| 词条 | Jack Wisdom |
| 释义 |
|name = Jack Wisdom |image = |image_size = |caption = |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1953|1|28}} |birth_place = Lubbock, Texas |death_date = |death_place = |nationality = American |fields = Planetary Science |workplaces = Massachusetts Institute of Technology |alma_mater = Caltech (Ph.D., 1981) Rice University (B.S., 1976) |doctoral_advisor = Peter Goldreich[1] |academic_advisors = |doctoral_students = |notable_students = |known_for = |influences = |influenced = |awards = |signature = |footnotes = }} Jack Wisdom (born 1953) is a Professor of Planetary Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He received his B.S. from Rice University in 1976 and his Ph.D. from California Institute of Technology in 1981. His research interests are the dynamics of the Solar System. Wisdom pioneered the study of chaos in the solar system. His 1981 dissertation demonstrated for the first time the theoretical reason for the clearing of the Kirkwood gaps in the asteroid belt.[2][3][4] His work has also brought to light the chaotic rotation of Hyperion,[5] chaos in the orbital evolution of Pluto,[6] and the chaotic obliquity of Mars[7] which has important implications for the past Martian climate. Work with colleague Gerald Sussman using a specially-built computer demonstrated that the solar system as a whole is chaotic on a timescale of about four million years,[8] confirming results from Jacques Laskar.[9] This work was responsible for "shattering the long-held view of the clockwork motion of the planets."[4] More recently, Wisdom's work has shed light on the complex evolution of the Moon[10][11] and the tidal heating and dynamics of Enceladus.[12][13]
In addition, Wisdom is credited with developing "numerous analytical and numerical techniques" that are fundamental to modern celestial mechanics,[4] most notably the symplectic map for the n-body problem (developed together with Matthew J. Holman),[14] which "now forms the core of nearly every solar system dynamics integration scheme in use today."[4] Jack Wisdom is co-author of Structure and Interpretation of Classical Mechanics. His 2003 paper in Science[15] on a new geometric phase effect which Wisdom calls "spacetime swimming" has attracted considerable attention, although it is not yet clear whether this effect has practical utility or even can be used to devise new tests of relativistic gravitation theories. Awards and honors
External links
References1. ^{{MathGenealogy|id=84647}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Wisdom, Jack}}2. ^{{cite journal | author= Jack Wisdom | title= The origin of the Kirkwood gaps - A mapping for asteroidal motion near the 3/1 commensurability | journal= Astronomical Journal | date= 1982 | volume= 87 | pages= 577–593 | bibcode=1982AJ.....87..577W | doi= 10.1086/113132}} 3. ^{{cite journal | author= Jack Wisdom | title= Chaotic behavior and the origin of the 3/1 Kirkwood gap | journal= Icarus | date= 1983 | volume= 56 | issue= 1 | pages= 51–74 | bibcode=1983Icar...56...51W | doi= 10.1016/0019-1035(83)90127-6| citeseerx= 10.1.1.394.2691 }} 4. ^1 2 3 2001 Brouwer Award Citation, AAS DDA 5. ^{{cite journal |author1=Jack Wisdom |author2=S.J. Peale |author3=F. Mignard | title= The chaotic rotation of Hyperion | journal= Icarus | date= 1984 | volume= 58 | issue= 2 | pages= 137–152 | bibcode=1984Icar...58..137W | doi= 10.1016/0019-1035(84)90032-0|citeseerx=10.1.1.394.2728 }} 6. ^{{cite journal |author1=Gerald Sussman |author2=Jack Wisdom | title= Numerical evidence that the motion of Pluto is chaotic | journal= Science | date= 1988 | volume= 241 | pages= 433–437 | bibcode=1988Sci...241..433S | doi= 10.1126/science.241.4864.433 | pmid= 17792606 | issue= 4864}} 7. ^{{cite journal |author1=Jihad Touma |author2=Jack Wisdom | title= The Chaotic Obliquity of Mars | journal= Science | date= 1993 | volume= 259 | pages= 1294–1297 | bibcode=1993Sci...259.1294T | doi= 10.1126/science.259.5099.1294 | pmid= 17732249 | issue= 5099}} 8. ^{{cite journal |author1=Gerald Sussman |author2=Jack Wisdom | title= Chaotic Evolution of the Solar System | journal= Science | date= 1992 | volume= 257 | pages= 56–62 | bibcode=1992Sci...257...56S | doi= 10.1126/science.257.5066.56 | pmid= 17800710 | issue= 5066| url=http://www.dtic.mil/get-tr-doc/pdf?AD=ADA260055}} 9. ^{{cite journal | author= Jacques Laskar | title= A numerical experiment on the chaotic behaviour of the solar system | journal= Nature | date= 1989 | volume= 338 | issue= 6212 | pages= 237–8 | bibcode=1989Natur.338..237L | doi= 10.1038/338237a0}} 10. ^{{cite journal |author1=Jihad Touma |author2=Jack Wisdom | title= Resonances in the Early Evolution of the Earth-Moon System | journal= Astronomical Journal | date= 1992 | volume= 115 | issue= 4 | pages= 1653–1663 | bibcode=1998AJ....115.1653T | doi= 10.1086/300312}} 11. ^{{cite journal | author= Jack Wisdom | title= Dynamics of the Lunar Spin Axis | journal= Astronomical Journal | date= 2006 | volume= 131 | issue= 3 | pages= 1864–1871 | bibcode=2006AJ....131.1864W | doi= 10.1086/499581}} 12. ^{{cite journal |author1=Jennifer Meyer |author2=Jack Wisdom | title= Tidal Heating in Enceladus | journal= Icarus | date= 2007 | volume= 188 | issue= 2 | pages= 535–539 | bibcode=2007Icar..188..535M | doi= 10.1016/j.icarus.2007.03.001|citeseerx=10.1.1.142.9123 }} 13. ^{{cite journal |author1=Jennifer Meyer |author2=Jack Wisdom | title= Tidal Evolution of Mimas, Enceladus, and Dione | journal= Icarus | date= 2008 | volume= 193 | issue= 1 | pages= 213–223 | bibcode=2008Icar..193..213M | doi= 10.1016/j.icarus.2007.09.008}} 14. ^{{cite journal |author1=Jack Wisdom |author2=Matthew Holman | title= Symplectic maps for the n-body problem | journal= Astronomical Journal | date= 1991 | volume= 102 | pages= 1528–1538 | bibcode=1991AJ....102.1528W | doi= 10.1086/115978}} 15. ^{{cite journal | author=Wisdom, Jack |title = Swimming in spacetime: motion by cyclic changes in body shape| journal=Science| volume=299| date=2003| pages=1865–1869| doi=10.1126/science.1081406 |pmid = 12610230 | issue=5614|bibcode = 2003Sci...299.1865W }} 16. ^{{Citation | last1 = Andersen | first1 = P. H. | title = Jack Wisdom received the 1987 Warner Prize of the American Astronomical Society. | year = 1988 | journal = Physics Today | volume = 41 | issue = 11 | pages = 99–104| bibcode = 1988PhT....41k.102A | doi = 10.1063/1.2811630 }} 9 : Living people|MacArthur Fellows|American astronomers|Planetary scientists|Rice University alumni|California Institute of Technology alumni|Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty|1953 births|Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences |
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