| 词条 | James Kirkwood Jr. |
| 释义 |
| name = James Kirkwood | image = James Kirkwood.jpg | image_size = 180px | caption = Kirkwood in 1975 | birth_name = James Kirkwood Jr. | birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1924|08|22}} | birth_place = Los Angeles, California, U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1989|04|21|1924|08|22}} | death_place = {{nowrap|Manhattan, New York City, U.S.}} | nationality = American | notableworks = P. S. Your Cat Is Dead! | awards = {{nowrap|Pulitzer Prize for Drama (1976)}} }} James Kirkwood Jr. (August 22, 1924 – April 21, 1989) was an American playwright, author and actor. In 1976 he received the Tony Award, the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Book of a Musical, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama for the Broadway hit A Chorus Line. BiographyKirkwood was born in Los Angeles. His father James Kirkwood Sr. was an actor and director in silent films and his mother was actress Lila Lee. After their divorce, he spent much of his time with his mother's family in Elyria, Ohio where he graduated from high school. CareerFrom 1953 to 1957 he played Mickey Emerson on the CBS soap opera Valiant Lady.[1] Kirkwood wrote the semi-autobiographical novel There Must Be a Pony, which was made into a television film starring Elizabeth Taylor and Robert Wagner. Other novels include P. S. Your Cat Is Dead! (adapted into a play of the same name, which was, in turn, adapted into a film by Steve Guttenberg), Good Times/Bad Times, Some Kind of Hero, and Hit Me with a Rainbow. In 1959 Kirkwood appeared on Perry Mason as Johnny Baylor, son of Sen. Harriman Baylor, in "The Case of the Foot-Loose Doll." In 1970, Simon & Schuster published Kirkwood's American Grotesque about the trial of Clay Shaw.[2] Shaw, a New Orleans businessman, was tried by New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison on charges that he was involved in a conspiracy to assassinate United States President John F. Kennedy and later acquitted.[2][3] Kirkus Reviews said "Kirkwood's portrait of Shaw as St. Sebastian is overdone to the point of self defeat" and that "the book does clinch the impression that legal grounds for the conspiracy charges were insufficient."[2] Kirkwood won the 1976 Tony Award for Best Book of a Musical, the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Book of a Musical, the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama with collaborator Nicholas Dante for A Chorus Line. Kirkwood also wrote the comedic play Legends! which toured the United States with Mary Martin and Carol Channing in 1987. The plot concerns a producer with a sure-fire commercial script, but no credibility, who lures two out-of-work but long-time feuding actresses "of a certain age" to star in his putative Broadway production. Legends! was the most financially successful road production of that season, but when producers insisted on cutting an important speech about breast cancer by Mary Martin's character, the actress declared she would complete her contractual obligation, but would not open the play on Broadway, and the show closed on the road. {{Citation needed|date=May 2009}} Kirkwood wrote a book about the production of Legends! entitled Diary of a Mad Playwright: Perilous Adventures on the Road with Mary Martin and Carol Channing. A revival of Legends! was mounted with Joan Collins and Linda Evans of Dynasty fame. It toured more than 30 cities in the United States and Canada beginning in autumn 2006, but did not appear on Broadway as had been planned. Beginning May 2015, Hayley Mills will tour Australia in Legends! with sister Juliet Mills and Maxwell Caulfield. Personal lifeIn 1968, Kirkwood signed the "Writers and Editors War Tax Protest" pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the Vietnam War (his novel Some Kind Of Hero is centered on a P.O.W. in... and back home from... Vietnam).[4] Kirkwood died in his Manhattan apartment of AIDS-related complications in 1989.[5] Literary PrizeIn Kirkwood's memory, his friends and admirers established the James Kirkwood Literary Prize to honor new generations of fiction writers for their literary achievements. The competition is hosted by the UCLA Extension Writers' Program and the winner is determined by Andrew Morse, the prize's benefactor. WorksNovels
Plays
Nonfiction
References1. ^{{cite book|title=TV Guide Guide to TV|year=2004|publisher=Barnes and Noble|isbn=0-7607-5634-1|pages=671}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=American Grotesque|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/james-kirkwood-3/american-grotesque/|work=kirkusreviews.com|publisher=Kirkus Reviews|accessdate=July 20, 2015|author=Kirkus Reviews|authorlink=Kirkus Reviews|date=November 1, 1970}} 3. ^{{cite news |last=Leonard |first=John |author-link=John Leonard (critic) |date=December 8, 1970 |title=The Story of Garrison Vs. Shaw |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1915&dat=19701208&id=KSIiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=fHQFAAAAIBAJ&pg=848,1369994&hl=en |newspaper=The Day |volume=90 |issue=134 |location=New London, Connecticut |page=22 |access-date=August 24, 2015}} 4. ^"Writers and Editors War Tax Protest" January 30, 1968 New York Post 5. ^{{http://mobile.easthamptonstar.com/Books/2012710/Missing-Jimmy}} Further reading
External links
| title = Awards for James Kirkwood Jr. | list ={{DramaDesk Book 1976–2000}}{{PulitzerPrize DramaAuthors 1976-2000}}{{TonyAward MusicalBook 1976–2000}} }}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Kirkwood, James Jr.}} 18 : 1924 births|1989 deaths|20th-century American novelists|American tax resisters|Gay writers|LGBT writers from the United States|Deaths from spinal cancer|Pulitzer Prize for Drama winners|Drama Desk Award winners|American male soap opera actors|20th-century American male actors|LGBT dramatists and playwrights|LGBT novelists|20th-century American dramatists and playwrights|American male novelists|Deaths from cancer in New York (state)|American male dramatists and playwrights|20th-century American male writers |
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