
8 : Law enforcement units|Law enforcement in Malaysia|Organizations established in 1955|1955 establishments in Malaya|Royal Malaysia Police|Riots|Paramilitary organisations based in Malaysia|Government paramilitary forces |
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