| 释义 |
- Actinides vs fission products
- List of isotopes Notes
- See also
- References
{{infobox actinium isotopes}}Actinium (89Ac) has no stable isotopes and no characteristic terrestrial isotopic composition, thus a standard atomic weight cannot be given. There are 32 known isotopes, from 205Ac to 236Ac, and 7 isomers. Three isotopes are found in nature, 225Ac, 227Ac and 228Ac, as intermediate decay products of, respectively, 237Np, 235U, and 232Th. 228Ac and 225Ac are extremely rare, so almost all natural actinium is 227Ac. The most stable isotopes are 227Ac with a half-life of 21.772 years, 225Ac with a half-life of 10.0 days, and 226Ac with a half-life of 29.37 hours. All other isotopes have half-lives under 10 hours, and most under a minute. The shortest-lived known isotope is 217Ac with a half-life of 69 ns. Purified 227Ac comes into equilibrium with its decay products (227Th and 223Fr) after 185 days.[1] Actinides vs fission products{{Actinides vs fission products}}{{clear}} List of isotopes nuclide
symbol | historic
name | Z(p) | N(n) |
isotopic mass (u)
| half-life | decay
mode(s)[2][3] | daughter
isotope(s)[4] | nuclear
spin | representative
isotopic
composition
(mole fraction) | range of natural
variation
(mole fraction) | | excitation energy |
|---|
| 205Ac[5] | 89 | 116 | 20(+97−9) ms | α | 201Fr | | 206Ac | 89 | 117 | 206.01450(8) | 25(7) ms | (3+) | | 206m1Ac | 80(50) keV | 15(6) ms | | 206m2Ac | 290(110)# keV | 41(16) ms | (10−) | | 207Ac | 89 | 118 | 207.01195(6) | 31(8) ms
[27(+11−6) ms] | α | 203Fr | 9/2−# | | 208Ac | | 89 | 119 | 208.01155(6) | 97(16) ms
[95(+24−16) ms] | α (99%) | 204Fr | (3+) | | | | β+ (1%) | 208Ra | | 208mAc | | 506(26) keV | 28(7) ms
[25(+9−5) ms] | α (89%) | 204Fr | (10−) | | | | IT (10%) | 208Ac | | β+ (1%) | 208Ra | | 209Ac | | 89 | 120 | 209.00949(5) | 92(11) ms | α (99%) | 205Fr | (9/2−) | | | | β+ (1%) | 209Ra | | 210Ac | | 89 | 121 | 210.00944(6) | 350(40) ms | α (96%) | 206Fr | 7+# | | | | β+ (4%) | 210Ra | | 211Ac | | 89 | 122 | 211.00773(8) | 213(25) ms | α (99.8%) | 207Fr | 9/2−# | | | | β+ (.2%) | 211Ra | | 212Ac | | 89 | 123 | 212.00781(7) | 920(50) ms | α (97%) | 208Fr | 6+# | | | | β+ (3%) | 212Ra | | 213Ac | | 89 | 124 | 213.00661(6) | 731(17) ms | α | 209Fr | (9/2−)# | | | | β+ (rare) | 213Ra | | 214Ac | | 89 | 125 | 214.006902(24) | 8.2(2) s | α (89%) | 210Fr | (5+)# | | | | β+ (11%) | 214Ra | | 215Ac | | 89 | 126 | 215.006454(23) | 0.17(1) s | α (99.91%) | 211Fr | 9/2− | | | | β+ (.09%) | 215Ra | | 216Ac | | 89 | 127 | 216.008720(29) | 0.440(16) ms | α | 212Fr | (1−) | | | | β+ (7×10−5%) | 216Ra | | 216mAc | 44(7) keV | 443(7) µs | (9−) | | 217Ac | | 89 | 128 | 217.009347(14) | 69(4) ns | α (98%) | 213Fr | 9/2− | | | | β+ (6.9×10−9%) | 217Ra | | 217mAc | 2012(20) keV | 740(40) ns | (29/2)+ | | 218Ac | 89 | 129 | 218.01164(5) | 1.08(9) µs | α | 214Fr | (1−)# | | 218mAc | 584(50)# keV | 103(11) ns | (11+) | | 219Ac | | 89 | 130 | 219.01242(5) | 11.8(15) µs | α | 215Fr | 9/2− | | | | β+ (10−6%) | 219Ra | | 220Ac | | 89 | 131 | 220.014763(16) | 26.36(19) ms | α | 216Fr | (3−) | | | | β+ (5×10−4%) | 220Ra | | 221Ac | 89 | 132 | 221.01559(5) | 52(2) ms | α | 217Fr | 9/2−# | | 222Ac | | 89 | 133 | 222.017844(6) | 5.0(5) s | α (99%) | 218Fr | 1− | | | | β+ (1%) | 222Ra | | 222mAc | | 200(150)# keV | 1.05(7) min | α (88.6%) | 218Fr | high | | | | IT (10%) | 222Ac | | β+ (1.4%) | 222Ra | | 223Ac | | 89 | 134 | 223.019137(8) | 2.10(5) min | α (99%) | 219Fr | (5/2−) | | | | EC (1%) | 223Ra | | CD (3.2×10−9%) | 209Bi
14C | | 224Ac | | 89 | 135 | 224.021723(4) | 2.78(17) h | β+ (90.9%) | 224Ra | 0− | | | | α (9.1%) | 220Fr | | β− (1.6%) | 224Th | | 225Ac[6] | | 89 | 136 | 225.023230(5) | 10.0(1) d | α | 221Fr | (3/2−) | | | | CD (6×10−10%) | 211Bi
14C | | 226Ac | | 89 | 137 | 226.026098(4) | 29.37(12) h | β− (83%) | 226Th | (1)(−#) | | | | EC (17%) | 226Ra | | α (.006%) | 222Fr | | 227Ac | Actinium[7] | 89 | 138 | 227.0277521(26) | 21.772(3) y | β− (98.61%) | 227Th | 3/2− | Trace[8] | | | α (1.38%) | 223Fr | | 228Ac | Mesothorium 2 | 89 | 139 | 228.0310211(27) | 6.13(2) h | β− | 228Th | 3+ | Trace[9] | | | α (5.5×10−6%) | 224Fr | | 229Ac | 89 | 140 | 229.03302(4) | 62.7(5) min | β− | 229Th | (3/2+) | | 230Ac | 89 | 141 | 230.03629(32) | 122(3) s | β− | 230Th | (1+) | | 231Ac | 89 | 142 | 231.03856(11) | 7.5(1) min | β− | 231Th | (1/2+) | | 232Ac | 89 | 143 | 232.04203(11) | 119(5) s | β− | 232Th | (1+) | | 233Ac | 89 | 144 | 233.04455(32)# | 145(10) s | β− | 233Th | (1/2+) | | 234Ac | 89 | 145 | 234.04842(43)# | 44(7) s | β− | 234Th | | 235Ac | 89 | 146 | 235.05123(38)# | 60(4) s | β− | 235Th | 1/2+# | | 236Ac[10] | 89 | 147 | 236.05530(54)# | 72(+345-33) s | β− | 236Th |
1. ^{{cite book | year = 2005 | chapter = Chemical Elements | title = Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia of Chemistry | editor = G. D. Considine | page = 332 | publisher = Wiley-Interscience | isbn = 978-0-471-61525-5}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nucleonica.net/unc.aspx |title=Universal Nuclide Chart |publisher=nucleonica |registration=yes}}
3. ^Abbreviations:
CD: Cluster decay
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
4. ^Bold italics for nearly-stable isotopes (half-life longer than the age of the universe)
5. ^{{Cite journal |last = Zhang |first = Z. Y. |last2 = Gan |first2 = Z. G. |last3=Ma |first3=L. |last4=Yu |first4=L. |last5=Yang |first5=H. B. |last6=Huang |first6=T. H. |last7=Li |first7=G. S. |last8=Tian |first8=Y. L. |last9=Wang |first9=Y. S. |last10=Xu |first10=X. X. |last11=Huang |first11=M. H. |last12=Luo |first12=C. |last13=Ren |first13=Z. Z. |last14=Zhou |first14=S.G. |last15=Zhou |first15=X. H. |last16=Xu |first16=H. S. |last17=Xiao |first17=G. Q. | title =α decay of the new neutron-deficient isotope 205Ac| journal = Physical Review C | volume = 89 | issue = 1 | pages = 014308 |date=January 2014 | url = http://journals.aps.org/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.89.014308 | doi =10.1103/PhysRevC.89.014308|bibcode=2014PhRvC..89a4308Z }}
6. ^Has medical uses
7. ^Source of element's name
8. ^Intermediate decay product of 235U
9. ^Intermediate decay product of 232Th
10. ^{{cite journal|last=Chen|first=L.|display-authors=etal|date=2010|title=Discovery and Investigation of Heavy Neutron-Rich Isotopes with Time-Resolved Schottky Spectrometry in the Element Range from Thallium to Actinium|url=http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/7511/2/10_esr-trans-pb_plb_chen_preprint.pdf|format=PDF|journal=Physics Letters B|volume=691|issue=5|pages=234–237|doi=10.1016/j.physletb.2010.05.078}}
Notes - Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
- Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC which use expanded uncertainties.
See also {{Wikipedia books|Actinium}}{{Clear}} References - Isotope masses from:
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- {{CAWIA 2003}}
- {{CIAAW 2005}}
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. See editing notes on this article's talk page.
- {{NUBASE 2003}}
- {{NNDC}}
- {{CRC85|chapter=11}}
{{Navbox element isotopes}} 3 : Actinium|Isotopes of actinium|Lists of isotopes by element |