| 词条 | Grob Strato 2C | ||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Grob Strato 2C was a German experimental high altitude research aircraft. Powered by two turbocharged piston engines and featuring an extremely long span wing of composite construction, one aircraft was built in the 1990s, but was abandoned despite setting a world altitude record for piston-engined aircraft on its last flight. Development and designIn April 1992, the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V - DLR) commenced a programme to develop an aircraft to carry out atmospheric, stratospheric and climatic research.[1] It chose Grob Aerospace to design and build an aircraft to meet these requirements, based both on its experience in use of composite material in aircraft structures together with its successful development of the Egrett surveillance aircraft, with the aircraft expected to be operational by 1996.[2] In order to meet the requirement to operate at an altitude of 24,000 m (78,700 ft) for 48 hours,[3] Grob designed a twin-engined aircraft with a straight, very high aspect ratio wing of 56.5 m (185 ft 4½ in) span.[4] The wings featured winglets, and were mounted across the top of the fuselage which terminated in a T-tail configuration. The aircraft was designed to be crewed by two pilots, and could accommodate two scientists and associated mission equipment in a pressurised cabin. A galley, rest facilities and a toilet were provided.[1] Unlike the Egrett, which was powered by a single turboprop engine, the Strato was powered by two wing-mounted pusher compound engines consisting of a turbocharged piston engine with the Gas Generator from a PW127 turboprop engine to provide a constant supply of pressurised air to the piston engine at high altitude. This had the advantage of maintaining power at high altitudes.[4] Each engine drove a 6 m (19 ft 8 in) diameter five-bladed propeller.[1] Construction of the airframe moulds started mid-November 1992, with airframe construction beginning in April the following year, starting with the tailplane. The airframe was completed in 1994 and engine installation commenced.[1] Operational historyThe prototype first flew on 31 March 1995.[5] Costs overran, however, and the prototype, which was intended as a Proof of Concept aircraft with off the shelf equipment and a heavier wing structure than planned for the production aircraft,[6] was late and did not deliver the expected performance.[7] Despite setting a world altitude record for manned piston-engined aircraft of 18,552 m (60,897 ft) on 4 August 1995,[8] on its 29th and what turned out to be final flight, the programme was cancelled by the DLR in 1996.[9] Specifications (Strato 2C){{aircraft specifications|plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=prop |ref=Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory 1999/2000[10] |crew=4 |capacity= |length main= 23.98 m |length alt= 78 ft 8 in |span main= 56.5 m |span alt= 185 ft 4½ in |height main= 7.76 m |height alt= 25 ft 5½ in |area main= 150 m² |area alt= 1,614 ft² |airfoil= |empty weight main= 6,650 kg |empty weight alt= 14,660 lb |loaded weight main= |loaded weight alt= |useful load main= |useful load alt= |max takeoff weight main= 13,350 kg |max takeoff weight alt= 29,432 lb |more general= |engine (prop)=Teledyne Continental TSIO-550 |type of prop= turbocharged piston engine with Pratt and Whitney PW127 gas generator |number of props=2 |power main= 300 kW |power alt= 402 hp |power original= |max speed main= Mach 0.56 |max speed alt= |cruise speed main= 500 km/h |cruise speed alt= 270 knots, 311 mph |cruise speed more = at 24,000 m.{{ref label|Note1|a|a}} |stall speed main= |stall speed alt= |never exceed speed main= km/h |never exceed speed alt= knots, mph |range main= 18,100 km{{ref label|Note1|a|a}} |range alt= 9.773 nm, 11,246 mi |ceiling main= 24,000 m{{ref label|Note1|a|a}} |ceiling alt= 78,740 ft |climb rate main= |climb rate alt= |loading main= |loading alt= |thrust/weight= |power/mass main= |power/mass alt= |more performance= |armament= |avionics= }} See also{{aircontent||related=*Grob/E-Systems/AlliedSignal Egrett |similar aircraft= |sequence= |lists= |see also= }} ReferencesNotes
1. ^1 2 3 Taylor, 1996, p.173. 2. ^Jeziorski Flight International 31 January - 6 February 1996, p.66. 3. ^Galleithner 2004, p.552. 4. ^1 Bents et al. 1998, p.4. 5. ^Jeziorski Flight International 12–18 April 1995, p.16. 6. ^Taylor, 1999, p.152. 7. ^Jeziorski, Flight International 31 January - 6 February 1996, p.67. 8. ^Taylor, 1999, p.151. 9. ^Jeziorski, Flight International 10–16 July 1996, p.4. 10. ^Taylor, 1999, pp.151-152. Bibliography{{refbegin}}
External links{{commons category|Grob Strato 2C}}
4 : German experimental aircraft 1990–1999|Grob aircraft|Twin-engined pusher aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1995 |
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