| 词条 | Francis Mansour Zayek |
| 释义 |
BiographyEarly lifeZayek was born in Manzanillo, Cuba, one of the eight children of Mansour Zayek and Mariam Khoury, on October 18, 1920. The family moved from Cuba back to their homeland of Lebanon in 1931, then part of the French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon and settled in their native city of Ghazir. Inspired by an uncle, Father George Zayek, the local pastor, he felt drawn to the priesthood. For much of his youth, he felt drawn to enter the Franciscan Order for service as a missionary to Asia.[2] Instead of that path, Zayek applied to the seminary of the Maronite Church in his hometown, with the approval of his local bishop, Elias Richa, the Archbishop of Baalbek. He excelled in his studies at the seminary, being fluent in Arabic as well as in French and Spanish (and later in Italian, Portuguese and English) and the archbishop decided to send him to Rome for further studies, where he continued to gain honors. He spent World War II studying at the Urban College, where he gained a diploma in philosophy. He later recounted the struggle the seminarians faced to find food in that period.[2] After graduating, he was ordained a Maronite Catholic priest in the chapel of the College on March 17, 1946.[1][2] Zayek became incardinated in Lebanon. Zayek then earned doctorates in both theology and canon law at the Lateran University. After completing his studies, Zayek was sent to Cairo, Egypt, where he was appointed by Boutros Deeb, the Maronite Archbishop of Cairo, as Rector of the Maronite Cathedral of the Holy Family there, and a judge in the Catholic tribunals of the city. He also served as an assistant to the Papal Nuncio there. He later returned to Rome where he served as a judge of the Roman Rota and as a consultant in canon law at the Pontifical Atheneum of St. Anselm and at the Lateran University.[2] BishopBrazilOn May 30, 1962, Pope John XXIII appointed Zayek to head the Maronite Apostolic Exarchate (the equivalent in the Eastern Churches of a Vicariate Apostolic) for Maronites in Brazil, the first Maronite bishop to serve outside of the Middle East. He was consecrated bishop at a ceremony held in Dimane, Lebanon, on August 5, 1962, by Mar Paul Peter Meouchi, Maronite Patriarch of Antioch, and his co-consecrators were Peter Sfair, Ordinary Bishop for Maronites in Rome, and Abdallah Nujaim, Eparch of Baalbek. The pope, in appointing him, told him, “What you Maronites have does not pertain to you alone but is part of the treasure of the Catholic Church".[2] Officially an auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Rio de Janeiro, and titular bishop of Callinicum dei Maroniti, Zayek served as bishop for the Maronites of that country until 1966.[3] Second Vatican CouncilZayek was one of the last surviving bishops who had attended all four sessions of the Second Vatican Council between 1962 and 1965 as a bishop.[1] The United StatesOn January 27, 1966, the Venerable Pope Paul VI established a similar exarchate for the United States, and transferred Zayek to serve as its first exarch. He was installed in Detroit, the seat of the exarchate, on June 11, 1966. He arrived in the United States with just a rudimentary knowledge of English, and found an unfinished cathedral and neither a residence nor offices ready for him. As he had needed to do in Brazil, he worked to unify the Maronite Catholics of the country.[2] Zayek had to face many challenges. First was the very identity of the Church. Arguments raged as to whether it was to be a transplant of Lebanese life or an American institution rooted in its Lebanese heritage. In this he remained guided by the words of Pope John. Additionally, he had to deal with the liturgical changes mandated by the Vatican Council. He had the Maronite Divine Liturgy translated into English for the first time, creating a standardized service for use in every parish of the exarchate.[2] Pope Paul elevated the exarchate to a full eparchy, or diocese, on November 29, 1971, and appointed Zayek as the first bishop of the Eparchy of St. Maron of Detroit. Zayek was installed as its first bishop on June 4, 1972. The seat of the eparchy was moved from Detroit to the Church of St. Maron in Brooklyn on 27 June 1977 and renamed the Eparchy of St. Maron of Brooklyn.[3] To honor his years of service, Pope John Paul II promoted Zayek to the personal rank of archbishop on December 10, 1982.[3] He retired on November 11, 1996, when he reached the mandatory retirement age of 75. He then moved to Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where he served at Our Lady of Lebanon Maronite Catholic Church in Miami, Florida.[1] AwardsZayek was a member of the Maronite Patriarchal Synod and received the Ellis Island Medal of Honor. DeathWhen Zayek's health began to falter in late 2009, he returned to Lebanon.[4] He died on September 14, 2010, at the age of 89, and was buried there. He was survived by his sister, Lydia, a resident of Lebanon, and his brother, Elias, a resident of Brazil.[1] TributeEparch Gregory J. Mansour, a successor, wrote in reaction to Zayek's death, "The Maronite Church in the United States is deeply indebted to the archbishop for his zealous efforts in establishing the strong, vibrant Maronite community we have today...May Archbishop Zayek share in the glory of the Cross which we celebrate this day!"[1] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|first=Ana |last=Rodriguez-Soto|title=Archbishop Francis M. Zayek, 89, Founding bishop of Maronite diocese in U.S., who retired to Fort Lauderdale| url=http://www.miamiarch.org/ip.asp?op=Article_109171602641|work=Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Miami |publisher=|date=2010-09-17|accessdate=4 January 2013}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite journal|url=http://www.stmaron.org/Maronite_Voice_for_October_2010.pdf|work=The Maronite Voice|volume=VI|issue=IX|date=October 2010|title=The Maronite Church in the U.S. Mourns the Death of Its First Shepherd|accessdate=January 4, 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508152752/http://www.stmaron.org/Maronite_Voice_for_October_2010.pdf|archivedate=May 8, 2013|df=}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite news|first=|last=|title=Archbishop Francis Mansour Zayek|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bzayek.html |work=Catholic Hierarchy|accessdate=4 January 2013}} 4. ^{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Bishop Stika expected to fully recover from mild heart attack| url=http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/bishop_stika_expected_to_fully_recover_from_mild_heart_attack/|work=Catholic News Agency |publisher=|date=2009-08-20|accessdate=4 January 2013}} External links
19 : 1920 births|2010 deaths|People from Manzanillo, Cuba|People from Baalbek District|Lebanese Maronites|Pontifical Urbaniana University alumni|Pontifical Lateran University alumni|Lebanese Eastern Catholic bishops|Maronite Catholic bishops|20th-century Eastern Catholic archbishops|Lebanese expatriates in Brazil|Brazilian Eastern Catholic bishops|Participants in the Second Vatican Council|American Eastern Catholic bishops|Lebanese expatriates in the United States|People from Brooklyn|21st-century Eastern Catholic archbishops|People from Fort Lauderdale, Florida|Burials in Lebanon |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。