| 词条 | Fixed platform |
| 释义 |
A fixed platform is a type of offshore platform used for the production of oil or gas. These platforms are built on concrete and/or steel legs anchored directly onto the seabed, supporting a deck with space for drilling rigs, production facilities and crew quarters.[1] Such platforms are, by virtue of their immobility, designed for very long-term use. Various types of structure are used, steel jacket, concrete caisson, floating steel and even floating concrete. Steel jackets are vertical sections made of tubular steel members, and are usually piled into the seabed.[2] Concrete caisson structures, pioneered by the Condeep concept, often have in-built oil storage in tanks below the sea surface and these tanks were often used as a flotation capability, allowing them to be built close to shore (Norwegian fjords and Scottish firths are popular because they are sheltered and deep enough) and then floated to their final position where they are sunk to the seabed. Fixed platforms are economically feasible for installation in water depths up to about 500 feet (150 m); for deeper depths a floating production system, or a subsea pipeline to land or to shallower water depths for processing, would usually be considered. To see more details regarding Design, construction and installation of such platforms refer to:[3] and [4] See also
References{{commons category|Oil platforms}}1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.api.org/aboutoilgas/sectors/explore/operatedeeperwater.cfm|title=404 Page Not Found|website=www.api.org|accessdate=29 May 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/platform-fixed.htm|title=Fixed Platform|first=John|last=Pike|website=www.globalsecurity.org|accessdate=29 May 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.slideshare.net/amirkabirsadeghi/jsas-002-0401sadeghi|title=An Overview of Design, Analysis, Construction and Installation of Off…|first=|last=Kabir Sadeghi|date=31 October 2013|website=slideshare.net|accessdate=29 May 2017}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.slideshare.net/amirkabirsadeghi/jsas-004-077sadeghi|title=Significant Guidance for Design and Construction of Marine and Offsho…|first=|last=Kabir Sadeghi|date=31 October 2013|website=slideshare.net|accessdate=29 May 2017}} 2 : Oil platforms|Petroleum production |
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