| 词条 | Gravitaxis |
| 释义 |
Gravitaxis is different from gravitropism in a way that the latter is more about the growth response of an organism to gravity. Taxis{{main|Taxis}}Taxis is a behavioral response of a cell or an organism to an external stimulus. The movement is characteristically directional. The movement may be positive or negative. A positive taxis is one in which the organism or a cell moves towards the source of stimulation (attraction). A negative taxis is when the organism or a cell moves away from the source of stimulation (repulsion). ExamplesIt can be seen in many microorganisms including Euglena.[3] The response of planktonic larvae of Lithodes aequispinus (king crab) to gravity is another example of gravitaxis.[2] They show both positive and negative gravitaxes in a way that they move either upward (negative) or downward (positive). Gravitaxis can also be observed in Drosophila.[4] EtymologyThe term is coined from gravi- meaning gravity, and taxis or the movement of an organism in response to a stimulus. See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Gravitaxis|accessdate=25 March 2018|title=Gravitaxis - Biology-Online Dictionary}} {{wiktionary}}{{Taxes (Biology)}}2. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Adams|first1=C. F.|last2=Paul|first2=A. J.|title=Phototaxis and Geotaxis of Light-Adapted Zoeae of the Golden King Crab Lithodes aequispinus (Anomura: Lithodidae) in the Laboratory|journal=Journal of Crustacean Biology|date=February 1999|volume=19|issue=1|pages=106|doi=10.2307/1549552|jstor=1549552}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Häder|first1=DP|last2=Hemmersbach|first2=R|title=Gravitaxis in Euglena.|journal=Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology|date=2017|volume=979|pages=237–266|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-54910-1_12|pmid=28429325|isbn=978-3-319-54908-8}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Armstrong|first1=JD|last2=Texada|first2=MJ|last3=Munjaal|first3=R|last4=Baker|first4=DA|last5=Beckingham|first5=KM|title=Gravitaxis in Drosophila melanogaster: a forward genetic screen.|journal=Genes, Brain, and Behavior|date=April 2006|volume=5|issue=3|pages=222–39|doi=10.1111/j.1601-183X.2005.00154.x|pmid=16594976}} 4 : Taxes (biology)|Cell biology|Motile cells|Perception |
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