“French frigate Chiffone (1799)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Chiffonne was a 38-gun {{sclass-|Heureuse|frigate}} of the French Navy. She was built at Nantes and launched in 1799. The British Royal Navy captured her in 1801. In 1809 she participated in a campaign against pirates in the Persian Gulf. She was sold for breaking up in 1814.

French service

On 11 July 1801, Chiffone, under the command of Captain Pierre Guiyesse arrived at Mahé, Seychelles from the port of St Nazaire with 33 deportees under sentence of exile from France. The exiles had been involved in the Plot of the Rue Saint-Nicaise against Napoleon.^[2]

On 15 May, off Brazil, she captured a Portuguese schooner. Three days later she captured the Brazilian frigate Hirondelle, armed en flute. Hirondelle (or possibly Andorhina) was armed with twenty-four 24-pounder carronades and put up a short fight. Guiyesse had her guns thrown overboard, took her stores (cables, spare rigging and sails), and then released her officers and crew under parole.^[2]

On 16 June, Chiffone captured the East Indiaman Bellona on her way from Bengal to London. In taking Bellone, Chiffone had her mizzen mast crippled. A prize crew under Ensign Jean-Michel Mahé took Bellona to Mauritius where she arrived a month later.^[2]^[3]

On 19 August HMS Sibylle, Captain Charles Adam, chased her off Mahé, Seychelles. At the time of the British attack Chiffone was at anchor and aided her defense by constructing a battery using some of her forecastle guns and heating the shot.^[2] Her captain, Commander Guiyesse, attempted to avoid capture by beaching Chiffonne, but the British captured her the next day. She had lost 23 men killed and 30 wounded; Sybille lost two men killed and one wounded.^[2] She was brought into British service as HMS Chiffonne. When Adams arrived in Madras with his prize the insurance company there presented him with a sword worth guineas, while the merchants of Calcutta later too presented him with a sword and a piece of plate.^[4]

British service

The British commissioned Chiffone in 1802 in the East Indies under Captain Henry Stuart.^[1] In July 1802 she carried despatches to Calcutta with the reports of the murder of the Persian ambassador Haji Khalil Khan in Bombay. She returned to England and was fitted at Woolwich in 1803. Captain Charles Adam (late of Sibylle) took command of Chiffone on 23 May 1803 and recommissioned her for service in the North Sea and the coast of Spain, where she served from 1803 to 1807.^[4]

On 5 August 1803 Chiffone, {{HMS|Ethalion|1802|2}} and {{HMS|Cruizer|1797|2}} captured Flore.^[5] The same three vessels shared the salvage money arising from the recapture on the same day of Margaret, Robert Lacs, master.^[6]

The next day Chiffonne and Ethalion captured John, of Workington.^[7] Then on 20 June Chiffonne captured Zeeluft.^[8] In October Chiffone was under the command of Captain Patrick Campbell, perhaps temporarily.^[1]

On 10 June 1804, Chiffone and consorts engaged French gunboats. Then on 20 June Chiffonne captured another Zeeluft, or at least a vessel by that name and with a different master than that of the previous year. Chiffonne was in company with {{HMS|Falcon|1802|2}}, {{HMS|Clinker|1804|2}}, {{HMS|Steady|1804|2}}, and the hired armed cutter {{ship|Hired armed cutter|Frances||2}}.^[9]

On 10 June 1805, Chiffone, with Falcon, Clinker, and Frances chased a French convoy for nine hours until it took shelter under the guns of Fécamp. The convoy consisted of two corvettes (Foudre under Capitaine de vaisseau Jacques-Felix-Emmanuel Hemelin, and Audacieuse, under Lieutenant Dominique Roquebert), four large gunvessels and eight others, and 14 transports. The British suffered some casualties from gunfire from shore batteries, with Chiffone, which had borne the brunt of the firing, losing two men killed and three wounded.^[10]

In May 1806 Chiffone was under the command of John Wainwright.^[1] On 14 June Chiffone, which had returned to Portsmouth, sailed for Cadiz, carrying General Sir John Moore and Admiral Purvis, who had raised his flag on her. At Cadiz Purvis transferred his flag to {{HMS|Minotaur|1793|2}} and Chiffone proceeded to Gibraltar. From there, on 5 July, she sailed to Messina in company with {{HMS|Active|1799|2}}, {{HMS|Racehorse|1806|2}}, and nineteen transports, supply vessels and merchant vessels, arriving on 7 August.^[11]

At some point in early 1807, boats from Chiffone and {{HMS|Sabrina|1806|2}} cut out a brig and a schooner under the guns of a 4-gun battery on the south coast of Spain.^[12]

She sailed for the East Indies in May 1808. About a year and a half later, on 13 September 1809, Chiffone was in the port of Bombay when the ship Ardaseer caught fire. Mr. Kempt, the chief officer hailed the warships around her for help, and Wainright responded with 100 men, buckets, and an "engine". Despite their efforts, those of the crew, and those of men from the other British warships in the port, Ardaseer could not be saved.^[13]

Then in November, she and {{HMS|Caroline|1795|2}}, together with a number of East Indiamen, participated in the campaign to eradicate piracy in the Persian Gulf, centered on Ras al-Khaimah. In an attack the British began with a cannonade of the town and followed with a ground attack. The destroyed about some vessels, 30 of them very large dhows, together with much in the way of naval stores. Chiffonne{{'}}s casualties amounted to two men wounded.^[14] She and Caroline destroyed the Persian towns of Linga and Laft on Qeshm Island. Chiffone also destroyed 20 vessels, nine of them large dhows at Linga and eleven, nine of them large dhows, at Laft. This time the resistance on shore was more intense and Chiffone lost one man killed and 17 wounded out of total British casualties (including men from the East India Company's vessels), of two killed and 27 wounded.^[15]

In January 1810 Chiffonne and Caroline carried Shenaz, which had rebelled against Sultan Sa'id of Oman and which they restored to him. Syyed Sa'id presented Wainwright with a scimitar in recognition of his efforts against the pirates. In November, Chiffonne rescued the crew of {{HMS|Mandarin|1810|2}}, which had wrecked on Red Island, near Singapore.^[16]^[17]

Fate

The Principal Officers and Commissioners of His Majesty's Navy offered "Chiffonne, of 36 guns and 945 tons", lying at Portsmouth, for sale on 11 August 1814. The buyer had to post a bond of £3,000, with two guarantors, that they would break up the vessel within a year of purchase.^[18] She was sold for breaking up for £1,700 at Portsmouth on 1 September 1814.^[1]

Citations

1. ^¹²³⁴⁵Winfield (2008), p.210.
2. ^¹²³⁴{{London Gazette|pages=165–166|issue=15454|date=16 February 1802}}
3. ^{{cite book| first = Danielle et Bernard| last = Quintin| year = 2003| chapter =| title = Dictionnaire des capitaines de Vaisseau de Napoléon| isbn = 2-901952-42-9| oclc =| pages = 254| publisher = S.P.M.}}
4. ^¹Conolly (1866), p.2-3.
5. ^{{London Gazette|page=288|issue=15681|date=6 March 1804}}
6. ^{{London Gazette|date=15 May 1804|issue=15702|page=628}}
7. ^{{London Gazette|page=878|issue=15720|date=17 July 1804}}
8. ^{{London Gazette|page=96|issue=15773|date=19 January 1805}}
9. ^{{London Gazette|page=1600|issue=15874|date=21 December 1805}}
10. ^James (1837), Vol. 3, pp.307-8.
11. ^Moore (1904), pp.120-2.
12. ^O'Byrne (1849), p.197.
13. ^Naval Chronicle, Vol. 23, (January–July 1810), pp.279-80.
14. ^{{London Gazette|pages=1022–1023|issue=16386|date=10 July 1810}}
15. ^{{London Gazette|pages=1023–1024|issue=16386|date=10 July 1810}}
16. ^O'Byrne (1849), p.579.
17. ^Hepper (1994), p.134.
18. ^{{London Gazette|date=26 July 1814|issue=16920|page=1510}}

French service

British service

Fate

Citations

References

External links