| 释义 |
- List of isotopes Notes
- References
{{infobox vanadium isotopes}}Naturally occurring vanadium (23V) is composed of one stable isotope 51V and one radioactive isotope 50V with a half-life of 1.5×1017 years. 24 artificial radioisotopes have been characterized (in the range of mass number between 40 and 65) with the most stable being 49V with a half-life of 330 days, and 48V with a half-life of 15.9735 days. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives shorter than an hour, the majority of them below 10 seconds, the least stable being 42V with a half-life shorter than 55 nanoseconds, with all of the isotopes lighter than it, and none of the heavier, have unknown half-lives. In 4 isotopes, metastable excited states were found (including 2 metastable states for 60V), which adds up to 5 meta states. The primary decay mode before the most abundant stable isotope 51V is electron capture. The next most common mode is beta decay. The primary decay products before 51V are element 22 (titanium) isotopes and the primary products after are element 24 (chromium) isotopes. List of isotopes nuclide
symbol | Z(p) | N(n) |
isotopic mass (u)
| half-life[1] | decay
mode(s)[2][3] | daughter
isotope(s)[4] | nuclear
spin and
parity | representative
isotopic
composition
(mole fraction) | range of natural
variation
(mole fraction) | | excitation energy |
|---|
| 40V | 23 | 17 | 40.01109(54)# | p | 39Ti | 2−# | | 41V | 23 | 18 | 40.99978(22)# | p | 40Ti | 7/2−# | | 42V | 23 | 19 | 41.99123(21)# | <55 ns | p | 41Ti | 2−# | | 43V | 23 | 20 | 42.98065(25)# | 80# ms | β+ | 43Ti | 7/2−# | | 44V | 23 | 21 | 43.97411(13) | 111(7) ms | β+ (>99.9%) | 44Ti | (2+) | | | | β−, α (<.1%) | 40Ca | | 44mV | 270(100)# keV | 150(3) ms | β+ | 44Ti | (6+) | | 45V | 23 | 22 | 44.965776(18) | 547(6) ms | β+ | 45Ti | 7/2− | | 46V | 23 | 23 | 45.9602005(11) | 422.50(11) ms | β+ | 46Ti | 0+ | | 46mV | 801.46(10) keV | 1.02(7) ms | IT | 46V | 3+ | | 47V | 23 | 24 | 46.9549089(9) | 32.6(3) min | β+ | 47Ti | 3/2− | | 48V | 23 | 25 | 47.9522537(27) | 15.9735(25) d | β+ | 48Ti | 4+ | | 49V | 23 | 26 | 48.9485161(12) | 329(3) d | EC | 49Ti | 7/2− | | 50V[5] | 23 | 27 | 49.9471585(11) | 1.4(4)×1017 y | β+ (83%) | 50Ti | 6+ | 0.00250(4) | 0.002487–0.002502 | | β− (17%) | 50Cr | | 51V | 23 | 28 | 50.9439595(11) | Stable | 7/2− | 0.99750(4) | 0.997498–0.997513 | | 52V | 23 | 29 | 51.9447755(11) | 3.743(5) min | β− | 52Cr | 3+ | | 53V | 23 | 30 | 52.944338(3) | 1.60(4) min | β− | 53Cr | 7/2− | | 54V | 23 | 31 | 53.946440(16) | 49.8(5) s | β− | 54Cr | 3+ | | 54mV | 108(3) keV | 900(500) ns | (5+) | | 55V | 23 | 32 | 54.94723(11) | 6.54(15) s | β− | 55Cr | (7/2−)# | | 56V | 23 | 33 | 55.95053(22) | 216(4) ms | β− (>99.9%) | 56Cr | (1+) | | | | β−, n | 55Cr | | 57V | 23 | 34 | 56.95256(25) | 0.35(1) s | β− (>99.9%) | 57Cr | (3/2−) | | | | β−, n (<.1%) | 56Cr | | 58V | 23 | 35 | 57.95683(27) | 191(8) ms | β− (>99.9%) | 58Cr | 3+# | | | | β−, n (<.1%) | 57Cr | | 59V | 23 | 36 | 58.96021(33) | 75(7) ms | β− (>99.9%) | 59Cr | 7/2−# | | | | β−, n (<.1%) | 58Cr | | 60V | 23 | 37 | 59.96503(51) | 122(18) ms | β− (>99.9%) | 60Cr | 3+# | | | | β−, n (<.1%) | 59Cr | | 60m1V | 0(150)# keV | 40(15) ms | 1+# | | 60m2V | 101(1) keV | >400 ns | | 61V | 23 | 38 | 60.96848(43)# | 47.0(12) ms | β− | 61Cr | 7/2−# | | 62V | 23 | 39 | 61.97378(54)# | 33.5(20) ms | β− | 62Cr | 3+# | | 63V | 23 | 40 | 62.97755(64)# | 17(3) ms | β− | 63Cr | (7/2−)# | | 64V | 23 | 41 | 63.98347(75)# | 10# ms [>300 ns] | | 65V | 23 | 42 | 64.98792(86)# | 10# ms | 5/2−# |
1. ^Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nucleonica.net/unc.aspx |title=Universal Nuclide Chart |publisher=nucleonica |registration=yes}}
3. ^Abbreviations:
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
4. ^Bold for stable isotopes
5. ^Primordial radionuclide
Notes - Geologically exceptional samples are known in which the isotopic composition lies outside the reported range. The uncertainty in the atomic mass may exceed the stated value for such specimens.
- Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
- Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC, which use expanded uncertainties.
- Nuclide masses are given by IUPAP Commission on Symbols, Units, Nomenclature, Atomic Masses and Fundamental Constants (SUNAMCO)
- Isotope abundances are given by IUPAC Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights (CIAAW)
References - Isotope masses from:
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- {{CAWIA 2003}}
- {{CIAAW 2005}}
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. See editing notes on this article's talk page.
- {{NUBASE 2003}}
- {{NNDC}}
- {{CRC85|chapter=11}}
- History of discovery: A. Shore, A. Fritsch, M. Heim, A. Schuh, M. Thoennessen. Discovery of the Vanadium Isotopes. [https://arxiv.org/abs/0907.1994 arXiv:0907.1994] (2009).
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