| 词条 | Gerard George Fitzgerald |
| 释义 |
|honorific-prefix = |name = Gerard George Fitzgerald |honorific-suffix = |image = Gerard George Fitzgerald.jpg |alt = |caption = Gerard George Fitzgerald in 1882 |constituency_MP = Hokitika |parliament = New Zealand |majority = |term_start = 9 December 1881 |term_end = 27 June 1884 |predecessor = Robert Reid Richard Seddon |successor = John Bevan |birth_date = 10 October 1832 |birth_place = Bath, Somerset, England |death_date = {{death date and age|1904|6|7|1832|10|10|df=y}} |death_place = Timaru Hospital, New Zealand |restingplace = |restingplacecoordinates = |nationality = |spouse = |relations = James FitzGerald (brother) Richard Fitzgerald (grandfather) Sir John Gibbons, 2nd Baronet (grandfather) |children = |residence = |alma_mater = |occupation = |profession = Journalist, magistrate |cabinet = |committees = |portfolio = |religion = |signature = |signature_alt = }} Gerard George Fitzgerald (10 October 1832 – 7 June 1904) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament in New Zealand. Like his brother James FitzGerald, he was a journalist of considerable ability, and co-founded The Southland Times in 1862. For the last 19 years of his life, he was editor of The Timaru Herald. Early lifeFitzgerald was born in Bath, Somerset, England on 10 October 1832[1] and baptised on 6 January 1834 in Walcot, Bath. His father was Gerard Fitzgerald and his mother was Emily Fitzgerald (née Gibbons), the third wife of his father. His paternal grandfather, Richard Fitzgerald, was a member of the Irish House of Commons. His maternal grandfather, Sir John Gibbons, 2nd Baronet, was a member of the British House of Commons.[2] An older half-brother, James FitzGerald (1818–1896), was from his father's second wife. He received his education at the grammar school in Bath.[3] He arrived in Lyttelton on the Castle Eden on 14 February 1851,[4] but left soon after for the Victorian gold rush.[3] In Victoria, he bought and drove cattle to the gold fields, did some prospecting for gold, and acted as gold buyer for Melbourne-based banks.[6] Life in New Zealand{{NZ parlbox header|nolist=true|align=left}}{{NZ parlbox|start = {{NZ election link year|1881}} |end = 1884 |term = 8th |electorate = {{NZ electorate link|Hokitika}} |party = Independent politician }}{{NZ parlbox footer}} He returned to New Zealand in the early 1860s. On the suggestion of his brother, James FitzGerald, who had himself just established The Press in Christchurch, he established a telegraph news agency for New Zealand.[3] In 1862, he was one of the founders of The Southland Times.[5][6] FitzGerald gave up the proprietorship and joined the Otago Gold Rush, where he met again with George Sale, whom he knew from Victoria.[6] When Sale was appointed Goldfields Commissioner for the gold fields on the West Coast, he offered Fitzgerald the second administrative role on the West Coast in 1867. Fitzgerald accepted and became magistrate, sheriff, warden and commissioner of crown lands, based in Hokitika.[3][6] In January 1868, he was appointed Registration and Returning Officer.[7] He was the returning officer for elections to Westland County in February 1868,[8] November 1868,[9] July 1870,[10] December 1870,[11] May 1871,[12] and December 1872.[13] He was then returning officer for the elections to Westland Province in January 1874.[14] He also acted as returning officer for elections to the House of Representatives, with the first a by-election in the Westland Boroughs electorate in April 1868,[15] followed by a parliamentary election in the {{NZ electorate link|Hokitika}} and {{NZ electorate link|Totara}} electorates in January and February {{NZ election link year|1871}},[16] and for the same two electorates in January 1876,[17] and for a by-election in the Totara electorate in April 1877.[18] Fitzgerald filed for bankruptcy in February 1878, which put an end to his public service positions.[19] In the following month, he resigned his position as Vice-President of the Hokitika Savings Bank.[20] His house at Gibson's Quay in Hokitika was sold at auction in May 1878.[21] He was discharged from bankruptcy in June 1878.[22] At the same time as the bankruptcy was discharged, Fitzgerald first stood for the House of Representatives. Charles Button, one of the two representatives for the {{NZ electorate link|Hokitika}} electorate, resigned on 22 May when constituents passed a resolution that thanked him but expressed regret that he did not support Sir George Grey.[23]{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=187}} The resulting by-election on 26 June was contested by Fitzgerald and Seymour Thorne George, a North Island resident who was the nephew of the premier, Sir George Grey.[24] Thorne George won the election with a margin of 5% of the vote.[25] Fitzgerald stood in the {{NZ election link|1879}} in the two-member Hokitika electorate, but was beaten by Richard Seddon and Robert Reid. He moved to Blenheim in about 1880 and took up journalism again, editing a local paper. He then became the editor of the Wanganui Chronicle.[3] He contested the {{By-election link|Grey Valley|1881}} in the {{NZ electorate link|Grey Valley}} electorate, but was beaten by Thomas S. Weston.[26][27] He was elected in the Hokitika electorate in the 1881 general election while he lived in Whanganui and represented the electorate until 1884, when he was defeated by John Bevan with a 4% margin of the votes.[28][29][30] He then became editor of the New Zealand Times in Wellington for one year, before becoming editor of The Timaru Herald in 1885 or 1886 in succession of William Henry Triggs.[3][6][31] He remained in the latter position for 19 years until his death.[3][32] Like his brother James, he was a journalist of considerable ability.[33] Family and deathFitzgerald married Jane Michie in 1864.[34] She was lost, presumed drowned, in the sinking of the steamer Taiaroa in 1886[3][35][36] and though her remains were never found, her cat and some of her possessions were recovered, including a lady's handbag containing two handkerchiefs marked "Jane Fitzgerald." She was on her way from Wellington to be rejoined with her husband after he had furnished a house for them.[37][38] By coincidence, his dwelling had been named Tararua Cottage in commemoration of the sinking of the SS Tararua three years earlier,[37] which remains New Zealand's worst civilian shipping disaster.[39] Fitzgerald wrote his will on 17 May 1904 and made his niece Geraldine Fitzgerald of Christchurch, his brother James' daughter, the sole executor of his will.[40] He died at Timaru Hospital on 7 June 1904 after having been ill for six weeks.[41] Forceful as an editor and holding strong political opinions, he was otherwise a very private person. He had no children.[32] He is buried at Timaru Cemetery.[42] References1. ^{{Cite sign |title=Untitled |date=23 May 2007 |type=Grave stone |publisher=Timaru District Council |location=Timaru Cemetery}} 2. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p41876.htm#i418753 | title=Sir John Gibbons, 2nd Bt. | publisher=The Peerage | accessdate=1 March 2015}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite book | ref = harv | editor-last = Scholefield | editor-first = Guy | editor-link = Guy Scholefield | title = A Dictionary of New Zealand Biography : A–L | volume = I | year = 1940 | publisher = Department of Internal Affairs | location = Wellington | url = http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/files/documents/dnzb-1940/scholefield-dnzb-v1.pdf | accessdate = 6 October 2013 | pages=255f}} 4. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=LT18510301.2.13 | title=Abstract of Emigrants on Board the Castle Eden | work=Lyttelton Times | date=1 March 1851 | accessdate=8 September 2013 | volume=I | issue=8 | page=6}} 5. ^{{cite book | url=http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc05Cycl-t1-body1-d3-d3-d4.html#name-432578-mention | title=The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Nelson, Marlborough & Westland Provincial Districts | accessdate=21 July 2010 | author=Cyclopedia Company Limited | chapter=Former Members Of The House Of Representatives | year=1906 | location=Christchurch}} 6. ^{{cite web | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=CL1.ST&essay=1 | title=Southland Times | publisher=PapersPast | accessdate=20 February 2015}} 7. ^{{cite news|title=The Evening Post|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP18680121.2.7|accessdate=21 February 2015|work=The Evening Post|volume=III|issue=290|date=21 January 1868|page=2}} 8. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18680127.2.19.4 | title=Election Notice | work=West Coast Times | date=27 January 1868 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=731 | page=3}} 9. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18681031.2.14.3 | title=Election Notice | work=West Coast Times | date=31 October 1868 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=970 | page=3}} 10. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18700712.2.17.3 | title=Election Notice | work=West Coast Times | date=12 July 1870 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=1494 | page=3}} 11. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18701124.2.14.3 | title=Election Notice | work=West Coast Times | date=24 November 1870 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=1610 | page=3}} 12. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18710509.2.18.2 | title=Election Notice | work=West Coast Times | date=9 May 1871 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=1748 | page=3}} 13. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18721202.2.10.1 | title=Election Notice | work=West Coast Times | date=2 December 1872 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=2238 | page=3}} 14. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=GRA18731220.2.9.6 | title=Election Notice | work=Grey River Argus | date=20 December 1873 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | volume=XIV | issue=1679 | page=3}} 15. ^{{cite news|title=The Westland Boroughs |url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18680404.2.14 |accessdate=4 May 2013 |newspaper=West Coast Times |date=4 April 1868|issue=790 |page=2 }} 16. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18701124.2.14.3 | title=Government Notices | work=West Coast Times | date=10 January 1871 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=1647 | page=3}} 17. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18751220.2.10.2 | title=Government Notices | work=West Coast Times | date=20 December 1875 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=3185 | page=3}} 18. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18770416.2.2.7 | title=Government Notifications | work=West Coast Times | date=16 April 1877 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=2509 | page=1}} 19. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18780216.2.2.7 | title=County Council Gazette | work=West Coast Times | date=16 February 1878 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=2770 | page=1}} 20. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18780307.2.8 | title=Untitled | work=West Coast Times | date=7 March 1878 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=2787| page=2}} 21. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18780521.2.5 | title=West Coast Times | work=West Coast Times | date=21 May 1878 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=2849 | page=2}} 22. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18780529.2.2.7 | title=County Council Gazette | work=West Coast Times | date=29 May 1878 | accessdate=22 February 2015 | issue=2856 | page=1}} 23. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18780517.2.5 | title=West Coast Times | work=West Coast Times | date=17 May 1878 | accessdate=28 February 2015 | issue=2846 | page=2}} 24. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18780603.2.6 | title=West Coast Times | work=West Coast Times | date=3 June 1878 | accessdate=23 February 2015 | issue=2860 | page=2}} 25. ^{{cite news | title=The Hokitika Election | url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18780629.2.7.6 | accessdate=24 February 2015 | work=West Coast Times | date=29 June 1878 | issue=2882 | page=2}} 26. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=GRA18810610.2.9 | title=Grey Valley Election | work=Grey River Argus | date=10 June 1881 | accessdate=31 March 2014 | volume=XXIV | issue=3988 | page=2}} 27. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT18810622.2.10 | title=The Grey Valley Election | work=West Coast Times | date=22 June 1881 | accessdate=1 April 2014 | issue=3808 | page=2}} 28. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=TT18811214.2.18.6 | title=Westland | work=Tuapeka Times | date=14 December 1881 | accessdate=23 December 2010 | volume=XIV | issue=797 | page=5}} 29. ^{{cite book | title=New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 | publisher=V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer | last=Wilson | first=James Oakley | edition=4th | location=Wellington | origyear=First ed. published 1913 | year=1985 | page=196 | oclc=154283103}} 30. ^{{cite book |first1=G. S. |last1=Cooper |title=The General Election, 1884 |year=1884 |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1884-II.2.2.3.5 |page=2 |accessdate=24 December 2014 |publisher=National Library}} 31. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WCT19040608.2.8 | title=West Coast Times | work=West Coast Times | date=8 June 1904 | accessdate=1 April 2014 | issue=13232 | page=2}} 32. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=THD19040608.2.10 | title=Obituary | work=The Timaru Herald | date=8 June 1904 | accessdate=20 February 2015 | volume=LXXX | issue=12393 | page=2}} 33. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=TC18811220.2.18 | title=New Faces in Parliament | work=Colonist | date=20 December 1881 | accessdate=31 January 2013 | volume=XXV | issue=3040 | page=3}} 34. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.bdmhistoricalrecords.dia.govt.nz/Search/Search.aspx?Path=%2FqueryEntry.m%3Ftype%3Dmarriages | title=Marriage Search | publisher=Department of Internal Affairs | accessdate=20 February 2015 | quote=Search for registration number 1864/5048}} 35. ^{{cite web |title=Memorial Trail |url= http://www.boltoncemetery.org.nz/downloads/Memorial_Trail.pdf |publisher=Bolton Street Memorial Park |accessdate=26 February 2015}} 36. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=THD18860414.2.14 | title=Wreck of the SS Taiaroa | work=The Timaru Herald | date=14 April 1886 | accessdate=20 February 2015 | volume=XLIII | issue=3600 | page=3}} 37. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=WH18860419.2.8 | title=Wanganui Herald | work=Wanganui Herald | date=19 April 1886 | accessdate=21 February 2015 | volume=XX | issue=5882 | page=2}} 38. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=OW18860417.2.39| title=The Wreck of the Taiarioa | work= Otago Witness | date=17 April 1886 | accessdate=26 February 2015 | volume=XX | issue=1795 | page=14}} 39. ^{{cite web|title=Tararua shipwreck|url=http://my.christchurchcitylibraries.com/tararua-shipwreck/|publisher=Christchurch City Libraries|accessdate=28 February 2015}} 40. ^{{cite web|title=Probate records 1904 P713-P717|url=https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1961-25457-26031-44?cc=1865481|publisher=Archives New Zealand|accessdate=21 February 2015|page=32}} 41. ^{{cite news | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=THD19040608.2.8 | title=Death | work=The Timaru Herald | date=8 June 1904 | accessdate=20 February 2015 | volume=LXXX | issue=12393 | page=2}} 42. ^{{cite web|title=Fitzgerald, G G|url=http://www.timaru.govt.nz/services/community-and-culture/cemeteries/cemetery-search?BurialId=27817|publisher=Timaru District Council|accessdate=21 February 2015}} External links{{Commons category|Gerard George Fitzgerald}}
Richard Seddon}}{{s-ttl | title = Member of Parliament for Hokitika | years=1881–1884}}{{s-aft | after = John Bevan }}{{end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Fitzgerald, Gerard G}} 14 : 1832 births|1904 deaths|Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives|New Zealand editors|New Zealand MPs for South Island electorates|People from Timaru|Unsuccessful candidates in the 1879 New Zealand general election|Unsuccessful candidates in the 1884 New Zealand general election|People from Bath, Somerset|English emigrants to New Zealand|New Zealand public servants|New Zealand journalists|Burials at Timaru Cemetery|19th-century New Zealand politicians |
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