“First Battle of Çatalca”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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First Battle of Çatalca

释义

References
Sources
External links

{{Infobox military conflict
|image=Borbe kod Čataldža.svg
|image_size=150px
|caption=Map of the battle
|conflict=Battle of Çatalca
|partof=First Balkan War
|date= {{OldStyleDate|17 and 18 November|1912|4–5 November}}
|place= Çatalca Line
|coordinates= {{coord|41|08|30|N|28|27|47|E|region:TR|display=inline,title}}
|result= Ottoman victory
|combatant1= {{flagdeco|Bulgaria|1878}} Bulgaria
|combatant2={{flag|Ottoman Empire}}
|commander1={{flagdeco|Bulgaria|1878}} Radko Dimitriev
|commander2={{flagdeco|Ottoman Empire}} Nazım Pasha
|strength1=176,430 men
(118,092 rifles, 146 MGs, 462 guns, 56,410 animals, 20 aircraft)
|strength2= 140,571 men
(103,514 rifles, 62 MGs, 316 guns, 22,058 animals, 5-8 aircraft)
|casualties1=1,506 killed
9,127 wounded
1,391 missing
Total: 12,024^[1]
|casualties2= 5,000 - 10,000 killed and wounded^[1]
}}{{Campaignbox First Balkan War}}

The First Battle of Çatalca was one of the heaviest battles of the First Balkan War fought between {{OldStyleDate|17 and 18 November|1912|4–5 November}}. It was initiated as an attempt of the combined Bulgarian First and Third armies, under the overall command of lieutenant general Radko Dimitriev, to defeat the Ottoman Çatalca Army and break through the last defensive line before the capital Constantinople. The high casualties however forced the Bulgarians to call off the attack and allow their adversary to claim victory. This was the greatest military success of the Ottoman Army for the entire duration of the war and the first major defeat of the Bulgarian Army since its establishment in 1878.^[2]

References

1. ^¹Erickson, 2003, pp. 134-35.
2. ^Vŭchkov, pp. 99-103

Sources

{{cite book |title=Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913 |last=Erickson |first=Edward J. |year=2003 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=0-275-97888-5 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3fYuy5iUi_sC}}
{{cite book |title=The Balkan Wars, 1912–1913: Prelude to the First World War |last=Hall |first=Richard C. |year=2000 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-22946-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZSllgZ-1D4YC }}
{{cite book |title=The Balkan War 1912-1913 |last=Vŭchkov |first=Aleksandŭr. |year=2005 |publisher=Angela |isbn=954-90587-4-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vwoXAQAAIAAJ&q=vachkov+balkan+war&dq=vachkov+balkan+war&hl=bg&ei=cwu-TJi8IYW6jAe_77S2Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAA }}

External links

Photographs from Çatalca
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvJ2OJG9PSw The Battle of Çatalca]

{{Ottoman battles in the 20th century}}{{Balkan Wars}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}{{DEFAULTSORT:First Battle of Catalca}}

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