“GRB 030329”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

GRB 030329 was a gamma-ray burst (GRB) that was detected on 29 March 2003 at 11:37 UTC. A gamma-ray burst is a highly luminous flash associated with an explosion in a distant galaxy and producing gamma rays, the most energetic form of electromagnetic radiation, and often followed by a longer-lived "afterglow" emitted at longer wavelengths (X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, infrared, and radio). GRB 030329 was the first burst whose afterglow definitively exhibited characteristics of a supernova, confirming the existence of a relationship between the two phenomena.

Observations

GRB 030329 was one of three gamma-ray bursts detected on 29 March 2003. The other two were labeled GRB 030329a^[1] and GRB 030329b.^[2] GRB 030329 was detected by multiple instruments onboard HETE at 11:37 UTC and lasted approximately 25 seconds.^[3] The burst's optical afterglow was first observed from Siding Spring Observatory less than two hours after the burst had been detected.^[4] The X-ray afterglow was first detected by RXTE approximately five hours after the burst.^[5] The radio afterglow was first detected by the Very Large Array and, at the time of its discovery, was the brightest radio afterglow ever observed.^[6] The burst was located at a sky position of R.A. = {{RA|10|44|49.95957}}, Dec. = {{DEC|+21|31|17.4375}} and had a redshift of z = 0.1685, corresponding to a distance of 587 Mpc.^[7]

Supernova relation

GRB 030329's proximity to Earth enabled its afterglow to be studied in great detail. A spectrum taken of the burst's optical afterglow on 6 April 2003 showed peaks at approximately 570 nm and 470 nm. This spectrum was reproduced by combining a power-law distribution with the spectrum from SN 1998bw.^[8] These supernova-like features continued to develop in the weeks after the initial burst.^[9] Optical observations taken at Kitt Peak National Observatory on indicated that the burst's optical afterglow was brighter than a power-law decay would have predicted, a deviation that could have been explained by additional light from a supernova.^[10] On 10 April 2003, NASA announced that GRB 030329 had provided the definitive link between gamma-ray bursts and supernovae.^[11] The supernova was later referred to as SN 2003dh.^[12]

Notes

1. ^{{cite journal | title = GRB030329a: detection by Konus-Wind | author = Frederiks, Dmitry | journal = GCN Circulars | volume = 2026 | date = 30 March 2003 | url =http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/2026.gcn3 |page=1| bibcode = 2003GCN..2026....1G }}
2. ^{{cite journal | title = GRB030329b: detection by Konus-Wind and Helicon-CoronasF | author = Frederiks, Dmitry | journal = GCN Circulars | volume = 2025 | date = 30 March 2003 | url =http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/2025.gcn3 |page=1| bibcode = 2003GCN..2025....1G }}
3. ^{{cite journal | title = GRB030329 (=H2652): A Long, Extremely Bright GRB Localized by the HETE WXM and SXC | author = Lamb, Don | journal = GCN Circulars | volume = 1997 | date = 29 March 2003 | url =http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/1997.gcn3 |page=1| bibcode =2003GCN..1997....1V}}
4. ^{{cite journal | title = GRB 030329: Optical afterglow candidate | author = Price, Paul | journal = GCN Circulars | volume = 1985 | date = 29 March 2003 | url =http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/1985.gcn3 |page=1| bibcode =2003GCN..1985....1P }}
5. ^{{cite journal | title = RXTE detection of GRB 030329 afterglow | author = Marshall, Frank | journal = GCN Circulars | volume = 1996 | date = 29 March 2003 | url =http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/1996.gcn3 |page=1| bibcode =2003GCN..1996....1M }}
6. ^{{cite journal | title = GRB 030329: Radio Observations | author = Berger, Edo | journal = GCN Circulars | volume = 2014 | date = 30 March 2003 | url =http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/2014.gcn3 |page=1| bibcode =2003GCN..2014....1B }}
7. ^{{cite journal | title = Stirring the Embers: High-Sensitivity VLBI Observations of GRB 030329 | last = Pihlström | first = Y. L. | last2 = Taylor | first2 = G. B. | last3 = Granot | first3 = J. | last4 = Doeleman | first4 = S. | journal = Astrophysical Journal | volume = 664 | issue = 1 | pages = 411 | doi = 10.1086/518955 | date = 20 July 2007 | bibcode=2007ApJ...664..411P|arxiv = 0704.2085 }}
8. ^{{cite journal | title = GRB 030329: Supernova Spectrum Emerging | author = Stanek, Krzysztof Z. | journal = GCN Circulars | volume = 2107 | date = 7 April 2003 | url =http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/2107.gcn3 |page=1| bibcode =2003GCN..2107....1M}}
9. ^{{cite journal | title = GRB 030329: Supernova Confirmed | author = Stanek, Krzysztof Z. | journal = GCN Circulars | volume = 2120 | date = 8 April 2003 | url =http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/2120.gcn3 |page=1| bibcode =2003GCN..2120....1M}}
10. ^{{cite journal | title = GRB 030329: SARA Optical Observations | author = Lindsay, Kevin | journal = GCN Circulars | volume = 2143 | date = 16 April 2003 | url = http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/2143.gcn3 |page=1| bibcode = 2003GCN..2143....1L}}
11. ^{{cite press release | title = It's a Supernova! | publisher = NASA Science News | date = 10 April 2003 | url = https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2003/10apr_grb/}}
12. ^{{cite journal | title = Spectroscopic Discovery of the Supernova 2003dh Associated with GRB0303291 | first9 = R. | last10 = Krisciunas | first10 = K. | last11 = Calkins | first11 = M. L. | last12 = Lee | first12 = J. C. | last13 = Hathi | first13 = N. | last14 = Jansen | first14 = R. A. | last15 = Windhorst | first15 = R. | last16 = Echevarria | first16 = L. | last17 = Eisenstein | first17 = D. J. | last18 = Pindor | first18 = B. | last19 = Olszewski | first19 = E. W. | last20 = Harding | first20 = P. | last21 = Holland | first21 = S. T. | last22 = Bersier | first22 = D. | last9 = Schild | first8 = W. R. | last8 = Brown | first7 = P. | last7 = Challis | first6 = N. | last6 = Caldwell | first5 = P. | last5 = Berlind | first4 = P. | last4 = Martini | first3 = P. M. | last3 = Garnavich | first2 = T. | last2 = Matheson | author = Stanek, Krzysztof Z. | journal = Astrophysical Journal | volume = 591 | pages = L17–L20 | doi = 10.1086/376976 | date = 12 June 2003 | bibcode=2003ApJ...591L..17S|arxiv = astro-ph/0304173 }}