| 词条 | Fortescue Graham |
| 释义 |
|name= Sir Fortescue Graham |image= General Sir Fortescue Graham KCB (1794 – 9 October 1880).jpg |image_size= |alt= |caption= General Sir Fortescue Graham KCB |nickname= |birth_date= 1794 |death_date= 9 October {{Death year and age|1880|1794}} |birth_place= Tintinhull, Somerset |death_place= Stonehouse, Devon |placeofburial= |allegiance= United Kingdom |branch= Royal Marines |serviceyears= 1808–1870 |rank= General |servicenumber= |unit= |commands= |battles= Napoleonic Wars
First Opium War Crimean War
|awards= Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath |relations= |laterwork= }} General Sir Fortescue Graham {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KCB}} (1794 – 9 October 1880) was a senior Royal Marines officer, serving for 62 years and seeing active service in the Napoleonic, Peninsular, and War of 1812, and later in Spain, China, and the Crimea. Early lifeFortescue Graham was born in Tintinhull, Somerset, the son of Colonel Richard Graham, Royal Marines, (a descendant of the Grahams of Platten, Co. Meath), and his wife, Catherine, the daughter of Captain Philip Walsh, Royal Navy. He was educated at Martock College, Somerset.[1] Royal MarinesHe joined the Royal Marines when aged only 14, being appointed as a second lieutenant in the Chatham Division of the Royal Marines on 17 November 1808.[2] He remained in that rank for the next seventeen years, twelve of them in the artillery branch of the marines. He was with the composite battalion formed of marines of the squadron, which served with the army ashore in the Walcheren Campaign of 1809. Subsequently, he served with the 1st Battalion of Royal Marines[3] in Portugal and in the north of Spain, including the capture and defence of Castro Urdiales.[1] Graham proceeded with the 1st Battalion to America, and was present under Sir Sydney Beckwith at the attack on Norfolk and taking of Hampton, Virginia in 1814. When the brigade was broken up, Graham accompanied the battalion to Canada, and was sent in charge of a division of gunboats to attack an American battery at the head of Lake Champlain, with which he was engaged several hours. Afterwards he returned with the battalion to the coast of America, and was present at the attack and capture of Fort Peter and the town of St. Mary's, Georgia.[1] He became a first lieutenant on 6 May 1825, and after almost thirty years service as a subaltern was promoted to captain on 10 July 1837.[4] Soon after he joined the battalion of marines doing duty in Spain during the First Carlist War, and subsequently went to China, where he commanded the marine battalion in the demonstration against Nanking at the close of the First Anglo-Chinese War. He was promoted to major on 11 November[5] and lieutenant colonel on 26 November 1851,[6] and to colonel on 20 January 1854. In July–August 1854 Graham commanded a brigade of marines at the capture of Bomarsund Fortress, on the Åland Islands, during the Crimean War, and was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath in July 1855.[7] He served as the Colonel Commandant of the Portsmouth Division of Royal Marines from 1855[8] to 1857, and as Aide-de-camp to the Queen from 1854[9] to 1857. He was made a major general in 1857,[10] served as Colonel of the Plymouth Division from 1863,[11] was made a lieutenant general and a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in 1865,[12] General[13] and Colonel of the Royal Marine Artillery in 1866, and finally retired in 1870.[1][14] Personal lifeGraham was married twice; firstly in 1828 to Caroline, the daughter of George Palliser. After her death in 1859, he married Jane Mary, the daughter of Captain Lowcay, Royal Navy, and widow of Admiral William Blight, she died in 1866.[1] Graham died at his residence, 69 Durnford Street, Stonehouse, Devonshire, on 9 October 1880.[1][15] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite DNB|wstitle=Graham, Fortescue |last=Chichester |first=Henry Manners |authorlink=Henry Manners Chichester|volume=22|no-icon=1}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Graham, Fortescue}}2. ^{{Cite book|title=The Navy List |date=December 1814 |location=London |publisher=Admiralty |page=30 }} 3. ^{{Cite book |first=Paul Harris |last=Nicolas |authorlink=Paul Harris Nicolas |title=Historical Record of the Royal Marine Forces, Volume 2, 1805–1842 |location=London |publisher=Boone |year=1845 |page=272}} 4. ^{{Cite book |title=The Navy List |location=London |publisher=John Murray |date=20 June 1848 |page=62 |url=https://archive.org/details/navylist08admigoog |accessdate=12 October 2013 }} 5. ^{{London Gazette |issue=21262 |date=11 November 1851 |page=2970 }} 6. ^{{London Gazette |issue=21268 |date=28 November 1851 |page=3300 |nolink=yes }} 7. ^{{London Gazette |issue=21743 |date=10 July 1855 |page=2654 |nolink=yes }} 8. ^{{London Gazette |issue=21735 |date=26 June 1855 |page=2457 |nolink=yes }} 9. ^{{London Gazette |issue=21572 |date=14 July 1854 |page=2195 |nolink=yes }} 10. ^{{London Gazette |issue=21970 |date=24 February 1857 |page=615 |nolink=yes }} 11. ^{{London Gazette |issue=22742 |date=5 June 1863 |page=2911 |nolink=yes }} 12. ^{{London Gazette |issue=22952 |date=28 March 1865 |page=1731|nolink=yes }} 13. ^{{London Gazette |issue=23191 |date=27 November 1866 |page=6471 |nolink=yes }} 14. ^{{London Gazette |issue=23603 |date=1 April 1870 |page=2005 |nolink=yes }} 15. ^{{London Gazette |issue=24899 |date=9 November 1880 |page=5636 |nolink=yes }} 9 : 1794 births|1880 deaths|Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath|People from South Somerset (district)|Royal Marines generals|Royal Navy personnel of the Crimean War|Royal Navy personnel of the First Opium War|Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars|Royal Navy personnel of the War of 1812 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。