词条 | Fundamenta Botanica |
释义 |
This book states, for the first time, Linnaeus's ideas for the reformation of botanical taxonomy. The first edition is dated 1736 but it was released on 14 September 1735 (Linnaeus wrote in his personal copy “Typus absolutus 1735, Sept. 3”).[2] The full title was Fundamenta Botanica, quae Majorum Operum Prodromi instar Theoriam Scientiae Botanices by breves Aphorismos tradunt. The first edition was dedicated to Olof Rudbeck, Lorenz Heister, Adriaan van Royen, Johann Jacob Dillen, Antoine de Jussieu, Giulio Pontedera, Johann Amman, Johannes Burman, Pierre Magnol and Giuseppe Monti. A second edition was published in Stockholm in 1740 and a third in Amsterdam in 1741. The publication of this work as well as Genera Plantarum and Systema Naturae was encouraged by Herman Boerhaave who had been Linnaeus's teacher. The Fundamenta in combination with the Critica Botanica lays Linnaeus's foundations for his system of nomenclature, classification and botanical terminology that were later reviewed and expanded in the Philosophia Botanica (1751). He does this by means of 365 Aphorisms (principles) arranged into 12 chapters: Table of contentsFundamenta aphorisms I. Bibliotheca (library), Aphorismen 1–52 II. Systemata (systematics), 53–77 III. Plantae (plants), 78–85 IV. Fructificatio (fruit carrier), 86–131 V. Sexus (sex), 132–150 VI. Characteres (characterisation), 151–209 VII. Nouns (names), 210–255 VIII. Differentiae (distinction), 256–305 IX. Varietates (Varieties), 306–317 X. Synonyms (synonyms), 318–324 XI. Adumbrationes (description), 325–335 XII. Vires (forces), 336–365 Bibliographic detailsFull bibliographic details including exact dates of publication, pagination, editions, facsimiles, brief outline of contents, location of copies, secondary sources, translations, reprints, manuscripts, travelogues, and commentaries are given in Stafleu and Cowan's Taxonomic Literature.[3] References1. ^A full scan of ed. 1 of Fundamenta Botanica 2. ^Stafleu, Frans A. 1971. Linnaeus and the Linnaeans: the Spreading of their Ideas in Systematic Botany, 1735–1789. Utrecht: International Association for Plant Taxonomy. {{ISBN|90-6046-064-2}}. p. 29. 3. ^Stafleu & Cowan, p. 75. Bibliography
6 : 1736 books|Botanical nomenclature|Florae (publication)|Botany books|Carl Linnaeus|1736 in science |
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