| 词条 | James Beattie (poet) |
| 释义 |
|name = James Beattie |image = Dr James Beattie.jpg |birth_date = {{birth date|1735|10|25|df=yes}} |birth_place = Laurencekirk, Kincardineshire |death_date = {{death date and age|1803|8|18|1735|10|25|df=yes}} |death_place = Aberdeen |nationality = Scottish |occupation = Scholar, poet |notableworks = Essay on the Nature and Immutability of Truth (1770); The Minstrel (1771–74) |alma_mater = University of Aberdeen |movement = Scottish Common Sense Realism[1] Scottish Enlightenment }} James Beattie FRSE ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|iː|t|i}}; 25 October 1735 – 18 August 1803) was a Scottish poet, moralist and philosopher. CareerHe became schoolmaster of the parish of Fordoun in 1753. He took the position of usher at the grammar-school of Aberdeen in 1758. In 1760, he was, to his surprise, appointed Professor of moral philosophy at Marischal College (later part of Aberdeen University) as a result of the influence exerted by his close friend, Robert Arbuthnot of Haddo. [2]In the following year he published a volume of poems, The Judgment of Paris (1765), which attracted attention. The two works, however, which brought him most fame were An Essay on the Nature and Immutability of Truth, and his poem of The Minstrel. The Essay, intended as an answer to David Hume, had great immediate success, and led to an introduction to the King, a pension of £200, and the degree of LL.D. from Oxford. The first book of The Minstrel was published in 1771 and the second in 1774, and constitutes his true title to remembrance, winning him the praise of Samuel Johnson. It contains much beautiful descriptive writing. Beattie was prominent in arguing against the institution of slavery,[3] notably in his Essay on the Nature and Immutability of Truth (1770), and in Elements of Moral Science (1790-1793) where he used the case of Dido Belle to argue the mental capacity of blacks.[4] Beattie was an amateur cellist and member of the Aberdeen Musical Society. He considered questions of music philosophy in his essay On Poetry and Music (written 1762, published 1776), which was republished several times and translated into French in 1798. His poem "The Hermit" was set to music by Tommaso Giordani (1778).[5] Beattie was co-founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1783. Personal lifeJames Beattie was born the son of a shopkeeper and small farmer at Laurencekirk in the Mearns, and educated at Marischal, graduating in 1753. Beattie underwent much domestic sorrow in his later years, which broke down his own health and spirits. His wife, Mary née Dunn, whom he had married in 1767, went mad and was committed to a Musselburgh asylum. His two promising sons both died: James Hay in 1790 aged 22 from "nervous atrophy", and Montagu in 1796 aged 18 after a short illness. He relinquished his duties at Marischal in 1797. That year he became afflicted with rheumatism, and in 1799 he had a stroke of palsy. He died in Aberdeen in 1803 and is buried there in St Nicholas' Churchyard.[6][7][8] His niece, Margaret Valentine, married Rev Prof George Glennie FRSE.[9] RecognitionA biographical sketch, An Account of the Life of James Beattie, LL.D., was published in 1804 by Alexander Bower.[10] The poet Robert Burns informed Mrs Frances Dunlop in a letter that the idea of using Coila as the name of his poetic muse first came to him from Beattie's use of a muse named 'Scota' in his Scots language poem of 1768 titled To Mr Alexander at Lochlee. Beattie is one of the sixteen Scottish poets and writers depicted on the Scott Monument on Princes Street in Edinburgh. He appears on the left side of the east face. Works
See also
Notes1. ^Selections from the Scottish Philosophy of Common Sense, ed. by G. A. Johnston (1915), essays by Thomas Reid, Adam Ferguson, James Beattie, and Dugald Stewart (online version). 2. ^A Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen, Robert Chambers, 1835 3. ^{{cite web|title= A North East Story: Abolishing the Slave Trade| url =http://www.abdn.ac.uk/slavery/7p1.htm | accessdate = 2009-02-03 }} 4. ^page 225 5. ^{{GroveOnline|title=James Beattie|author=David Johnson|access-date=14 January 2014}} 6. ^https://www.electricscotland.com/history/other/beattie_james.htm 7. ^The Encyclopaedia Britannica, Or Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature, Volume 4, page 477 8. ^http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf 9. ^{{cite book|title=Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002|date=July 2006|publisher=The Royal Society of Edinburgh|isbn=0 902 198 84 X|url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf}} 10. ^{{cite DNB|wstitle=Bower, Alexander|last=Sutton|first=Charles William|authorlink=Charles William Sutton|volume=}} References
Further reading
External links{{Commons category|James Beattie (writer)}}{{wikiquote|James Beattie}}
19 : 1735 births|1803 deaths|18th-century Scottish people|19th-century Scottish people|People educated at Aberdeen Grammar School|Academics of the University of Aberdeen|Alumni of the University of Aberdeen|People from Kincardine and Mearns|Scottish literary critics|Scottish scholars and academics|Scottish poets|Scottish essayists|Members of the Philosophical Society of Edinburgh|Founder Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh|Scottish philosophers|Enlightenment philosophers|Scottish schoolteachers|Scottish translators|Scottish Christians |
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