| 词条 | Gloster Goring | |||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Gloster Goring was a single-engined two-seat biplane designed to meet 1926 Air Ministry specifications for a day/torpedo bomber. It was not put into production and the one aircraft built served later as an engine testbed. DevelopmentEarly in 1926 the Air Ministry issued two specifications, 23/25 for a two-seat day bomber, torpedo bomber and reconnaissance aircraft, followed by 24/25 for a high-altitude bomber. These two specifications brought out prototypes from several makers: the Blackburn Beagle, Handley Page Hare, Hawker Harrier, Vickers Vildebeest and Westland Witch. The Goring was Gloster's submission, aimed, like most of the other machines at both specifications.[1]The Goring[1][2] was a single bay biplane with staggered wings of unequal span and slight sweep. They were based on spruce spars with internal wire bracing. The lower wing was angled downwards briefly as it left the fuselage, enabling a shorter-than-usual undercarriage. Short struts ran from the wing joint of this centre section to mid-fuselage. The fuselage was also a wooden structure of rectangular cross-section formed by ash longerons. Wings and fuselage were fabric covered. The pilot sat below the upper wing trailing edge with a cutout for visibility. The gunner sat behind in a second open cockpit fitted with a Scarff ring for a Vickers machine gun. The rear cockpit also allowed the gunner to assume a prone position for bombing. The tailplane was strut braced and the fin was low with a broad chord. Both rudder and elevators had horn balances which projected beyond the fixed surfaces. The standard undercarriage was a simple single axle arrangement, but it could be replaced with a split axle unit to allow the carrying and dropping of torpedoes. In addition the Goring could operate as a seaplane. The floats were accompanied by a rudder enlarged by an extension below the fuselage.[1] The Goring originally flew in March 1927 with an uncowled direct-drive 425 hp (315 kW) Bristol Jupiter VI. Later in the year this engine was replaced by a geared 460 hp (345 kW) Bristol Jupiter VIII and flew in both land- and seaplane configurations.[1] Operational historyAt RAF Martlesham Heath in 1928 the Goring powered by the Jupiter VIII competed with the Hare, Harrier and Witch over the 23/25 specification. In the event none of them satisfied the Air Ministry, probably because they had anticipated higher performing aircraft powered by the supercharged Jupiter VII and X variants which had been unavailable owing to development difficulties.[1] In 1930 the Goring returned to Gloster's works at Hucclecote to be converted once more to a seaplane and it remained in that guise over 1931, doing extensive flying from Calshot. Later it returned as a landplane to test the now airworthy Jupiter XF, at the same time having its fin area reduced by a narrower, straight edged surface.[1] The Goring's final role was as an engine testbed at Bristol's Filton works where it flew in turn with the 745 hp (555 kW) Bristol Mercury VIIA, the 570 hp (425 kW) Bristol Pegasus II and the sleeve valved 670 hp (500 kW) Bristol Perseus II radial engines, the second and third of these at least within a wide chord cowling.[1] Specifications (landplane){{aerospecs|ref={{harvnb|James|1971|pp=144}} |met or eng?=eng |crew=two |capacity= |length m=9.14 |length ft=30 |length in=0 |span m=12.18 |span ft=42 |span in=0 |swept m= |swept ft= |swept in= |rot number= |rot dia m= |rot dia ft= |rot dia in= |dia m= |dia ft= |dia in= |width m= |width ft= |width in= |height m=3.50 |height ft=11 |height in=6 |wing area sqm=41.8 |wing area sqft=450 |swept area sqm= |swept area sqft= |rot area sqm= |rot area sqft= |volume m3= |volume ft3= |aspect ratio= |wing profile= |empty weight kg=1,321 |empty weight lb=2,914 |gross weight kg=2,437 |gross weight lb=5,650 |lift kg= |lift lb= |eng1 number=1 |eng1 type=Bristol Jupiter VIII 9-cylinder radial |eng1 kw=345 |eng1 hp=460 |eng1 kn= |eng1 lbf= |eng1 kn-ab= |eng1 lbf-ab= |eng2 number= |eng2 type= |eng2 kw= |eng2 hp= |eng2 kn= |eng2 lbf= |eng2 kn-ab= |eng2 lbf-ab= |max speed kmh=218 |max speed mph=at 4,000 ft (1,219 m) 136 |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh= |cruise speed mph= |stall speed kmh= |stall speed mph= |range km= |range miles= |endurance h= |endurance min= |ceiling m=5,030 |ceiling ft=16,500 |g limits= |roll rate= |glide ratio= |climb rate ms=3.91 |climb rate ftmin=to 10,000 ft (3,050 m) 770 |sink rate ms= |sink rate ftmin= |armament1=1×fixed synchronised forward firing 0.303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine gun |armament2=1× 0.303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis gun on Scarff ring in rear cockpit |armament3=underwing bomb racks and under fuselage torpedo crutches , max load 690 lb (313 kg) |armament4= |armament5= |armament6= }}{{aircontent |see also= |related= |similar aircraft= |lists= }} References{{Commons category}}1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{harvnb|James|1971|pp=140–4}} {{refbegin}}2. ^Flight 24 May 1928
4 : British bomber aircraft 1920–1929|Gloster aircraft|Biplanes|Single-engined tractor aircraft |
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