| 词条 | ISO/IEC 8859-5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = ISO-8859-5 |alias = ISO-IR-144, Windows-28595 |standard = ISO/IEC 8859-5, ECMA-113 (since 1988 edition) |classification = Extended ASCII, ISO 8859 |extends = US-ASCII, ISO-IR-153 |lang = Russian, Bulgarian, Belarusian, Macedonian, Serbian, Ukrainian (partial) |prev = ECMA-113:1986 (ISO-IR-111) |otherrelated = IBM-1124 }} ISO/IEC 8859-5:1999, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 5: Latin/Cyrillic alphabet, is part of the ISO/IEC 8859 series of ASCII-based standard character encodings, first edition published in 1988. It is informally referred to as Latin/Cyrillic. It was designed to cover languages using a Cyrillic alphabet such as Bulgarian, Belarusian, Russian, Serbian and Macedonian but was never widely used. It would also have been usable for Ukrainian in the Soviet Union from 1933–1990, but it is missing the Ukrainian letter ge, ґ, which is required in Ukrainian orthography before and since, and during that period outside Soviet Ukraine. As a result, IBM created Code page 1124. ISO-8859-5 is the IANA preferred charset name for this standard when supplemented with the C0 and C1 control codes from ISO/IEC 6429. The 8-bit encodings KOI8-R and KOI8-U, CP866, and also Windows-1251 are far more commonly used. Another possible way to represent Cyrillic is Unicode. The Windows code page for ISO-8859-5 is code page 28595 a.k.a. Windows-28595.[1] Codepage layout
History and related code pages{{further|ISO-IR-111#Naming confusion}}The ECMA-113 standard has been equivalent to ISO-8859-5 since its second edition,[2] its first edition (ISO-IR-111) having been an extension of the earlier KOI-8 (defined by GOST 19768-74), which lays out the Russian letters in the same way as their ASCII Roman equivalents where possible. The initial draft of ISO-8859-5 (DIS-8859-5:1987) followed ISO-IR-111, but was revised[2] after GOST 19768-74 was replaced[4] by the new ISO-IR-153 in 1987, which re-arranged the Russian letters (except for Ё) into alphabetical order.[3][4] ISO-IR-153 contains the Russian letters, including Ё, and the non-breaking space and soft hyphen; the full Cyrillic set of ISO-8859-5 is also called ISO-IR-144.[5] Possibly as a consequence of this confusion, {{IETF RFC|1345}} erroneously lists yet another code page as "ISO-IR-111", combining the letter order and case order of ISO-8859-5 with the row order of ISO-IR-111 (and consequently compatible with neither in practice, but in practice partially compatible[8] with Windows-1251).[6][7] IBM Code page 1124 is mostly identical to ISO-8859-5, but replaces ѓ with ґ for Ukrainian use. ISO-IR-200, "Uralic Supplementary Cyrillic Set",[11] was registered in 1998 by Everson Gunn Teoranta (which Michael Everson was a director of, prior to the founding of Evertype in 2001),[8] and changes several of the non-Russian letters in order to support the Kildin Sami, Komi and Nenets languages, not supported by ISO-8859-5 itself. Michael Everson also introduced Mac OS Barents Cyrillic for the same languages on classic Mac OS.
ISO-IR-201, "Volgaic Supplementary Cyrillic Set",[14] was similarly introduced by Everson Gunn Teoranta in order to support the Chuvash, Komi, Mari and Udmurt languages, spoken in the titular republics of Russia.
References1. ^[https://msdn.microsoft.com/it-it/library/windows/desktop/dd317756(v=vs.85).aspx Code Page Identifiers] 2. ^1 [https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-113,%202nd%20edition%20June%201988.pdf ECMA-113. 8-Bit Single-Byte Coded Graphic Character Sets - Latin/Cyrillic Alphabet (2nd ed., June 1988)] 3. ^1 {{cite web |title=The Cyrillic Charset Soup |url=http://czyborra.com/charsets/cyrillic.html |access-date=2016-12-03 |author-first=Roman |author-last=Czyborra |orig-year=1998-05-25 |date=1998-11-30 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203230933/http://czyborra.com/charsets/cyrillic.html |archive-date=2016-12-03}} 4. ^http://czyborra.com/charsets/gost19768-87.txt.gz 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/iso-ir/144.pdf|title=ISO-IR-144|date=1 May 1988}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/ietf-charsets/2003AprJun/0049.html|title=ECMA-cyrillic alias iso-ir-111 sore}} 7. ^1 {{cite web |title=Review of 8-bit Cyrillic encodings universe |author-first=Valentin |author-last=Nechayev |date=2013 |orig-year=2001 |url=http://segfault.kiev.ua/cyrillic-encodings/ |access-date=2016-12-05 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161205134629/http://segfault.kiev.ua/cyrillic-encodings/ |archive-date=2016-12-05}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://unicode.org/mail-arch/unicode-ml/y2001-m09/0289.html|title=Everson Gunn Teoranta (EGT) & Everson Typography|last=Gunn|first=Marion|last2=Everson|first2=Michael|date=2001-09-20|work=Unicode Mail List Archive|publisher=Unicode Consortium}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|title=ISO-IR 200: Uralic Supplementary Cyrillic Set|url=https://www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/iso-ir/200.pdf}} 10. ^1 {{cite web|title=ISO-IR 201: Volgaic Supplementary Cyrillic Set|url=https://www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/iso-ir/201.pdf}} External links
2 : ISO/IEC 8859|Computer-related introductions in 1988 |
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