| 词条 | German submarine U-1018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
DesignGerman Type VIIC/41 submarines were preceded by the heavier Type VIIC submarines. U-1018 had a displacement of {{convert|759|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|860|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} She had a total length of {{convert|67.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|50.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|2800 to 3200|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two Brown, Boveri & Cie GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|750|PS|kW shp}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.23|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|17.7|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.6|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|80|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|8500|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-1018 was fitted with five {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/35 naval gun, (220 rounds), one {{convert|3.7|cm|in|abbr=on}} Flak M42 and two {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} Service historyShe was completed in Hamburg in April 1944, and spent the rest of 1944 training with the 31st U-boat Flotilla. An accident took place during U-1018's work-up period in the Baltic on 17 June which killed one crew member (Obersteuermann Walter Nellsen) and wounded two.[2] In December 1944, she was moved from Kiel to Horten Naval Base in Norway to join 11th U-boat Flotilla, before departing on 21 January 1945 to patrol the Western Approaches of the English Channel under the command of Kapitänleutnant Walter Burmeister.[3] Combat roleOn 27 February 1945 she attacked convoy BTC 81 about seven miles from Lizard Point, Cornwall (at {{coord|49|55|N|05|22|W}}).[4] U-1018 launched a torpedo which hit the Norwegian freighter {{SS|Corvus}} which sank within a few minutes,[5] resulting in the death of five of the freighter's Norwegian crew, a 16-year-old British cabin boy, Thomas Boniface, and two British Royal Navy gunners, (part of the DEMS gun crew) including former professional footballer Charlie Sillett.[6] The convoy escort ships immediately launched heavy counter-attacks. Less than two hours later, U-1018 was sunk by depth charges dropped by {{HMS|Loch Fada|K390|6}} under the command of Cdr. Benjamin Andrew Rogers, RD, RNR. Only two members of the crew of 53 survived.[2] Summary of raiding history
See also
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/technical/schnorchel.htm |title=The Schnorchel |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=22 February 2009}} 2. ^1 {{Cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/u1018.htm |title=The Type VIIC/41 boat U-1018 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=7 December 2014}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/patrols/u1018.html |title=Patrols by U-1018 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=21 February 2009}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.seawaves.com/newsletters/TDIH/february/27Feb.txt|title=Today in History: February 27|date=27 February 2008|accessdate=21 February 2009 |publisher=www.seawaves.com}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://warsailors.com/singleships/corvus.html|title=DS Corvus – Final Fate|date=30 July 2008| accessdate=21 February 2009|publisher=www.warsailors.com}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://warsailors.com/singleships/corvus.html#survivors|title=DS Corvus – crew list|date=30 July 2008|accessdate=21 February 2009|publisher=www.warsailors.com}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/successes/u1018.html |title=Ships hit by U-1018 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=17 February 2014}} Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|last1=Busch |first1=Rainer |last2=Röll |first2=Hans-Joachim |title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 |trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |work=Der U-Boot-Krieg |volume=IV |publisher=Mittler |location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn |year=1999 |isbn=3-8132-0514-2 |language=German |ref=harv }}
|last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas |translator-first1=Keith |translator-last2=Magowan |translator-first2=Rachel |year=1991 |title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |volume=2 |work=German Warships 1815–1945 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991 }}{{Refend}} External links
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u1018.htm |title=The Type VII/C41 boat U-1018 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=7 December 2014 }}{{coord|49|55|N|5|22|W|display=title|type:landmark_source:dewiki}}{{German Type VII submarines}}{{February 1945 shipwrecks}}{{Subject bar | portal1=Military of Germany | portal2=Submarine | portal3=World War II }}{{use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U1018}} 10 : World War II submarines of Germany|German Type VIIC/41 submarines|U-boats sunk by depth charges|U-boats commissioned in 1944|U-boats sunk in 1945|World War II shipwrecks in the English Channel|1944 ships|Ships built in Hamburg|U-boats sunk by British warships|Maritime incidents in February 1945 |
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