| 词条 | Fort Macquarie |
| 释义 |
|name=Fort Macquarie |location=Bennelong Point, Sydney |coordinates = {{coord|-33.856944|151.215278|type:landmark|display=inline,title|format=dms}} |image= |caption=Fort Macquarie c. 1870. |map_type=Australia Sydney |map_size=300 |map_caption = Location of the former fort in Greater Sydney |type=Fort |built=1817 |builder= |controlledby= |materials= |height= |used= |condition=Demolished in 1901 |ownership= |open_to_public= }} Fort Macquarie was a square castellated battlement fort built in 1798 at Bennelong Point, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, where the Sydney Opera House now stands.[1] It was demolished in 1901 to make way for the Fort Macquarie Tram Depot. HistoryA half moon battery on the east point of Bennelong Point was constructed in May 1798 when the ship HMS Supply was withdrawn from service, Lieutenant William Kent and crew were assigned to man the battery. The battery supposedly consisted of some of the guns taken from {{HMS|Supply|1759|6}}, though these were too few and too small to be of much use. Governor Lachlan Macquarie directed that a fort be built between December 1817 to February 1821 under the direction of Francis Greenway. The fort was named after Governor Macquarie. It was a square fort with circular bastions at each corner and a castellated square tower. The battery consisted of fifteen pieces of ordnance: ten 24-pounders and five 6-pounders. Three sides of the fort abutted Sydney Harbour.[1]The two-storey tower in the middle of the fort, housed a guardroom and storehouse. The tower was {{convert|27.4|m}} in circumference. A powder magazine capable of storing 350 barrels of gunpowder was constructed underneath and the tower could provide accommodation for a small military detachment of 1 officer and 18 men, with stores for the battery. A drawbridge, on the landward side, over a small channel leading to a gate beneath the tower provided entry to the fort.[1] Fort Macquarie was demolished in 1901 to make way for new electric tramway sheds named Fort Macquarie Tram Depot. Cannon disposalTwo 42 pdr ML cannon from Fort Macquarie were removed from the fort and transported to Newcastle in 1903 to form a memorial in Gregson Park, Hamilton. In 2006 they underwent a refurbishment and have been replaced back into Gregson Park.[2] References1. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.mq.edu.au/macquarie-archive/journeys/related/fortmacquarie.html |title=Fort Macquarie |work=Journeys in Time |publisher=Macquarie University |date=2009 |access-date=31 August 2017}} {{Barracks Batteries Bunkers and Forts in Sydney}}{{Australia-mil-stub}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.artillerynsw.asn.au/arty_332_1001_GregsonPk.htm |author=Rae, Vic |title=Gregson Park Cannons |publisher=Royal Australian Artillery Association (New South Wales) Inc. |date= |access-date=31 August 2017 }} 5 : History of Sydney|Forts in New South Wales|Buildings and structures in Sydney|1817 establishments in Australia|Military installations established in 1817 |
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