| 词条 | German submarine U-778 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
DesignGerman Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-778 had a displacement of {{convert|769|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|871|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} She had a total length of {{convert|67.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|50.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|2800 to 3200|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two Garbe, Lahmeyer & Co. RP 137/c double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|750|PS|kW shp}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.23|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|17.7|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.6|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|80|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|8500|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-778 was fitted with five {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/35 naval gun, (220 rounds), one {{convert|3.7|cm|in|abbr=on}} Flak M42 and two twin {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} Service historyThe boat arrived at Horten in Norway on 28 February 1945 under the command of Kptlt. Ralf Jürs. She left Horten on her only war patrol on 4 March, completing the 23-day patrol on the 26 March 1945 at Bergen in Norway. No ships were sunk during the patrol and the U-boat was still at Bergen when she was surrendered to the Allies some six weeks later on 9 May 1945.[2] On 4 December 1945, she was being towed offshore by the Royal Navy, to be scuttled as part of Operation Deadlight, but foundered and sank before reaching the scuttling ground, at a point {{coord|55|32|N|7|7|W|}}, {{convert|16|nmi|0}} North East of Malin Head[1] in around {{convert|70|m|ft|0}} of water. Proposed salvageThe wreck was rediscovered by marine archaeologist Innes McCartney in 2001.[3] In 2007, Derry City Council announced plans to raise the boat to be the main exhibit of a new maritime museum.[4] Many of the other Operation Deadlight U-boats were used for target practice and sunk by gunfire, torpedoes, rockets or bombs. U-778, by contrast, is remarkably intact and lies in relatively shallow water. On 3 October 2007 an Irish diver died whilst filming the wreck as part of the salvage project.[5] In November 2009, a spokesman from the council's heritage museum service announced the salvage project had been cancelled for cost reasons.[6] See also
References1. ^1 {{Cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/u778.html |title=The Type VIIC boat U-778 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=2008-11-21}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://uboat.net/boats/patrols/u778.html|title=U-boat Patrols Patrols by U-778|last=Helgason|first=Guðmundur|website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net|accessdate=19 March 2016}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/gallery/DivingE/photo/10 |title=U778 image from expedition gallery}} 4. ^{{cite news | last=Bowcott | first=Owen | title= Raise the U-boat: council plans to put Nazi sub in maritime museum | work=The Guardian | date=2007-08-20 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/aug/20/secondworldwar.northernireland}} 5. ^{{cite news | last= | first= | author2= | title=Team to recover U-boat diver body | work= | pages= | language= | publisher=BBC | date=2007-10-03 | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7025213.stm | accessdate=2008-11-21}} 6. ^{{cite news | last= | first= | author2= | title=Costs sink plan to raise U-boat | work= | pages= | language= | publisher=BBC | date=2009-11-12 | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/foyle_and_west/8356157.stm | accessdate=2009-11-25}} Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|last1=Busch |first1=Rainer |last2=Röll |first2=Hans-Joachim |title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 |trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |work=Der U-Boot-Krieg |volume=IV |publisher=Mittler |location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn |year=1999 |isbn=3-8132-0514-2 |language=German |ref=harv }}
|last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas |translator-first1=Keith |translator-last2=Magowan |translator-first2=Rachel |year=1991 |title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |volume=2 |work=German Warships 1815–1945 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991 }}{{Refend}} External links
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u778.html |title=The Type VIIC boat U-778 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=29 December 2014 }}{{coord|55|32|N|7|7|W|region:XZ_type:landmark|display=title}}{{German Type VII submarines}}{{Subject bar | portal1=Military of Germany | portal2=Submarine | portal3=World War II }}{{use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U0778}} 7 : German Type VIIC submarines|Operation Deadlight|U-boats commissioned in 1944|U-boats sunk in 1945|World War II submarines of Germany|1944 ships|Ships built in Wilhelmshaven |
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