| 释义 |
- List of isotopes Notes
- References
{{infobox dysprosium isotopes}}Naturally occurring dysprosium (66Dy) is composed of 7 stable isotopes, 156Dy, 158Dy, 160Dy, 161Dy, 162Dy, 163Dy and 164Dy, with 164Dy being the most abundant (28.18% natural abundance). Twenty-nine radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being 154Dy with a half-life of 3.0 million years, 159Dy with a half-life of 144.4 days, and 166Dy with a half-life of 81.6 hours. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 10 hours, and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than 30 seconds. This element also has 12 meta states, with the most stable being 165mDy (half-life 1.257 minutes), 147mDy (half-life 55.7 seconds) and 145mDy (half-life 13.6 seconds). The primary decay mode before the most abundant stable isotope, 164Dy, is electron capture, and the primary mode after is beta decay. The primary decay products before 164Dy are terbium isotopes, and the primary products after are holmium isotopes. Besides, 164Dy is the heaviest theoretically stable nuclide, all heavier nuclides on the beta-decay stable isobars are theorized to undergo alpha decay. List of isotopes nuclide
symbol | Z(p) | N(n) |
isotopic mass (u)
| half-life | decay
mode(s)[1][2] | daughter
isotope(s)[3] | nuclear
spin and
parity | representative
isotopic
composition
(mole fraction) | range of natural
variation
(mole fraction) | | excitation energy |
|---|
| 138Dy | 66 | 72 | 137.96249(64)# | 200# ms | 0+ | | 139Dy | 66 | 73 | 138.95954(54)# | 600(200) ms | 7/2+# | | 140Dy | 66 | 74 | 139.95401(54)# | 700# ms | β+ | 140Tb | 0+ | | 140mDy | 2166.1(5) keV | 7.0(5) µs | (8−) | | 141Dy | 66 | 75 | 140.95135(32)# | 0.9(2) s | β+ | 141Tb | (9/2−) | | | | β+, p (rare) | 140Gd | | 142Dy | 66 | 76 | 141.94637(39)# | 2.3(3) s | β+ (99.94%) | 142Tb | 0+ | | | | β+, p (.06%) | 141Gd | | 143Dy | 66 | 77 | 142.94383(21)# | 5.6(10) s | β+ | 143Tb | (1/2+) | | | | β+, p (rare) | 142Gd | | 143mDy | 310.7(6) keV | 3.0(3) s | (11/2−) | | 144Dy | 66 | 78 | 143.93925(3) | 9.1(4) s | β+ | 144Tb | 0+ | | | | β+, p (rare) | 143Gd | | 145Dy | 66 | 79 | 144.93743(5) | 9.5(10) s | β+ | 145Tb | (1/2+) | | | | β+, p (rare) | 144Gd | | 145mDy | 118.2(2) keV | 14.1(7) s | β+ | 145Tb | (11/2−) | | 146Dy | 66 | 80 | 145.932845(29) | 33.2(7) s | β+ | 146Tb | 0+ | | 146mDy | 2935.7(6) keV | 150(20) ms | IT | 146Dy | (10+)# | | 147Dy | 66 | 81 | 146.931092(21) | 40(10) s | β+ (99.95%) | 147Tb | 1/2+ | | | | β+, p (.05%) | 146Tb | | 147m1Dy | 750.5(4) keV | 55(1) s | β+ (65%) | 147Tb | 11/2− | | | | IT (35%) | 147Dy | | 147m2Dy | 3407.2(8) keV | 0.40(1) µs | (27/2−) | | 148Dy | 66 | 82 | 147.927150(11) | 3.3(2) min | β+ | 148Tb | 0+ | | 149Dy | 66 | 83 | 148.927305(9) | 4.20(14) min | β+ | 149Tb | 7/2(−) | | 149mDy | 2661.1(4) keV | 490(15) ms | IT (99.3%) | 149Dy | (27/2−) | | | | β+ (.7%) | 149Tb | | 150Dy | 66 | 84 | 149.925585(5) | 7.17(5) min | β+ (64%) | 150Tb | 0+ | | | | α (36%) | 146Gd | | 151Dy | 66 | 85 | 150.926185(4) | 17.9(3) min | β+ (94.4%) | 151Tb | 7/2(−) | | | | α (5.6%) | 147Gd | | 152Dy | 66 | 86 | 151.924718(6) | 2.38(2) h | EC (99.9%) | 152Tb | 0+ | | | | α (.1%) | 148Gd | | 153Dy | 66 | 87 | 152.925765(5) | 6.4(1) h | β+ (99.99%) | 153Tb | 7/2(−) | | | | α (.00939%) | 149Gd | | 154Dy | 66 | 88 | 153.924424(8) | 3.0(15)×106 y | α | 150Gd | 0+ | | | | β+β+ (rare) | 154Gd | | 155Dy | 66 | 89 | 154.925754(13) | 9.9(2) h | β+ | 155Tb | 3/2− | | 155mDy | 234.33(3) keV | 6(1) µs | 11/2− | | 156Dy | 66 | 90 | 155.924283(7) | Observationally Stable[4] | 0+ | 5.6(3)×10−4 | | 157Dy | 66 | 91 | 156.925466(7) | 8.14(4) h | β+ | 157Tb | 3/2− | | 157m1Dy | 161.99(3) keV | 1.3(2) µs | 9/2+ | | 157m2Dy | 199.38(7) keV | 21.6(16) ms | IT | 157Dy | 11/2− | | 158Dy | 66 | 92 | 157.924409(4) | Observationally Stable[5] | 0+ | 9.5(3)×10−4 | | 159Dy | 66 | 93 | 158.9257392(29) | 144.4(2) d | EC | 159Tb | 3/2− | | 159mDy | 352.77(14) keV | 122(3) µs | 11/2− | | 160Dy | 66 | 94 | 159.9251975(27) | Observationally Stable[6] | 0+ | 0.02329(18) | | 161Dy | 66 | 95 | 160.9269334(27) | Observationally Stable[7] | 5/2+ | 0.18889(42) | | 162Dy | 66 | 96 | 161.9267984(27) | Observationally Stable[8] | 0+ | 0.25475(36) | | 163Dy | 66 | 97 | 162.9287312(27) | Stable[9][10] | 5/2− | 0.24896(42) | | 164Dy | 66 | 98 | 163.9291748(27) | Stable[11] | 0+ | 0.28260(54) | | 165Dy | 66 | 99 | 164.9317033(27) | 2.334(1) h | β− | 165Ho | 7/2+ | | 165mDy | 108.160(3) keV | 1.257(6) min | IT (97.76%) | 165Dy | 1/2− | | | | β− (2.24%) | 165Ho | | 166Dy | 66 | 100 | 165.9328067(28) | 81.6(1) h | β− | 166Ho | 0+ | | 167Dy | 66 | 101 | 166.93566(6) | 6.20(8) min | β− | 167Ho | (1/2−) | | 168Dy | 66 | 102 | 167.93713(15) | 8.7(3) min | β− | 168Ho | 0+ | | 169Dy | 66 | 103 | 168.94031(32) | 39(8) s | β− | 169Ho | (5/2−) | | 170Dy | 66 | 104 | 169.94239(21)# | 30# s | β− | 170Ho | 0+ | | 171Dy | 66 | 105 | 170.94620(32)# | 6# s | β− | 171Ho | 7/2−# | | 172Dy | 66 | 106 | 171.94876(43)# | 3# s | β− | 172Ho | 0+ | | 173Dy | 66 | 107 | 172.95300(54)# | 2# s | β− | 173Ho | 9/2+# |
1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nucleonica.net/unc.aspx |title=Universal Nuclide Chart |publisher=nucleonica |registration=yes}}
2. ^Abbreviations:
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
3. ^Bold for stable isotopes, bold italics for nearly-stable isotopes (half-life longer than the age of the universe)
4. ^Believed to undergo α decay to 152Gd or β+β+ decay to 156Gd with a half-life over 1018 years
5. ^Believed to undergo α decay to 154Gd or β+β+ decay to 158Gd
6. ^Believed to undergo α decay to 156Gd
7. ^Believed to undergo α decay to 157Gd
8. ^Believed to undergo α decay to 158Gd
9. ^Can undergo bound-state β− decay to 163Ho with a half-life of 47 days when fully ionized
10. ^{{cite journal |author=M. Jung |display-authors=etal |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=69 |issue=15 |pages=2164–2167 |date=1992-10-12 |title=First observation of bound-state β− decay |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.2164 |pmid=10046415|bibcode=1992PhRvL..69.2164J }}
11. ^Heaviest theoretically stable nuclide
Notes - Geologically exceptional samples are known in which the isotopic composition lies outside the reported range. The uncertainty in the atomic mass may exceed the stated value for such specimens.
- Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
- Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC, which use expanded uncertainties.
References - Isotope masses from:
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- {{CAWIA 2003}}
- {{CIAAW 2005}}
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. See editing notes on this article's talk page.
- {{NUBASE 2003}}
- {{NNDC}}
- {{CRC85|chapter=11}}
{{Navbox element isotopes}} 3 : Dysprosium|Isotopes of dysprosium|Lists of isotopes by element |