| 词条 | GiveWell |
| 释义 |
| Non-profit_name = GiveWell | Non-profit_logo = GiveWell logo.png | caption = | type = Charity evaluator United States IRS exemption status: 501(c)(3), ruling year 2007[1] | predecessor = | successor = | founded_date = {{start date and age|2007}} | founder = Holden Karnofsky, Elie Hassenfeld | location_city = San Francisco, California | location_country = U.S. | location = | area_served = Global | key_people = | num_employees = | homepage = {{URL|https://givewell.org}} }} GiveWell is an American non-profit charity assessment and effective altruism-focused organization. GiveWell focuses primarily on the cost-effectiveness of the organizations that it evaluates, rather than traditional metrics such as the percentage of the organization's budget that is spent on overhead. HistoryIn 2006 Holden Karnofsky and Elie Hassenfeld, who worked at a hedge fund in Connecticut, formed an informal group with colleagues to evaluate charities based on data and performance metrics similar to those they used at the fund, and were surprised to find the data often didn't exist.[2] The next year, Karnofsky and Hassenfeld formed GiveWell as a nonprofit to provide financial analyst services to donors.[2][4] They eventually decided to rate charities based on the metric of how much money it cost to save a life.[3][4] In the first year, funding to run the nonprofit was provided by a fund called the Clear Fund into which the former members of informal club, now directors of GiveWell, had put around $300,000, with about half of that going to fund the organization.[5] In the first year, Karnofsky and Hassenfeld advocated that charities should generally spend more money on overhead, so that they could pay for staff and record keeping to track how effective their efforts were; this ran counter to standard ways of evaluating charities based on the ratio of overhead to funds deployed for the charity work itself.[6] In late 2007, GiveWell's founders promoted the organization on several internet blogs and forums using sockpuppets to ask questions about where to find good information about how to donate and then answering them, recommending GiveWell.[7] GiveWell's board of directors investigated and found that the founders Karnofsky and Hassenfeld had acted inappropriately and as a result, it fined each of them $5000 and Karnofsky was demoted from executive director to a program director.[7][8] In 2008, GiveWell received funding from the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation's Nonprofit Marketplace Initiative. The Hewlett Foundation continued to be a major funder of GiveWell until March 2014, when the Hewlett Foundation announced that it was ending the Nonprofit Marketplace Initiative based on a 2010 study it commissioned that found that only 3% of donors selected charities based on performance metrics (rather than e.g. loyalty, personal connections, or faith), and a subsequent 2012 study showing that efforts to provide better data were not changing that pattern.[9] In 2013, GiveWell moved its offices to San Francisco where people in Silicon Valley had become strong supporters of the effective altruism philosophy.[2] Givewell's approach is data-driven, and they recommend charities which work in the developing world.[10] Open Philanthropy ProjectIn 2011, Good Ventures, founded with $8.3 billion by husband and wife Dustin Moskovitz and Cari Tuna, partnered with GiveWell to set up a partner organization called the Open Philanthropy Project, as a vehicle to direct the funding done by Good Ventures.[11][12] In 2015, Mike Krieger and his fiancee Kaitlyn Trigger pledged $750,000 to the Open Philanthropy Project over two years, with 10% going to fund the operations of the project.[13] Open Philanthropy project has investigated giving money to criminal justice reform[13] and a range of other policy areas,[14] and has funded work into mitigating risks of artificial intelligence,[15][16][17] biosecurity,[18] and global health.[19] In 2017, the Open Philanthropy Project separated from GiveWell, and upon Karnofsky stepping down as Co-Executive Director of GiveWell, Elie Hassenfeld became GiveWell's sole Executive Director. [20] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Clear Fund|url=https://www.guidestar.org/profile/20-8625442|access-date=4 April 2017}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/03/26/elie-hassenfeld-givewell_n_6927320.html|title = That Time A Hedge Funder Quit His Job And Then Raised $60 Million For Charity|last = Pitney|first = Nico|date = March 26, 2015|accessdate = April 27, 2015|publisher = Huffington Post|quote=The tech community around Silicon Valley has embraced the movement with particular enthusiasm, and GiveWell moved its offices to San Francisco in 2013.}} 3. ^Patricia Illingworth, Thomas Pogge, Leif Wenar. Giving Well: The Ethics of Philanthropy, Oxford University Press US, 2011. [https://books.google.com/books?id=-GpuK9OsvN0C&pg=PA124 p. 124] 4. ^Peter Singer. The Life You Can Save: Acting Now To End World Poverty, Random House, 2009. Ch. 6, [https://books.google.com/books?id=gGn4cdxEgvEC&pg=PA81 pp. 81–104] 5. ^{{cite news|last1=Strom|first1=Stephanie|title=2 Young Hedge-Fund Veterans Stir Up the World of Philanthropy|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/20/us/20charity.html|work=The New York Times|date=20 December 2007}} 6. ^1 {{cite web|title=Young Duo to 'Clear' the Way for Charitable Giving|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=17571316|work=National Public Radio}} 7. ^1 {{cite news |title=Founder of a Nonprofit Is Punished by Its Board for Engaging in an Internet Ruse |author= Stephanie Strom |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/08/us/08givewell.html|newspaper=The New York Times |date=8 January 2008 |accessdate=13 September 2011}} 8. ^{{cite news|last1=Strom|first1=Stephanie|title=Nonprofit Punishes a 2nd Founder for Ruse|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/15/us/15givewell.html|work=The New York Times|date=15 January 2008}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hewlett.org/blog/posts/strengthening-our-sector|title = Strengthening Our Sector|date = March 11, 2014|accessdate = September 6, 2014|publisher = William and Flora Hewlett Foundation|last = Louie|first = Lindsay|last2 = Twersky|first2 = Fay}} 10. ^{{cite news|last1=Aizenman|first1=Nurith|title=On #GivingTuesday, How To Get The Most Bang For Your Charity Buck|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2017/11/27/566814277/on-givingtuesday-how-to-get-the-most-bang-for-your-charity-buck|accessdate=27 February 2018|work=NPR.org|agency=National Public Radio|publisher=NPR|date=November 27, 2017|language=en}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://philanthropy.com/blogs/the-giveaway/another-facebook-co-founder-gets-philanthropic/1304|title = Another Facebook Co-Founder Gets Philanthropic|last = Preston|first = Caroline|publisher = Chronicle of Philanthropy|date = January 10, 2012|accessdate = March 25, 2014}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bcgperspectives.com/content/articles/innovation-strategy-how-tech-entrepreneurs-are-disrupting-philanthropy/ |title=bcg.perspectives - How Tech Entrepreneurs Are Disrupting Philanthropy |publisher=The Boston Consulting Group |date=February 10, 2016 |author1=Nicole Bennett |author2=Ashley Carter |author3=Romney Resney |author4=Wendy Woods |last-author-amp=yes |accessdate= September 12, 2017}} 13. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.vox.com/2015/4/24/8457895/givewell-open-philanthropy-charity|title = You have $8 billion. You want to do as much good as possible. What do you do?|last = Matthews|first = Dylan|authorlink = Dylan Matthews|date = April 24, 2015|accessdate = April 27, 2015|publisher = Vox}} 14. ^{{cite journal|last1=Berkey|first1=Brian|title=The Institutional Critique of Effective Altruism|journal=Utilitas|page=22|url=https://faculty.wharton.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/The-Institutional-Critique-of-Effective-Altruism.pdf|accessdate=12 September 2017}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.betaboston.com/news/2015/07/01/boston-group-awards-10m-from-elon-musk-to-jump-start-artificial-intelligence-research/ |title=Boston group awards $6m from Elon Musk to jump-start artificial intelligence research |newspaper=Boston Globe |date=July 1, 2015 |author=Elizabeth Preston |accessdate= March 20, 2016}} 16. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-07-01/musk-backed-group-probes-risks-behind-artificial-intelligence |title=Musk-Backed Group Probes Risks Behind Artificial Intelligence |newspaper=Bloomberg Business |date=July 1, 2015 |author=Jack Clark |accessdate=March 20, 2016}} 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://fortune.com/2015/07/01/elon-musk-artificial-intelligence/ |title=Why Elon Musk is donating millions to make artificial intelligence safer |first=Jonathan |last=Vanian |date=July 1, 2015 |accessdate=March 19, 2016 |publisher=Fortune}} 18. ^{{cite journal|last1=Yassif|first1=J|title=Reducing Global Catastrophic Biological Risks.|journal=Health security|date=2017|volume=15|issue=4|pages=329–330|doi=10.1089/hs.2017.0049|pmid=28745920|pmc=5576261}} 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.insidephilanthropy.com/home/2016/3/9/leverage-why-this-silicon-valley-funder-is-doubling-down-on.html |title=Leverage: Why This Silicon Valley Funder Is Doubling Down on a Beltway Think Tank |publisher=Inside Philanthropy |date=March 9, 2016 |accessdate=March 19, 2016}} 20. ^https://blog.givewell.org/2017/06/12/separating-givewell-open-philanthropy-project/ Further reading
External links{{Commons category}}
2 : Charity review websites|Non-profit organizations based in California |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。