| 词条 | Franz Gräser |
| 释义 |
| name = Franz Gräser | image = Gräser Ferenc.jpg | caption = | birth_date = 26 October 1892 | death_date = {{d-da|17 May 1918|26 October 1892}} | placeofburial_label = | placeofburial = | birth_place =Nyírmada, Hungary | death_place =Treviso | placeofburial_coordinates = | nickname = | allegiance =Austro-Hungarian Empire | branch =Aviation | serviceyears = | rank =Leutnant | unit =Flik 2, Flik 32, Flik 42J, Flik 61J | commands = | battles = | awards =Order of the Iron Crown, Order of Leopold, Silver Medal for Bravery | relations = | laterwork = }} Leutnant Franz Gräser was a World War I flying ace credited with 18 aerial victories. Gräser was a technical university student in Budapest until World War I broke out. In October 1914, he enlisted in Infanterieregiment No. 72, graduated reserve officer school in mid-July 1915, and began World War I as the commander of a machine gun unit on the Russian Front.[1] After being wounded, he transferred to K.u.K, the Austro-Hungarian air service. He was commissioned as an officer and assigned to observer duties in the rear seat of a reconnaissance aircraft in Flik 2. His skill with machine guns helped him to his first two victories, from the rear seat,[2] on 10 February and 20 May 1917.[3] Like many observers, Gräser made the transition to becoming a pilot. Unlike just about anyone else, he did so without formal training. The feldwebel pilot who coached him thought he was a natural, but he never received any official training. Without ever being licensed as a pilot, Gräser began flying an Albatros D.III fighter for Flik 42J[4] beginning in September 1917.[5] His personal insignia of an owl on his plane was based in Baltic culture; an owl was considered a sign of death.[6] By the end of 1917, his score stood at 11, with number 11 being claimed on 5 December 1917.[7] He resumed his victory roll on 26 January 1918 with Flik 61J. By the 23rd of March, he had run his total of wins up to 18 confirmed and one unconfirmed.[8] Most of his victories were over Italian pilots,[9] and his range of victims was wide; seaplanes, fighters, recon two-seaters, and balloons all fell before his guns.[10] On 17 May 1918,[11] Gräser flew an escort mission, and was shot down in flames by several Italian aces, including Guido Nardini, Francesco Baracca, Antonio Chiri, Cesare Magistrini, and Gastone Novelli.[12][13] Sources of information1. ^{{cite book |title=Austro-Hungarian Aces of World War 1 |page= 67 }} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.swwisa.net/kuklft/aces.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2008-10-30 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015223125/http://www.swwisa.net/kuklft/aces.html |archivedate=2008-10-15 |df= }} Retrieved 23 December 2009. 3. ^http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/austrhun/graser.php Retrieved on 5 April 2010. 4. ^http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/austrhun/graser.php Retrieved on 23 December 2009. 5. ^{{cite book |title=Austro-Hungarian Aces of World War 1 |page= 68 }} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.swwisa.net/kuklft/aces.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2008-10-30 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015223125/http://www.swwisa.net/kuklft/aces.html |archivedate=2008-10-15 |df= }} Retrieved 23 December 2009. 7. ^http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/austrhun/graser.php Retrieved on 23 December 2009. 8. ^http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/austrhun/graser.php Retrieved on 23 December 2009. 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.swwisa.net/kuklft/aces.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2008-10-30 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015223125/http://www.swwisa.net/kuklft/aces.html |archivedate=2008-10-15 |df= }} Retrieved 23 December 2009. 10. ^http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/austrhun/graser.php Retrieved on 23 December 2009. 11. ^http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/austrhun/graser.php Retrieved on 23 December 2009. 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.swwisa.net/kuklft/aces.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2008-10-30 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015223125/http://www.swwisa.net/kuklft/aces.html |archivedate=2008-10-15 |df= }} Retrieved 23 December 2009. 13. ^{{cite book |title=SPAD XII/XIII aces of World War I |page=25 }} See alsoList of World War I flying aces from HungaryReferences
3 : 1892 births|1918 deaths|Austro-Hungarian World War I flying aces |
| 随便看 |
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。