| 词条 | Florence Court Yew |
| 释义 |
| name = Florence Court Yew | image = Yewspread1.jpg | alt = | image_caption = Florence Court Yew in 2010 | species = Yew | binomial = Taxus baccata | location = Florence Court, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland | coordinates = {{coord|54.254077|-7.722987|display=title,inline|region:GB-FER_scale:5000}} | seeded = {{Start date|1767|df=y}} | felled = | custodian = National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty | website = }} The Florence Court Yew is the surviving specimen of the two original Irish yew (Taxus baccata 'Fastigiata') seedlings. As such, it is the oldest Irish yew alive and it is believed that almost all Irish yews worldwide descend from this specimen.[1] It is located in Florence Court demesne in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland and is cared for by the National Trust. HistoryIn 1767 George Willis, a local farmer, retrieved a pair of unusual yew seedlings from the slopes of Cuilcagh mountain in the Aghatirourke townland, near Florencecourt, County Fermanagh.[1] One specimen was presented to Willis' landlord, Lord Mount Florence (later 1st Earl of Enniskillen) who had it planted in the old garden in the Florence Court estate. The other was planted in Willis' own garden, where it died in 1865. CharacteristicsThe specimens Willis discovered had a 'fastigiated' or vertical habit in contrast to the wider spread of the common yew seen throughout the island of Ireland, the British Isles and Europe.[2] The characteristics of the young seedlings survived into maturity and the tree attracted interest form visitors and horticulturists due to its compactness and attractive columnar shape. PropagationLike all Irish yews, the Florence Court Yew is female. The species can only be propagated from cuttings as specimens raised from seed revert to common yews.[2] They lose the Irish yew's distinctive upright habit, although specimens raised from seed may display minor variations in foliage colour. [3] Cuttings for propagation were taken from the tree and by 1820 the Irish yew had become so popular that the tree was commercially reproduced.[1] The Irish yew is common in churchyards throughout the world and it is believed almost all specimens are descended from the tree at Florence Court.[1] Condition and conservationAs a result of the volume of cuttings taking from the tree and the shade of larger ash and sycamore tress surrounding it, the Florence Court Yew has lost much of the characteristic shape and balance of its species. As of 2010, the condition of the tree was stable although moss, which thrives in the tree's damp location, was slowing the tree's growth.[4] Notes
References{{commons category}}1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web| publisher=National Trust| title=The original Irish Yew Tree at Florence Court| url=https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/florence-court/features/the-original-irish-yew-tree-at-florence-court| accessdate=2018-07-15}} 2. ^1 {{cite web| title=The IRISH YEW| work=WikiTree| url=http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_IRISH_YEW| accessdate=2016-10-06}} 3. ^1 {{cite web| title=Florencecourt Yew tree in 1842| url=https://cunninghamsway.com/2016/09/11/florencecourt-yew-tree-in-1842/| accessdate=2018-07-15}} 4. ^{{cite video| title=The Notable Trees of the National Trust – Irish Yews, Florence Court| work=YouTube| author=nationaltrustcharity| year=2010| url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sWi6x8bU1Oc| accessdate=2018-07-15}} 3 : Individual yew trees|Individual trees in the United Kingdom|County Fermanagh |
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