“Grégoire Ndahimana”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Grégoire Ndahimana (born 1952) is the former mayor of Kivumu, Rwanda. Indicted and arrested for alleged war crimes by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), Ndahimana is thought to be one of the key figures in the 1994 Rwandan Genocide, and is claimed to have had up to 6,000 Tutsi killed. He will stand trial in Arusha, Tanzania, where the ICTR currently holds its courts.

Role in Rwandan Genocide

Ndahimana was the mayor of Kivumu, his birth town in Rwanda, where he allegedly perpetrated the hunting and killing of Tutsi people. The ICTR indicted him of conspiring to kill up to 2,000 Tutsi civilians by ordering the bulldozing of a local church housing them.^[1] Ndahimana allegedly conspired with Athanase Seromba, a Catholic priest who was convicted by the ICTR in 2008 of the same massacre.^[1] Of the 6,000 Tutsis who had been living in Ndahimana's town while he was mayor, nearly all were killed in the genocide.^[3]

According to reports, Ndahimana, the local police, and various officials of the government allegedly started massing Tutsi refugees in the parish of Nyange on 10 April 1994. Approximately 2,000 refugees were inside. After a two-day siege, Ndahimana met with other leaders in the local area, including the parish priest, and, on April 15, the decision to bulldoze the church was made.^[2]

Search and capture

Ndahimana was among thirteen war criminals from the genocide thought uncaptured,^[3] and was considered a 'Category 1' suspect by the ICTR, a rank reserved for the perceived masterminds of the 1994 genocide.^[4] In May 2008, the US Department of State issued a Rewards for Justice poster stating that part of a US$5 million reward could be paid for information leading to his capture.^[5]

On August 11, 2009, Ndahimana was captured by a UN-backed^[6] joint Rwandan-Congolese task force. Ndahimana had been hiding amongst, and fighting alongside, FDLR rebels, according to Congolese Information Minister Lambert Mende. The FDLR, or Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda, is a group with a large component of Hutus who took part in the Rwandan genocide in 1994.^[3] The soldiers arrested Ndahimana in a village in North Kivu after catching him by surprise while he "was coming to look for some food within the local population,” according to army spokesperson Olivier Hamuli.^[1] The arrest was announced on the following day.^[7] Ndahimana had been in hiding for 15 years, and, according to Rwanda's justice minister Tharcisse Karugarama, was considered by the government to be “...one of the big ones."^[8] Ndahimana's trial is scheduled in Tanzania, where the ICTR is headquartered.^[9] On 20 September 2009, Ndahimana was transferred from DRC to custody of the ICTR in Arusha, Tanzania, where he is indicted.^[10]

References

1. ^{{cite news|title=Rwanda genocide suspect arrested in DR Congo |url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jP8FAWipvBBc1CErJqmV1EQ08tlw |publisher = AFP|date=12-08-2009| accessdate=2009-08-13}}
2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.trial-ch.org/en/trial-watch/profile/db/facts/gregoire_ndahimana_570.html |title=Grégoire Ndahimana on TrialWatch |publisher=TrialWatch |accessdate=2009-08-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080726032238/http://www.trial-ch.org/en/trial-watch/profile/db/facts/gregoire_ndahimana_570.html |archivedate=July 26, 2008 }}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://69.94.11.53/ENGLISH/cases/status.htm |title=ICTR Case Status (archived version) |publisher=ICTR |accessdate=2009-08-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090405065130/http://69.94.11.53/ENGLISH/cases/status.htm |archivedate=April 5, 2009 }}
4. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?art_id=nw20090812081841352C141638|title=Rwandan Fugitive Arrested|publisher=IOL|date=12-08-09|accessdate=2009-08-13}}
5. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thetimes.co.za/News/Article.aspx?id=765553|title=Rwards offered for Rwanda info|publisher=The Times|date=13-05-08|accessdate=2009-08-13}}
6. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/world/2009/0813/1224252499908.html|title=In Short|publisher=Irish Times|date=12-08-09|accessdate=2009-08-13}}
7. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8198310.stm|title=Genocide suspect found in Congo|publisher=BBC|date=12-08-09|accessdate=2009-08-13}}
8. ^¹²{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/13/world/africa/13rwanda.html?em|title=Suspect in Rwandan Genocide Is Captured After 15 Years in Hiding|publisher=New York Times|author=Josh Kron|date=August 13, 2009|accessdate=2009-08-13}}
9. ^¹²{{cite news|title =DRC Forces Capture Major Rwandan Genocide Suspect |publisher = Voice of America|url=http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-08-13-voa20.cfm |author=Alan Boswell |date=2009-08-13| accessdate=2009-08-13}}
10. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2009/09/20/world/international-uk-congo-democratic-rwanda.html|title=Congo Transfers Suspect to Rwanda Genocide Court|publisher=New York Times|date=20-08-09|accessdate=2009-08-25}}