| 词条 | Fort Belknap (Texas) | |||||
| 释义 |
| name = Fort Belknap | nrhp_type = nhl | image = Fort Belknap Colonel Young.jpg | caption = Colonel William C. Young Texas Historical Marker at Fort Belknap: The gift shop/museum is in the background. | nearest_city = Newcastle, Texas | coordinates = {{coord|33|9|2.79|N|98|44|28.36|W|display=inline,title}} | locmapin = Texas#USA | map_label = Fort Belknap | locmap_relief = yes | area = {{convert|15.3|acre}} | built = June 24, 1851 | architect = | architecture = | designated_nrhp_type = December 19, 1960[1] | added = October 15, 1966 | refnum = 66000824[2] }}Fort Belknap, located near Newcastle, Texas, was established in November 1851[3] by brevet Brigadier William G. Belknap to protect the Texas frontier against raids by the Kiowa and Comanche. It was the northernmost fort in a line from the Rio Grande to the Red River. The fort functioned as a base of operations rather than as a fortified point, and it became the center of a substantial network of roads, including the Butterfield Overland Mail. The fort was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960, in recognition of its key role in securing the Texas frontier in the 1850s and 1860s.[4] Other forts in the frontier fort system were Forts Griffin, Concho, Richardson, Chadbourne, Stockton, Davis, Bliss, McKavett, Clark, McIntosh, Inge, and Phantom Hill in Texas, and Sill in Oklahoma.[5] Subposts or intermediate stations also were used, including Bothwick's Station on Salt Creek between Fort Richardson and Fort Belknap, Camp Wichita near Buffalo Springs between Fort Richardson and Red River Station, and Mountain Pass between Fort Concho and Fort Griffin.[3] Some notable officers who were stationed at Fort Belknap include Captain Randolph B. Marcy and Lieutenant George B. McClellan. Together, the officers explored the Canadian River and found the headwaters of the Red River. The Second Cavalry was headquartered here in 1858.[7]{{rp|210}} Prior to the outbreak of the American Civil War, the post was abandoned, partly as a pullback of federal troops to the north, and partly due to the fort's unreliable water supply. "Northern indians fell upon the hapless Texas frontier with such violence that a whole tier of frontier counties was disbanded..."[6]{{rp|291}} Families remaining in Young County "huddled in the abandoned buildings of Fort Belknap" and "during snow storms sought shelter in the abandoned buildings."[6]{{rp|291}} The fort was briefly reoccupied in 1867, then abandoned for the last time.[7] The fort was gradually dismantled for building materials, so that by 1936, only the magazine and part of the cornhouse remained. Beginning with the Texas Centennial, portions of the fort were rebuilt and restored, mostly on their original foundations. The fort is home to the Fort Belknap Archives, which house records from North Texas.[8] GallerySee also{{Portal|NRHP|Texas}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=630&ResourceType=Building|title=Fort Belknap |accessdate=2008-06-25|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service}} {{commons category|Fort Belknap (Newcastle, Texas)|Fort Belknap}}{{National Register of Historic Places in Texas}}{{Butterfield6}}{{Young County, Texas}}2. ^{{NRISref|version=2010a}} 3. ^1 Carter, R.G., On the Border with Mackenzie, 1935, Washington D.C.: Enyon Printing Co., p. 49 4. ^{{cite web|url={{NHLS url|66000824}}|title=NHL nomination for Fort Belknap|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2018-01-03}} 5. ^Carter, R.G., On the Border with Mackenzie, 1935, Washington D.C.: Enyon Printing Co., p. 48 6. ^1 2 Neighbours, K.F., 1975, Robert Neighbors and the Texas Frontier, 1836-1859, Waco: Texian Press 7. ^{{citation|author=Kenneth F. Neighbours,|title=FORT BELKNAP|work=Handbook of Texas Online|publisher=Texas State Historical Association| url=http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/qbf02|accessdate=1 May 2013}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/soldier/siteb31.htm |title=Fort Belknap, Texas}} 10 : Butterfield Overland Mail in Texas|Forts in Texas|National Historic Landmarks in Texas|Native American history of Texas|Buildings and structures in Young County, Texas|1851 establishments in Texas|Government buildings completed in 1851|Forts on the National Register of Historic Places in Texas|National Register of Historic Places in Young County, Texas|Stagecoach stops in the United States |
|||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。