| 词条 | Fénix capsules | ||
| 释义 |
The Fénix capsules were three metallic containers that were used for the rescue of 33 trapped miners after the 2010 Copiapó mining accident,[1] and are an enhanced version of the Dahlbusch Bomb. The capsules were constructed by Astilleros y Maestranzas de la Armada Chilena (ASMAR), (Shipyards and Arsenals of the Chilean Navy), who named it Fénix (Phoenix). DescriptionThe Fénix capsules were designed by the Chilean Navy, in collaboration with the United States space agency NASA. They have a diameter of {{convert|54|cm|in|0}}, and have eight wheels located on the top and the bottom, with a damping system for mobility in the pipeline. The Fénix capsules have a harness to hold the occupant, an oxygen supply, and a microphone with speakers, which were used to connect the miners with the rescuers at the surface during the rescue. Officially, three prototypes of the capsule were created. The Fénix 1 had a larger diameter than the other two capsules and was used in tests in the shaft created by the T-130 drill, where it descended to a depth of {{convert|610|m|ft}}.[2] Fénix 2 was operated with an Austrian pulley system and was used throughout the rescue of the miners. Fénix 3 was held in reserve and not used. The Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean Navy, Admiral Edmundo González Robles said that ASMAR had also constructed a fourth capsule, that was not taken to Copiapó, and that the Fénix capsules were going to be patented.[3] Several major online news media organizations produced illustrations of the basic Fénix design.[4][5] Capsule after the rescueAfter the rescue, possession of the Fenix 2 was the subject of a dispute between the Government of Chile, ASMAR and the Municipality of Copiapó.[6] The Government announced a tour of the capsule all over the country,[7] starting with its exhibition in the Plaza de la Constitución in Santiago, the capital of Chile.[8] Fénix 1 was exhibited at Expo Shanghai 2010.[9] One of the capsules is currently on display at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C. for a special exhibition titled "Against All Odds: Rescue at the Chilean Mine", which began on August 5, 2011.[10]Auction experts estimate that the Fénix 2 could be worth up to US$1 million. The senior valuer for auctioneers Dominic Winter in Gloucestershire, England said "The capsule is a 21st-century icon and symbolizes many things including the triumph of hope and the human spirit over adversity, teamwork and technology over nature and the myriad of uplifting stories of the 33 miners and their families. The capsule will be recognized by the whole world for decades to come and would be a major tourist attraction for any science or popular culture museum, which is its most logical home."[11] The Fénix 2 capsule went on display at the Atacama Regional Museum in Copiapó from August 3, 2011.[12] On February 11, 2012 the capsule was put on display at the Science Museum, London, to be displayed until May 13.[13] A replica of the Fénix 2 was given to the city of Canberra by the government of Chile in 2011 and erected opposite the Australian National University's student offices.[14] See also
References1. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.elmundo.es/america/2010/10/12/noticias/1286917669.html |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EpPgXWM8?url=http://www.elmundo.es/america/2010/10/12/noticias/1286917669.html |archivedate=2 March 2013 |deadurl=no |title=Fénix, la cápsula metálica en la que saldrán los mineros |date=October 12, 2010 |work=El Mundo |language=Spanish |accessdate=October 27, 2010 |location=Spain |df= }} 2. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.lanacion.cl/apuestan-a-iniciar-rescate-a-las-00-00-horas-del-miercoles/noticias/2010-10-11/121519.html |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EpPf19Kd?url=http://www.lanacion.cl/apuestan-a-iniciar-rescate-a-las-00-00-horas-del-miercoles/noticias/2010-10-11/121519.html |archivedate=2 March 2013 |deadurl=yes |title=Apuestan a iniciar el rescate a las 00:00 del miércoles |publisher=La Nación (Chile) |date=October 10, 2010 |accessdate=October 27, 2010 |df= }} 3. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.emol.com/noticias/nacional/detalle/detallenoticias.asp?idnoticia=442373 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EpQxBDI3?url=http://www.emol.com/noticias/nacional/2010/10/19/442373/la-armada-patentara-capsula-fenix-que-rescato-a-los-33-mineros.html |archivedate=2 March 2013 |deadurl=no |title=La Armada patentará cápsula Fénix que rescató a los 33 mineros |publisher=El Mercurio OnLine |date=October 19, 2010 |language=Spanish |accessdate=October 27, 2010 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/meta/search/imageDetail?format=plain&source=http%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2Fimages%2FInternational%2F41eb84ca39dc4a2d824e02173f1ac0f9|archive-url=https://archive.is/20110628223204/http://abcnews.go.com/meta/search/imageDetail?format=plain&source=http://abcnews.go.com/images/International/41eb84ca39dc4a2d824e02173f1ac0f9|dead-url=yes|archive-date=28 June 2011|title=Fenix 2 Rescue Capsule, side view, opened|work=ABC News|quote=Online Graphic|accessdate=14 September 2010|date=14 September 2010}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/meta/search/imageDetail?format=plain&source=http%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2Fimages%2FBusiness%2F3b7bc91554324d38aec4208ee4964c47|archive-url=https://archive.is/20110628223213/http://abcnews.go.com/meta/search/imageDetail?format=plain&source=http://abcnews.go.com/images/Business/3b7bc91554324d38aec4208ee4964c47|dead-url=yes|archive-date=28 June 2011|title=Fenix 2 Rescue Capsule, top view, opened|work=ABC News|quote=Online Graphic|accessdate=14 September 2010|date=14 September 2010}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.cnnchile.com/nacional/2010/10/16/disputa-por-la-fenix-2/|title=Disputa por la Fénix 2|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708172457/http://www.cnnchile.com/nacional/2010/10/16/disputa-por-la-fenix-2/|archivedate=8 July 2011|deadurl=yes|publisher=CNN Chile|date=October 16, 2010|accessdate=October 27, 2010}} 7. ^{{cite news |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EpPfPlSS?url=http://www.cooperativa.cl/gobierno-anuncio-gira-de-la-fenix-2-por-zona-afectada-por-el-terremoto/prontus_nots/2010-10-21/140239.html |archivedate=2 March 2013 |deadurl=no |url=http://www.cooperativa.cl/gobierno-anuncio-gira-de-la-fenix-2-por-zona-afectada-por-el-terremoto/prontus_nots/2010-10-21/140239.html |title=Gobierno anunció gira de la "Fénix 2" por zona afectada por el terremoto |publisher=La Nación |date=October 21, 2010 |accessdate=October 27, 2010 |df= }} 8. ^{{cite news |url=http://latercera.com/noticia/nacional/2010/10/680-300633-9-instalan-capsula-fenix-2-frente-a-la-moneda-para-ser-exhibida-desde-hoy.shtml |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EpPfNhIn?url=http://www.latercera.com/noticia/nacional/2010/10/680-300633-9-instalan-capsula-fenix-2-frente-a-la-moneda-para-ser-exhibida-desde-hoy.shtml |archivedate=2 March 2013 |deadurl=no |title=Instalan cápsula Fénix 2 frente a La Moneda para ser exhibida desde hoy |publisher=La Nación |date=October 19, 2010 |accessdate=October 27, 2010 |df= }} 9. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.lanacion.cl/la-fenix-1-ya-se-exhibe-en-la-expo-shanghai/noticias/2010-10-23/102755.html |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EpPfWcLp?url=http://www.lanacion.cl/la-fenix-1-ya-se-exhibe-en-la-expo-shanghai/noticias/2010-10-23/102755.html |archivedate=2 March 2013 |deadurl=yes |title=La Fénix 1 ya se exhibe en la Expo Shanghai |publisher=La Nación |date=October 23, 2010 |accessdate=October 27, 2010 |df= }} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://chile.usembassy.gov/2011press0802-33exhibition.html |title=Embassy of the United States Santiago, Chile - Exhibition Against All Odds: Rescue at the Chilean Mine (August 2011) |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EpPgPNSX?url=http://chile.usembassy.gov/2011press0802-33exhibition.html |archivedate=2 March 2013 |deadurl=no |publisher=Chile.usembassy.gov |date=2010-08-05 |accessdate=2011-08-06 |df= }} 11. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/southamerica/chile/8066512/Chile-miners-rescue-capsule-could-be-worth-1million.html |title=Chile miners: rescue capsule could be worth $1million |work=London Daily Telegraph |first=Laura |last=Roberts |date=15 October 2010 |accessdate=15 October 2010 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EpPgY0Vg?url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/southamerica/chile/8066512/Chile-miners-rescue-capsule-could-be-worth-1million.html |archivedate=2 March 2013 |deadurl=no |df= }} 12. ^{{cite web |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EpPgMDAH?url=http://www.soychile.cl/Copiapo/Sociedad/2011/08/03/30302/Con-emocion-instalaron-la-capsula-Fenix-II-en-el-Museo-Regional-de-Atacama.aspx |archivedate=2 March 2013 |deadurl=no |url=http://www.soychile.cl/Copiapo/Sociedad/2011/08/03/30302/Con-emocion-instalaron-la-capsula-Fenix-II-en-el-Museo-Regional-de-Atacama.aspx |title=Con emoción instalaron la cápsula Fénix II en el Museo Regional de Atacama |author=Paul-Edouard Martin |work=El Diario de Atacama |date=August 3, 2011 |accessdate=August 13, 2011 |language=Spanish |df= }} 13. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-16993131 |title=Chile mine rescue capsule at London Science Museum |date=February 11, 2012 |accessdate=February 13, 2012 |work=BBC World |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EpPgEygf?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-16993131 |archivedate=2 March 2013 |deadurl=no |df= }} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Fenix 2|url=http://www.arts.act.gov.au/arts-in-the-act/public-art/fenix-2|website=ACT Public Art Database|publisher=ACT Government|accessdate=24 March 2015}} External links
4 : 2010 introductions|2010 Copiapó mining accident|Chilean Navy|Chilean inventions |
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