| 词条 | Germi | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|official_name =Germi |native_name =گرمي |image_skyline =GERMI.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption =Germi |settlement_type = City |pushpin_map =Iran |mapsize =150px It is one of the most interesting cities in Iran in terms of its weather conditions. |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flag|Iran}} |subdivision_type1 =Province |subdivision_name1 =Ardabil |subdivision_type2 =County |subdivision_name2 =Germi |subdivision_type3 =Bakhsh |subdivision_name3 =Central |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_total_km2 = |area_footnotes = |population_as_of = 2016 Census |population_total =28,967 [1] |population_density_km2 =auto |timezone = IRST |utc_offset = +3:30 |timezone_DST = IRDT |utc_offset_DST = +4:30 |coordinates = {{coord|39|01|17|N|48|04|48|E|region:IR|display=inline,title}} |elevation_m = |area_code = |website = |footnotes ={{GEOnet2|32FA880A58893774E0440003BA962ED3}} }} Germi ({{lang-fa|گرمي}}, also Romanized as Germī and Garmī; also known as Garmi Ojarood)[2] is a city in and the capital of Germi County, Ardabil Province, Iran. LocationGarmi is located 110 km north of Ardabil the capital of Ardabil province. Also, Germi is located about 50 km from the Caspian Sea, It has an average altitude of 1050 m and total area of 1752 km2. Neighboring on the Caspian Sea and the Republic of Azerbaijan, this city is of great political and economical significance. It is located on an open plain 1,100 m above sea level, just east of Mount Azna (2,100 m). HistoryGermi county is a historical region of Iranian Azerbaijandespite Germi city is considered a new city based on Iranian standards, which was established almost in the year 900 of the Islamic calendar(900 AH)(1494 A.D.) when Shah Ismail allowed to 5 Shia families to migrate to this region. The first documentary about this region which is listed in historical books dates back to year 22 Hijri (about 671 ad=Gregorian calendars) when Arab soldiers inter Aran or Alan region[1]. As it is believed before Islam era Alan's people were living in this area. Words such as Alania, Allan-Shahr, Alan-Shahr, and Alan-shah had been used firstly at the first ad century for this district where was located between Azerbaijan, Shirvan, Caspian sea, and Armenia. As it comes out from historical document many Alan people migrated from this area after Islamic era then firstly substitute by Muslim people from different ethnic groups such as Persians, Arabs, Turkmens, and Tatars. After that, the area between those four borders was known as Mugan or Amukan and other pronunciation of them. The most historical place in the county is Barzand Castle that was the castle of Afshin who battled with Babak Khorramdin in an earlier century of Islamic history. People of this county are Shi'a Muslim and speak the Azeri language. The largest river of the county is Dareroud; it issues from southern and eastern foot of Sabalan and joins to Aras river on the northern border of Iran. This river is the largest internal river of the Ardabil Province. [3][4][5]Appellation and etymologyWhen it comes to the etymology of "Germi" it seems somehow cryptic and there are several hypotheses about the meaning of word "Germi" and historical stem of this city Name. Many historians believe the word "Germi" has Parthian or Alanian stems. Many others suggest ritual words stem from religions such as Mithraism. There is 2 theory that believe Germi is combination of 2 words: "Ger" and "mi" but the interpretation is different: One group believe on Sumerian stem that "Ger" means village and "Mi" means celestial; the others believe "Ger" comes from "Ager" in old Persian language that changed to "Akhgar" at new Persian language, whereas "mi" comes from "mehr" or "Mitra" which both means: "Sun", so "germi" means fireplace of sun. This interpretation is more consistent with other documents and pieces of evidence about this region and its history. First Hypothesis believes. The name Germi probably comes from the Parthian name. The other Hypothesis link this word to Maghoi.There are some other places and cities in East-Azerbaijan province, West-Azerbaijan province, Ardabil province and Azerbaijan republic that are called Germi. [6][7][8]people and cultureGermi is the capital of Germi County. According to the 2017 census, its population was 28,967, in 6,382 families.[9], The dominant majority of whom are ethnic Azeris. Notable for its shawl and carpet and short-napped coarse carpet" trade tradition. The ancient valuable Germi vestige and things are holds in Kashan museum, Iran National Museum, and Copenhagen museum. Germi county is also known as the seat of a World Heritage Site: the first piece of cloth woven in Iran and discovered in Salala Village were to be kept in Iran national museum. Germi is an ancient city in the Ardabil province of Iran, thought to have been founded in the Parthian period. Germi is located in an area known for temperate weather. It is an important agricultural center, the county seat of Germi County, and the capital of Moghan.[10] ClimateGermi, like most parts of Iran, has a semi-arid climate with fairly hot summers and relatively cold winters. The climate of Germi is moderate and mild to most of the districts and cities of Ardebil province. The climate of this city, especially in the east, is somewhat influenced by the climate of the Caspian region and its collapse, and most of its settlements in the valleys are exposed by the rapid winds that are in some of the province's provinces such as Ardebil and Meshkinshahr. According to the 50 years precipitation statistics and records, The yearly average precipitation is 360 but annual precipitation varies between 200 up to 450; mm and an average monthly temperature varies from (-2.5 to 29.2 Celsius) allows farmers to reach good yields in growing cereals. Germi also has a lot of winds, but it's not usually sparse. Local people have given them different names depending on the season, temperature, humidity, wind direction and wind power. Garmij (the wind that is slowly and partly warm between the plains of the area and its mountains), the Gechi-Qiran (the wind that flows from the north and is very cold) and the promise (which can be called the Saba breeze) is the same as the wind near the spring And Nowruz is gentle and delusional) are famous winds of the region, all of which have a mild speed. {{Citation needed|date=November 2017}} It is said that Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, one of the army's ambassadors, was in charge of traveling to the region in 1956 and the establishment of the city of Moghan. On the trip that took place in the summer, the military commander's wife complained of hot weather in other cities of Moghan, but when Entering Germi, she was excited by the warm and elegant climate and insisted her husband that no city is more deserving of warmth than Moghan. Then the rumors of the local elders and the order of land and land came to the aid because, due to the order of the transactions and the unilateralism of the people, their land became more formal than before, and by following the elders and relying on this warm welcome, the owner of the bank's branch And the General Court had decided to finalize the report of the General to serve the king and mention the strategic and military advantages of the city of Germi and the conditions of that day of the Cold War and the Soviet Union, the state and the court to determine the city of Tabriz as the center of the city. The average temperature peak in July is up to 31 ° C, while the average minimum temperature in the winter season in February is reduced to a minus 1 ° C. The maximum monthly average rainfall in November and May is 57 and 54 mm, respectively, and the minimum rainfall in July is 15 mm. The maximum monthly average of the days associated with the precipitation of the spring season in May May) is 13 days and the minimum is 5 days in the summer of July. [4][5][3]Demography
Attractions
and a few ancient bridges. In addition to these, in many villages of Germi, relics of ancient monuments, including tombs have been found. Being a city of great antiquity, the origins of Germi go back 3000 to 6000 years (according to historical research in this city). This city was the capital of Germi county in different times, but its golden age was in the Parthian period. GeologyMany cold springs and beautiful natural landscapes are in Germi and around which attract tourists. The mineral springs of Germi (khan bulaghi, Zarana) are notable throughout Iran for their medicinal qualities. Many beauty lakes: the largest of which are Gilarlul, are the habitats of some species of water birds. The beautiful Lake Gilarlu is located in an open area 03 km north-West of the city of Germi. It covers an area of 1.1 km2 and has an average depth of 1.5 metres. It is fed by Barzand rivers.
Music{{main|Music of Azerbaijan}}Colleges and universities
EconomyThe economy of Germi is partially agricultural, partially tourist based, with some industries in operation. Azar Gapu, the largest door factory of its kind in the Middle East, is located in Germi. See also{{Portal|Iran|Iranian Azerbaijan}}
References1. ^https://www.amar.org.ir/english 2. ^{{GEOnet3|-3063628}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ettelaat.com/etiran/?p=14009|title=گِرمی ؛ یادگار دوره اشکانی|accessdate=2017-11-08}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.seyfar.ir/pages/3220|title=معرفی شهرستان گرمی|accessdate=2017-11-08}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1395/03/16/1095521/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%BE%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%87-%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%87%D9%85%DA%86%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%86%D8%B4%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%87-%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C|title="گرمی" بهشتی پنهان|accessdate=2017-11-08}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ettelaat.com/etiran/?p=14009|title=گِرمی ؛ یادگار دوره اشکانی|accessdate=2017-11-08}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.seyfar.ir/pages/3220|title=معرفی شهرستان گرمی|accessdate=2017-11-08}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1395/03/16/1095521/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%BE%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%87-%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%87%D9%85%DA%86%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%86%D8%B4%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%87-%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C|title="گرمی" بهشتی پنهان|accessdate=2017-11-08}} 9. ^{{IranCensus2017|24}} 10. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20070830111833/http://www.ibchamber.org/Magazine%2014/ardabil.htm Speech by the British Ambassador on Presentation of Credentials]
External links
2 : Populated places in Germi County|Cities in Ardabil Province |
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