| 词条 | Gabriel de Rochechouart de Mortemart | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Gabriel de Rochechouart | title = Duke of Mortemart | image = Portrait of Gabriel de Rochechouart, Duke of Mortemart wearing the Order of the Holy Spirit (Versailles, unknown artist).jpg | caption = | birth_date = 1600 | death_date = 26 December 1675 | death_place = Paris, France | spouse = {{marriage|Diane de Grandseigne|1632|1666}} | issue = Gabrielle, Marchioness of Thianges Louis Victor, Duke of Mortemart Françoise, Marchioness of Montespan Marie Christine de Rochechouart de Mortemart Marie Madeleine, Abbess of Fontevraud | issue-link = #Issue | father = Gaspard de Rochechouart | mother = Louise de Maure | religion = Roman Catholicism }} Gabriel de Rochechouart de Mortemart, Duke of Mortemart (1600 – 26 December 1675) was a French nobleman and father of the Marquise de Montespan. He was a friend of the French King Louis XIII. BiographyGabriel de Rochechouart de Mortemart, was the son of Gaspard de Rochechouart de Mortemart, Marquis of Mortemart, and of Louise de Maure, suo jure Countess of Maure. His younger brother, Louis de Rochechouart de Mortemart, died without children in 1669. He spent a great part of his childhood with the future king of France Louis XIII, until the assassination of the latter's father, Henry IV, in 1610. In 1630, he was named the First Gentleman of the Chamber to Louis XIII, which entitled him to a pension of 6000 livres. He also maintained the confidence of the powerful Cardinal Richelieu and was an intimate of the Spanish-born queen, Anne of Austria. He and his some of his descendants cultivated what became known as the esprit Mortemart,[1] a particular type of wit which allowed impossible things to be said. He was popular at the royal court, although his brother Louis and his cousin François de Rochechouart had been banished for their involvement in the Day of the Dupes in November 1630, when the enemies of Cardinal Richelieu mistakenly believed that they had succeeded in persuading Louis XIII to dismiss Richelieu from power. In 1632, he married Diane de Grandseigne (1615 – 11 February 1666), the daughter of Jean de Grandseigne, Marquis de Marsillac, and of Catherine de La Béraudière, dame de Villenon. A year after his marriage, he was created a Knight of the Orders of the King.[2] During his infancy, till he succeeded his father, he was known as the Marquis de Vivonne, a subsidiary title which was raised to a duchy in 1668. When his father died in 1643, he took the title of Marquis de Mortemart. On 23 December 1663, Louis XIV raised the Marquisate of Mortemart, to a duchy. The same day, Anne de Noailles became Duke of Noailles; the two families were united in 1723 when Gabriel's grandson, Louis Alexandre de Bourbon, Count of Toulouse, the son of Madame de Montespan, married a granddaughter of Anne, Marie Victoire de Noailles. In 1669, he was named Governor of Paris. Gabriel de Rochechouart de Mortemart died in Paris on 26 December 1675. TitlesPeer of France, Prince of Tonnay-Charente, Viscount of Rochechouart (the oldest title in France, 980), Marquis of Montpipeau (granted by Louis XIII), Count of Limoges (1661), Duke of Vivonne (1668). Lordships and parishes of Montrol, Nouic, Blond, Vaulry, Beuilaufa, Le Fraisse, Javerdat, Saint-Victurnien (Barony), Oradour-sur-Glane (Châtellenie) along with the Baronies of Châtellenies of Lussac, Verrières and Dienné. ArmsParti de trois et coupé de un, qui font huit quartiers: 1, de gueules au croissant de vair (Maure); 2, d'azur à trois fleurs de lys d;or au bâton de gueules (Bourbon); 3, de gueules a neuf mâcles d'or (Rohan); 4, burelé d'argent et d'azur à trois chevrons de gueules (La Rochefoucauld); 5, d'argent à la guivre d'azure engoulant un enfant au naturel (Milan); 6, de gueules aux chaînes posées en croix, sautoir et orle d'or (Navarre); 7, de gueules au pal de vair (des Cars); 8, d'hermine plain (Bretagne); sur le tout, fascé-ondé-enté d'argent et de gueules (Rochechouart).[3]Issue
Titles, styles, honours and armsTitles and styles
References1. ^Van Helden, D.G.H., 80 Esprits fins et esprits géométriques dans les portraits de Saint-Simon, Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, Netherlands, 1975, pp. 42-71, {{ISBN|90 247 1726 4}} (French)[https://books.google.com/books?id=FUFuvyVqvAwC&pg=PA70&lpg=PA70&dq=esprit+Mortemart&source=bl&ots=TyUswd5yLb&sig=dmvw_OCqBLzPgNbOKM_8hW9C8dw&hl=fr&ei=96PETOXbJIKClAex9JED&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CDsQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=esprit%20Mortemart&f=false] {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Mortemart, Gabriel De Rochechouart De}}2. ^Order of the Holy Spirit#Composition 3. ^http://www.heraldique-europeenne.org/Regions/France/Duche_Mortemart.htm 7 : House of Rochechouart|1600 births|1675 deaths|Dukes of Mortemart|17th-century French people|17th-century peers of France|House of Bourbon |
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