| 词条 | Foreign Policy Initiative |
| 释义 |
|name = Foreign Policy Initiative |image = |established = {{start date and age|2009}} |dissolved = 2017 |Chairmen = Robert Kagan, William Kristol, Dan Senor, Eric Edelman |head_label = Executive Director |head = Christopher J. Griffin |city = Washington, D.C. |country = U.S. |website = foreignpolicyi.org }} The Foreign Policy Initiative (FPI) was an American think tank that operated from 2009 to 2017.[1][2] According to its website, the FPI was "committed to robust support for democratic allies",[3] human rights,[4] a strong American military equipped to meet the challenges of the 21st century, and strengthening America's global economic competitiveness. The organization was founded in 2009 and was led by Executive Christopher J. Griffin.[5] FPI was a non-profit, tax-exempt organization under Section 501(c)(3) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. The Foreign Policy Initiative publishes numerous bulletins, fact sheets, and analysis on a variety of foreign policy related issues.[6] Academic scholars describe FPI as part of a "loose coalition of individuals that seeks to influence American foreign policy in ways that will benefit Israel."[7] FPI's Board of Directors consists of former Undersecretary of Defense for Policy Eric S. Edelman, Dan Senor, Editor of The Weekly Standard William Kristol and Brookings Institution Senior Fellow Robert Kagan. The latter two were project directors of the neoconservative Project for the New American Century. Background and historyThe Foreign Policy Initiative was founded in 2009 by Weekly Standard editor Bill Kristol, Dan Senor, and Robert Kagan. It describes itself as having formed in response to foreign policy challenges facing the U.S., such as "rising and resurgent powers, including China and Russia",[8] "other autocracies that violate the rights of their citizens", "rogue states that work with each other in ways inimical to our interests and principles, and that sponsor terrorism and pursue weapons of mass destruction", "Al Qaeda and its affiliates who continue to plot attacks against the United States and our allies", and "failed states that serve as havens for terrorists and criminals and spread instability to their neighbors."[9] Since its foundation, the Foreign Policy Initiative has advocated for the troop surge in the Afghanistan War[10][11] and "direct military strikes" in Syria.[12] Chris Griffin, a former Legislative Director of Connecticut Senator Joe Lieberman, was hired as Executive Director in early 2013. He replaced Jamie Fly, who served as Director for the organization's first four years and left to become an adviser for Florida Senator Marco Rubio.[13] IssuesDemocracy and human rightsIn response to what has become known as "Arab Spring", FPI has emphasized to U.S. policymakers that long-standing authoritarian rule in the Middle East and North Africa have created stagnant political and economic systems that are corrupt, oppress political dissidents, create unemployment and fuel anti-American sentiment. FPI's policy solution was the long-term success of democratic and economic reform, specifically the promotion of human rights and democracy.[14] Foreign affairsIn an interview with Foreign Policy In Focus, Robert Kagan iterated FPI's position toward Iran, saying, "It is time to take military action against the Iranian government elements that support terrorism and its nuclear program. More diplomacy is not an adequate response."[15] On Fox News, Griffin described what would be a "good deal" for the U.S., with regards to Iran. Iran would comply with longstanding demands from the United States, IAEA, and UN Security Council, freeze its nuclear program, and ratify the additional protocol to IAEA safeguards agreement. Griffin also said that Iran has 7,000 kg of 3.5% "low-enriched uranium," which amounts to 70 percent progress toward having a nuclear weapon. He also called out Iran to stop building and disable the heavy water nuclear reactor at Arak, which is a basis for building a plutonium-based nuclear weapon.[16] According to Executive Director Christopher Griffin, Russia's intervention in the Crimean Peninsula is part of a trend that has resulted "in an absence of American leadership"[17] and that "'global pressure' against the American-led international order is intensifying."[18] On NBC Nightly News on April 10, 2013, Griffin noted, "What North Korea teaches us is that once a rogue regime has a nuclear weapon, we have not figured out how to reliably contain it, how to protect Americans, or how to protect our allies."[19] FPI has also called for the U.S. Department of Defense to cancel a $572 million contract with Rosoboronexport, Russia's government-owned arms exporter.[20] FPI proposed an active U.S. role in Syria. In 2012, Slate Magazine wrote, "The most forward-looking part of the FPI's conference came when the French philosopher Bernard-Henri Levy chatted with Sen. John McCain (a PNAC signatory and contributing writer). They quickly agreed that America needed to intervene in Syria, setting up a partial no-fly zone and arming rebels."[21] FPI advocated using Patriot missile-defense batteries, with Executive Director Griffin noting, "The United States and our allies could use the Patriot missile-defence batteries now deployed in southern Turkey to establish a credible threat against Assad's air power over parts of Aleppo and Idlib provinces [in northern Syria]."[22] National securityIn 2013, FPI has publicly circulated an open letter, signed by former National Security Adviser Stephen Hadley and former Sen. Joe Lieberman, opposing automatic cuts in defense spending.[23] FPI cited the findings of a bipartisan panel on U.S. military readiness, which has opposed automatic defense cuts. FPI advocated for a full missile defense system and elimination of automatic defense cuts.[24] PersonnelBoard of Directors
Bibliography of works on Foreign Policy Initiative (FPI){{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
}} See also
References1. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/06/a-right-leaning-foreign-policy-shuts-down/532311/|title=A Right-Leaning Foreign-Policy Think Tank Shuts Down|last=Gray|first=Rosie|work=The Atlantic|access-date=2017-09-26|language=en-US}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001041917/http://www.foreignpolicyi.org:80/content/thank-you-fpi|title=Thank You from FPI {{!}} Foreign Policy Initiative|last=Initiative|first=The Foreign Policy|language=en|access-date=20 December 2018}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=2012 Foreign Policy Initiative Forum|url=http://breakingdefense.com/events/2012-fpi-forum/|publisher=Breaking Defense|accessdate=22 November 2013}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Mission Statement|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916004536/http://www.foreignpolicyi.org:80/about|publisher=Foreign Policy Initiative|accessdate=20 December 2018}} 5. ^{{cite news|last=Rogin|first=Josh|title=Lieberman staffer to head Foreign Policy Initiative|url=http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2013/01/22/lieberman_staffer_to_head_foreign_policy_initiative|newspaper=Foreign Policy|date=January 22, 2013}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.foreignpolicyi.org/publications|title = Publications|accessdate = 26 March 2014|publisher = The Foreign Policy Initiative|location = Washington, D.C.}} 7. ^{{cite|url=http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/1039265.pdf|title=Think Tanks and Influence on US Foreign Policy: The People and the Ideas|author=Peter M. Little|year=2016|publisher=School of Advanced Military Studies}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Foreign Policy Initiative|url=http://www.rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/Foreign_Policy_Initiative#_ednref6|publisher=Right Web|accessdate=22 November 2013}} 9. ^{{cite web | title= Mission Statement | publisher= Foreign Policy Initiative | url =https://web.archive.org/web/20170916004536/http://www.foreignpolicyi.org:80/about|accessdate=20 December 2018}} 10. ^{{cite news|last=Dreazan|first=Yochi J.|title=Call for an Afghan Surge|url=https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB125302644252312177|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|date=September 17, 2009}} 11. ^{{cite news|title=The neocons return|url=http://www.reformer.com/ci_13424412|newspaper=Brattleboro Reformer|date=September 26, 2009}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=Foreign Policy Experts Urge President Obama to Respond to Assad's Chemical Attack|url=http://www.foreignpolicyi.org/content/foreign-policy-experts-urge-president-obama-respond-assads-chemical-attack|publisher=Foreign Policy Initiative|date=August 27, 2013}} {{dead link|date=December 2018}} 13. ^{{cite news|last=Warren|first=Michael|title=Lieberman Aide Heading to Foreign Policy Initiative|url=http://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/lieberman-aide-heading-foreign-policy-initiative_697473.html|newspaper=The Weekly Standard|date=January 22, 2013}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.foreignpolicyi.org/files/uploads/images/20130129-FPI%20Briefing%20Book-Foreign%20Policy%202013.pdf|title=Foreign Policy 2013|accessdate=26 March 2014|publisher=Foreign Policy Initiative|location=Washington, D.C.|page=7}} {{dead link|date=December 2018}} 15. ^{{cite journal|title=The Dogs of War Are Barking|date=5 November 2012|last=Goulka|first=Jeremiah|journal=Foreign Policy in Focus|department=Regions: Middle East & North Africa|issn=1524-1939}} 16. ^{{cite news|title=Will reducing sanctions on Iran make the US vulnerable?|date=11 November 2013|url=http://video.foxnews.com/v/2828615566001/will-reducing-sanctions-on-iran-make-the-us-vulnerable--/#sp=show-clips|publisher=Fox News|accessdate=26 March 2014|type=Video}} 17. ^{{cite news|title=Washington: 6 Things the White House Can Do Immediately Regarding the Russia–Ukraine Conflict|date=6 March 2014|publisher=Plus Media Solutions|newspaper=US Official News|undefined=}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.caintv.com/lerner-says-she-doesnt-want-to|title=Daily News Briefing: Lerner says she doesn't want to testify because she's getting 'death threats'|date=|website=Best of Cain|last=Barrow|first=Clark|accessdate=25 March 2014}} 19. ^"Transcript For April 10, 2013, NBC". NBC Nightly News (New York, NY: National Broadcasting Co. Inc.). 10 April 2013. Transcript accessed 26 March 2014 on Nexis. 20. ^{{cite news|title=The US-Russia Military Supply Chain Could Snap|date=20 March 2014|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/us-russia-military-supply-chain-214000426.html|last=Homan|first=Timothy R.|newspaper=The Fiscal Times|accessdate=26 March 2014|others=Republished by Yahoo Finance}} 21. ^{{cite news|title=Austerity, R.I.P.|date=28 November 2012|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2012/11/end_of_austerity_for_republicans_foreign_policy_initiative_meeting_rediscovers.html|last=Weigel|first=David|newspaper=Slate Magazine|accessdate=25 March 2014|location=New York, NY}} 22. ^{{Cite news|title=What are America’s options for intervention in Syria?|date=6 May 2013|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/what-are-americas-options-for-intervention-in-syria/article11742867/|last=Martin|first=Patrick|newspaper=The Globe and Mail|location=Toronto, Canada|accessdate=25 March 2014}} 23. ^{{cite news|title=On the Move: March 2, 2013|date=28 February 2013|last=Snow Hopkins|first=Christopher|last2=Magner|first2=Mike|newspaper=The National Journal|location=Washington, D.C.}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.foreignpolicyi.org/files/uploads/images/20130129-FPI%20Briefing%20Book-Foreign%20Policy%202013.pdf|title=Foreign Policy 2013|accessdate=26 March 2014|publisher=Foreign Policy Initiative|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=19–20}} 25. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|title=DIRECTORS AND STAFF|url=http://www.foreignpolicyi.org/about/staff|publisher=The Foreign Policy Initiative|accessdate=28 September 2015}} {{dead link|date=December 2018}} External links
4 : Foreign policy and strategy think tanks in the United States|Think tanks established in 2009|Charities based in Washington, D.C.|Think tanks disestablished in 2017 |
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