| 释义 |
- References
- Further reading
{{Infobox_gene}}Progonadoliberin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNRH2 gene.[1][2][3]The protein encoded by this gene is a preproprotein that is cleaved to form a secreted 10 aa peptide hormone, QHWSHGWYPG.[4] The secreted decapeptide regulates reproduction in females by stimulating the secretion of both luteinizing- and follicle-stimulating hormones. Three transcript variants that encode unique proproteins but the same peptide hormone have been found for this gene.[3] The peptide belongs to gonadotropin-releasing hormone family. References1. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=White RB, Eisen JA, Kasten TL, Fernald RD | title = Second gene for gonadotropin-releasing hormone in humans | journal = Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A | volume = 95 | issue = 1 | pages = 305–9 |date=Feb 1998 | pmid = 9419371 | pmc = 18209 | doi =10.1073/pnas.95.1.305 }}
2. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Chen A, Ganor Y, Rahimipour S, Ben-Aroya N, Koch Y, Levite M | title = The neuropeptides GnRH-II and GnRH-I are produced by human T cells and trigger laminin receptor gene expression, adhesion, chemotaxis and homing to specific organs | journal = Nat Med | volume = 8 | issue = 12 | pages = 1421–6 |date=Nov 2002 | pmid = 12447356 | pmc = | doi = 10.1038/nm801 }}
3. ^1 {{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GNRH2 gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2797| accessdate = }}
4. ^{{cite web |title=GNRH2 - Progonadoliberin-2 precursor - Homo sapiens (Human) - GNRH2 gene & protein |url=https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O43555 |website=uniprot |accessdate=19 January 2019}}
Further reading{{refbegin | 2}}- {{cite journal | author=Neill JD |title=GnRH and GnRH receptor genes in the human genome |journal=Endocrinology |volume=143 |issue= 3 |pages= 737–43 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11861490 |doi=10.1210/en.143.3.737 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Leung PC, Cheng CK, Zhu XM |title=Multi-factorial role of GnRH-I and GnRH-II in the human ovary |journal=Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. |volume=202 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 145–53 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12770744 |doi= 10.1016/S0303-7207(03)00076-5}}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Limonta P, Moretti RM, Marelli MM, Motta M |title=The biology of gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone: role in the control of tumor growth and progression in humans |journal=Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology |volume=24 |issue= 4 |pages= 279–95 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14726258 |doi=10.1016/j.yfrne.2003.10.003 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Bloch B, Gaillard RC, Culler MD, Negro-Vilar A |title=Immunohistochemical detection of proluteinizing hormone-releasing hormone peptides in neurons in the human hypothalamus |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=74 |issue= 1 |pages= 135–8 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1727812 |doi=10.1210/jc.74.1.135 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Chen A, Laskar-Levy O, Ben-Aroya N, Koch Y |title=Transcriptional regulation of the human GnRH II gene is mediated by a putative cAMP response element |journal=Endocrinology |volume=142 |issue= 8 |pages= 3483–92 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11459794 |doi=10.1210/en.142.8.3483 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J |title=The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20 |journal=Nature |volume=414 |issue= 6866 |pages= 865–71 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11780052 |doi= 10.1038/414865a |display-authors=etal}}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Gründker C, Günthert AR, Millar RP, Emons G |title=Expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone II (GnRH-II) receptor in human endometrial and ovarian cancer cells and effects of GnRH-II on tumor cell proliferation |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=87 |issue= 3 |pages= 1427–30 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11889221 |doi=10.1210/jc.87.3.1427 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Chen A, Zi K, Laskar-Levy O, Koch Y |title=The transcription of the hGnRH-I and hGnRH-II genes in human neuronal cells is differentially regulated by estrogen |journal=J. Mol. Neurosci. |volume=18 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 67–76 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11931351 |doi=10.1385/JMN:18:1-2:65 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 |display-authors=etal}}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Cheng CK, Hoo RL, Chow BK, Leung PC |title=Functional cooperation between multiple regulatory elements in the untranslated exon 1 stimulates the basal transcription of the human GnRH-II gene |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=17 |issue= 7 |pages= 1175–91 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12663744 |doi= 10.1210/me.2002-0418 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Islami D, Bischof P, Chardonnens D |title=Possible interactions between leptin, gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH-I and II) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) |journal=Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. |volume=110 |issue= 2 |pages= 169–75 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12969578 |doi=10.1016/S0301-2115(03)00185-4 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Chou CS, Beristain AG, MacCalman CD, Leung PC |title=Cellular localization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) I and GnRH II in first-trimester human placenta and decidua |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=89 |issue= 3 |pages= 1459–66 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15001648 |doi=10.1210/jc.2003-031636 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA |title=The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 | pmc=528928 |display-authors=etal}}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=An BS, Choi JH, Choi KC, Leung PC |title=Differential role of progesterone receptor isoforms in the transcriptional regulation of human gonadotropin-releasing hormone I (GnRH I) receptor, GnRH I, and GnRH II |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=90 |issue= 2 |pages= 1106–13 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15562029 |doi= 10.1210/jc.2004-0318 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Tanriverdi F, Gonzalez-Martinez D, Silveira LF |title=Expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone type-I (GnRH-I) and type-II (GnRH-II) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs) and regulation of B-lymphoblastoid cell proliferation by GnRH-I and GnRH-II |journal=Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes |volume=112 |issue= 10 |pages= 587–94 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15578334 |doi= 10.1055/s-2004-830404 |display-authors=etal}}
{{refend}}{{gene-20-stub}} 1 : Precursor proteins |