| 词条 | François Naville |
| 释义 |
| name = François Naville | image = François Naville.jpg | image_size = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date|1883|06|14|df=y}} | birth_place = Neuchâtel, Switzerland | death_date = {{death date and age|1968|4|3|1883|6|14|df=y}} | death_place = Geneva | nationality = Switzerland | field = Medicine | work_institutions = | alma_mater = | doctoral_advisor = | doctoral_students = | known_for = | prizes = }}François Naville (14 June 1883 – 3 April 1968) was a Swiss physician, director of the medico-legal Institute of the University of Geneva, the only truly neutral expert in the international Katyn Commission investigating the Soviet Katyn massacre of some 22,000 Polish prisoners of war, mostly Polish Army officers, arrested and imprisoned in the course of the Soviet and German invasion of Poland. Their bodies were discovered in a series of large mass graves in the forest near Smolensk in Russia following the Nazi German Operation Barbarossa.[1] Katyn affair"On April 13, 1943, the German radio announced that a common grave containing the corpses of Polish officers was found in the forest of Katyn, near Smolensk. Further enquiries showed that the dead bodies were those of officers imprisoned by the Russians in autumn 1939 and about who nobody had news since Springtime 1940. The CICR refused to deal with this problem without the agreement of the Soviets. So the Germans called together a committee of international experts to examine the grave in Katyn. Prof. Francis Naville, director of the medico-legal Institute of the University of Geneva, was the only expert really neutral in that commission. He had the merit to prove quite clearly that these criminal executions were ordered by Stalin. After the Second World War, Prof. Naville was criticised for having accepted to participate to the mission to Katyn by Jean Vincent, a deputy of the Swiss labour party (communist party) who claimed that the massacre of Katyn had been done by the Germans. Prof. Naville got no support from the CICR, who “did not want to know” who was responsible in order to avoid diplomatic complications with the Soviet Union. Only in 1989 the discovery of Prof. Naville was accepted and confirmed by the Soviet authorities."[2] References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.warsawuprising.com/doc/katyn_documents1.htm |title=Commission Findings |publisher=Warsaw Uprising by Project InPosterum |work=Transcript, Smolensk 30 April 1943 |date=30 April 1943 |accessdate=15 November 2013 |author=International Katyn Commission}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Naville, Francois}}{{Switzerland-bio-stub}}2. ^Kazimierz Karbowski, Professeur François Naville (1883 - 1968): Son rôle dans l’enquête sur le massacre de Katyn, Texte élargi des conférences du 31 octobre 2002 à l’Université des aînés de langue francaiseà Berne (UNAB), ainsi que du 14 novembre 2002 à la Société d’Histoire et d’Archéologie àGenève. 4 : 1883 births|1968 deaths|Swiss physicians|Commanders of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland |
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