| 词条 | Ford Auditorium |
| 释义 |
Ford Auditorium was an auditorium in Detroit, Michigan that was built in 1955 and opened in 1956. Located on the Detroit riverfront, it served as a home to the Detroit Symphony Orchestra (DSO) for more than 33 years and was an integral part of the city's Civic Center.[1][2][3] With approval from Ford and the city, the building was demolished in July 2011 as part of the city's waterfront redesign plans. HistoryThe auditorium was financed by the Ford Motor Company and contributions of the Ford affiliated dealers in the U.S. Ford gave its approval when the city planned to remove the building as part of the waterfront redesign plans. The project received such a large donation from the Ford family, it was designed as a memorial to Henry and Edsel Ford. When the auditorium opened, it became home for the DSO and hosted conventions, pop concerts, theatrical productions and speeches. The building had outlived its usefulness to the city and was replaced by other facilities. The building acoustics were also not considered satisfactory.[4] The building was designed by the firm of Odell, Hewlett and Luckenbach in the modern style. It was situated at the base of a U-shaped drive named Auditorium Drive. Beneath the drive and adjacent landscaped areas was a two-level parking garage containing 750-spaces. The garage was accessed via ramps in the median of Jefferson Avenue and had a pedestrian entrance which provided direct access to the lower-level lounge of the auditorium. The exterior shape of the building followed the form of its interior spaces with backstage and audience areas clearly visible. The sides of the building were clad in white marble to harmonize with the other buildings in the Civic Center Complex- the City-County Building, Veterans Memorial Building and Cobo Hall and Arena. The Jefferson Avenue and river facades were covered with a mica-flecked blue granite in a basket-weave pattern.[5] In the curved foyer of the main level were three sculptures by local artist Marshall Fredericks. On the curved wall above the main entrance is a 120-foot mural made of steel, copper and aluminum wire entitled Ford Empire which depicts the Ford Rouge Complex. Above the stairs to the balcony at the east end of the lobby was a piece entitled Harlequins, Ballerina and Orchestral Parade and above the west stairs was another piece entitled Harlequins and Circus Parade. The Ford Empire mural was moved to storage in 2003[6] and in 2007, the Marshall Fredericks Sculpture Museum at Saginaw Valley State University negotiated with the City of Detroit to have the two smaller pieces moved there.[7] On February 14, 1965, the auditorium served as a historical stage for Malcolm X to deliver his last speech outside of New York before his death. He delivered his "Last Message" at the First Annual Dignity Projection and Scholarship Awards ceremony despite the firebombing of his Queens, New York home by the Nation of Islam that morning.[8] DemolitionFord Auditorium was demolished in July 2011 at a cost of $754,000 as part of the city's waterfront redesign plans.[9] Demolition of the Ford Auditorium began on July 9, 2011 after being delayed a month because the city found more asbestos than expected.[10] Recording SystemWhen first opened, the auditorium had a state-of-the-art recording system, and the Detroit Symphony Orchestra under Paul Paray made a number of recordings in the venue for Mercury Records. But it was also considered a very "dead" hall, with poor acoustics that resisted repeated attempts at improvement. After much discussion, the DSO returned to its former home, Orchestra Hall, in 1989. Ford Auditorium saw little activity thereafter, and by 1995, had stopped accepting reservations for use of its facilities. OrgansAccording to the Aeolian-Skinner archives, the auditorium's large Aeolian-Skinner organ was still in the building as of 2006, but had been unused for some time. It was installed in 1957 at a cost of $100,000. Helderop Pipe Organs, along with a team of volunteers, began to dismantle the organ in late June 2011, and finished late July 4, 2011, the day before demolition was scheduled to begin.[11] The city donated the organ to the congregation of nearby St. Aloysius Catholic Church, which took the 2,800-pipe instrument with the goal of operating it within two years.[11][13] A smaller 1,200-pipe organ which operated from the same console has been given to the DSO who will use it to perform 17th and 18th-century pieces in Orchestra Hall.[12] External links
References1. ^{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cVP055AfqNEC&pg=PA165 | title=This is Detroit 1701-2001| accessdate=January 25, 2011| author=Arthur M. Woodford| publisher=Wayne State University Press| year=2001| place=Detroit| isbn=0814329144}} {{Downtown Detroit}}{{Architecture of metropolitan Detroit}}{{coord|42.3278|-83.0430|type:landmark_region:US-MI|display=title}}2. ^{{cite web| title=History of the DSO| publisher=DetroitSymphony.com| url=http://www.detroitsymphony.com/page.aspx?page_id=242| year=2010| accessdate=January 25, 2011}} 3. ^{{cite web| url=http://www.detroityes.com/downtown/52ford_aud.htm| publisher=DetroitYES!| title=Downtown Ruins-Ford Auditorium| year=2000| accessdate=January 25, 2011}} 4. ^Helms, Matt (July 15, 2011).Huge excavator topples at site of Ford Auditorium. Detroit Free Press. Retrieved July 15, 2011. 5. ^{{cite book| last1=Meyer| first1=Katherine Mattingly| last2=Martin C.P. McElroy with Introduction by W. Hawkins Ferry, Hon A.I.A| year=1980| title=Detroit Architecture A.I.A. Guide Revised Edition| publisher=Wayne State University Press|place=Detroit| isbn=0-8143-1651-4}} 6. ^{{cite web| title=Categorical Listing of works-Architectural| publisher=Saginaw Valley State University| url=http://www.svsu.edu/dnu/mfsm/pages/architecture.html| year=2011| accessdate=January 25, 2011}} 7. ^{{cite web| url=http://www.svsu.edu.mfsm/harlequins.html| publisher=Saginaw Valley State University| title=Harlequins| date=| accessdate=January 25, 2011}} 8. ^{{cite web| url=http://detroitontap.blogspot.com/2008/09/ford-auditorium-and-black-history.html| author=Paul Lee| title=Ford Auditorium and Black History| date=September 28, 2008| accessdate= January 25, 2011| publisher=Detroit on Tap}} 9. ^{{cite news| title=The Fat Lady finally sings for Ford Auditorium| url=http://www.freep.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2011307080001| work=Detroit Free Press| publisher=freep.com|page=| date=July 9, 2011| author=Steve Neavling| accessdate=2011-07-11}} 10. ^{{cite news| work=Detroit News| publisher=detnews.com| url=http://www.freep.com/article/20110708/NEWS01/307080001/The-Fat-Lady-finally-sings-Ford-Auditorium?odyssey=tab%7Ctopnews%7Ctext%7CFRONTPAGE| date=July 9, 2011| accessdate=| title=The Fat Lady finally sings Ford Auditorium}} 11. ^1 {{cite news| title=Pipe organ rescued just in time| url=http://www.freep.com/article/20110706/NEWS01/107060375/Pipe-organ-rescued-just-time-from-Ford-Aud-| work=Detroit Free Press| publisher=The Detroit Free Press|page=4a| date=June 28, 2011| author=Elisha Anderson| accessdate=2011-07-06}} 12. ^1 {{cite news| title=Team works to rescue Ford Auditorium's vintage pipe organ before the Detroit building is demolished| url=http://www.freep.com/article/20110628/NEWS01/106280355/Team-works-rescue-Ford-Auditorium-s-vintage-pipe-organ-before-Detroit-building-demolished?odyssey=mod_sectionstories| work=Detroit Free Press| publisher=freep.com|page=4a| date=June 28, 2011| author=Elisha Anderson| accessdate=2011-06-28}} 7 : Demolished theatres in the United States|Demolished buildings and structures in Detroit|Downtown Detroit|Theatres in Detroit|Buildings and structures completed in 1955|Buildings and structures demolished in 2011|1955 establishments in Michigan |
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