“Ferret-class destroyer”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Ferret-class destroyer

释义

Background
Orders
Design
References
See also

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2016}}{{Use British English|date=December 2016}}{{Infobox ship image

Ship image=

Ship caption=HMS Ferret
}}{{Infobox ship class overview

Builders=Cammell Laird

UK}}

Havock|destroyer}}

Ardent|destroyer}}

Subclasses=

Built range=1893–1894

In commission range=1893–1912

Total ships building=

Total ships planned=

Total ships completed=2

Total ships cancelled=

Total ships active=

Total ships laid up=

Total ships lost=

Total ships retired=

Total ships scrapped=2

Total ships preserved=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics

Hide header=

Header caption=

Ship type=Torpedo boat destroyer

280|LT|t|0|lk=in|abbr=on}}

199|ft|m|abbr=on}}

Ship beam=

Ship draught=

Ship propulsion=

Ship speed=

Ship range=

Ship complement=53

Ship sensors=

Ship EW=

Ship armament=*1 × 12 pounder gun

2 × torpedo tubes

Ship armour=

Ship notes=
}}

Two Ferret-class destroyers served with the Royal Navy. {{HMS|Ferret|1893|2}} and {{HMS|Lynx|1894|2}} were built by Laird, displaced 280 tons and were {{convert|199|ft|m}} in length. They were armed with one 12-pounder gun and two bow torpedo tubes. They carried a complement of 53.

Background

The invention of the self-propelled torpedo by Robert Whitehead and Austrian Navy Captain Giovanni Luppis in 1866, combined with the introduction of small fast torpedo boats (invented by John Ericsson in the late 19th century{{Citation needed|date=April 2008}}) posed a threat to battleships: large numbers of torpedo boats could overwhelm a battleship's defences and sink it, or distract the battleship and make it vulnerable to opposing capital ships. Torpedo boats proved devastatingly effective in the 1891 Chilean Civil War.

The defence against torpedo boats was clear: small warships accompanying the fleet that could screen and protect it from attack by torpedo boats. Several European navies developed vessels variously known as torpedo boat "catchers", "hunters" and "destroyers", while the Royal Navy itself operated torpedo gunboats. However, the early designs lacked the range and speed to keep up with the fleet they were supposed to protect. In 1892, the Third Sea Lord, Rear Admiral Jackie Fisher ordered the development of a new type of ships equipped with the then novel water-tube boilers and quick-firing small calibre guns.

Orders

Six ships to the specifications circulated by the Admiralty were ordered initially, comprising three different designs each produced by a different shipbuilder:

{{HMS|Havock|1893|6}} and {{HMS|Hornet|1893|6}} from Yarrow (the {{sclass-|Havock|destroyer|4}}).
{{HMS|Daring|1893|6}} and {{HMS|Decoy|1894|6}} from John I. Thornycroft & Company (the Daring class)
{{HMS|Ferret|1893|6}} and {{HMS|Lynx|1894|6}} from Laird, Son & Company .

Design

These boats all featured a turtleback (i.e. rounded) forecastle that was characteristic of early British TBDs. All six of them were removed from service and disposed of by the end of 1912, and thus were not affected by the Admiralty decision in 1913 to group all the surviving 27-knot and 30-knot destroyers (which had followed on these six 26-knot vessels) into four heterogeneous classes, labelled "A", "B", "C" and "D" classes.

The Ferret-class destroyers were followed by the larger {{sclass-|Banshee|destroyer|4}} which were built by Lairds less than a year later.

References

{{cite book

|last=Lyon
|first=David
|title=The First Destroyers
|year=1996
|isbn=1-84067-364-8
|ref=Lyon, The First Destroyers
}}

{{cite book

|last=Manning
|first=Captain T.D
|title=The British Destroyer
|publisher=Putnam and Co
|year=1961
}}

Background

Orders

Design

References

See also