| 词条 | Giwargis I | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Giwargis I was patriarch of the Church of the East from 661 to 680. SourcesBrief accounts of Giwargis's patriarchate are given in the Ecclesiastical Chronicle of the Jacobite writer Bar Hebraeus (floruit 1280) and in the ecclesiastical histories of the Nestorian writers Mari (twelfth-century), {{transl|ar|DIN|ʿ}}Amr (fourteenth-century) and Sliba (fourteenth-century); also, in veiled and biased form, John bar Penkaye (fl. late 680s). A fuller account of the reign of Giwargis, describing in detail his quarrel with the metropolitan Giwargis of Nisibis, who opposed his election, is given by Thomas of Marga in his Book of Governors. Thomas drew on a lost ecclesiastical history of the Church of the East written by Athqen, a monk of the monastery of Mar Abraham on Mount Izla.[1] Giwargis held a synod at Dairin in Beth Qatraye in 676 to reconcile the bishops of Beth Qatraye with the metropolitan of Fars. The acts of this synod have survived, and their Syriac text was published with a French translation in J. B. Chabot's Synodicon Orientale (Paris, 1902). Giwargis's patriarchateThe following account of Giwargis's patriarchate is given by Bar Hebraeus:
Also of his time, John bar Penkaye wrote: "This period of calm was to us the cause of so much weakness, that there happened to us what happened to the Israelites, of whom it is said: “Israel has grown fat and lazy, he has become fat and wealthy, he has abandoned the God who made him, and despised the strong one that saved him.” The westerners, it is true, clung tightly to their sacrilegious (faith), but we who believe we adhere to the true faith, we were so far from the works of Christians, that if one of the former had risen and had seen us, he would have had been dizzy and said: “this is not the faith in which I died.”"[3] Bar Penkaye specifically hits "the leaders" under Muawiyah - which can only be Giwargis - for arrogance, for greed, for gluttony, for involvement in politics, and for bribing the secular authorities (also applicable to Ishoyahb III). Signatories
See also
ReferencesCitations1. ^Thomas of Marga, Book of Governors (ed. Wallis Budge), ii. 179–89 2. ^Bar Hebraeus, Ecclesiastical Chronicle (ed. Abeloos and Lamy), ii. 130–2 3. ^[Rish Melle 15 | http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/john_bar_penkaye_history_15_trans.htm], translated Alphonse Mingana 1907, Sebastian Brock 1987, and Roger Pearse 2010 Bibliography
External links{{S-start}}{{S-bef|before=Isho{{transl|ar|DIN|ʿ}}yahb III(649–659)}}{{S-ttl|title=Catholicus-Patriarch of the East|years=(661–680)}}{{S-aft|after=Yohannan I (680–683)}}{{end}}{{Patriarchs of the Church of the East}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Giwargis 01}} 2 : Patriarchs of the Church of the East|Bishops of the Assyrian Church of the East |
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