| 释义 |
- History Prehistory and Ancient history Middle Ages Early modern period Late modern period
- Government Municipal government Mayors
- Economy
- Geography
- Climate
- Main sights Religious sites Palaces and manors Museums Other monuments Main factories Other infrastructure
- Culture Wine Carthusian breed of horses Flamenco Festivals Other institutions
- Sport Circuito de Jerez Complejo Municipal de Chapín Domecq Stadium Juventud Stadium Antonio Fernández Marchán Stadium Other sports complexes Other sports
- Education University of Cádiz
- Transportation Airport Train Bus Intercity buses Roads Bicycle
- Demographics Evolution Population distribution Immigration
- People
- International relations Twin towns – Sister cities
- See also
- References
- Bibliography
- External links
{{Redirect2|Jerez|Xeres|the wine|Sherry|the wine grape|Graciano|other uses|Jerez (disambiguation)}}{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jerez
| settlement_type = Municipality
| official_name = Jerez de la Frontera
| native_name =
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = El Gallo Azul (33017821962).jpg {{!}} Gallo Azul
| photo1b = Rotonda minotauro jerez frontera 01.JPG {{!}} Rotonda Minotauro
| photo2a = AlcazarJerez.JPG {{!}} Alcázar de Jerez
| photo2b = Jerez station.jpg {{!}} Estación de Jerez
| photo3b = Catedral de Jerez.jpg{{!}} Catedral de Jerez.
| spacing = 2
| border = 0
| color = #F2F2F2
| size = 275
}}
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_flag = Flag of Jerez de la Frontera.svg
| image_shield = Coat of Arms of Jerez de la Frontera.svg
| nickname =
| motto =
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = Spain Province of Cádiz#Spain Andalusia#Spain
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| pushpin_map1 =
| pushpin_label_position1 =
| pushpin_map_caption1 =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Spain}}
| subdivision_type1 = Autonomous community
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Andalusia}}
| subdivision_type2 = Province
| subdivision_name2 = Cádiz
| subdivision_type3 = Comarca
| subdivision_name3 = Campiña de Jerez
| subdivision_type4 = Judicial district
| subdivision_name4 = Jerez de la Frontera
| subdivision_type5 = Municipal association
| subdivision_name5 = Municipios de la Bahía de Cádiz
| seat_type =
| seat =
| coordinates = {{coord|36|40|54|N|06|08|16|W|region:ES_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 56
| elevation_min_m =
| elevation_max_m =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 1188.23
| established_title =
| established_date =
| population_footnotes = | population_total = 212915| population_as_of = 2017| population_rank = 25th, Spain| population_demonym = Jerezanos| population_note =| population_density_km2 = auto| blank_name_sec1 = Official language(s)| blank_info_sec1 = Andaluz, Spanish| timezone = CET| utc_offset = +1| timezone_DST = CEST| utc_offset_DST = +2| postal_code_type = Postal code| postal_code = 11401 – 11409| area_code_type = Area code| area_code =| leader_title = Mayor| leader_name = Mamen Sánchez Díaz | leader_party = PSOE| website = {{URL|www.jerez.es}}| footnotes =}}Jerez de la Frontera ({{IPA-es|xeˈɾeθ ðe la fɾonˈteɾa}}), or simply Jerez ({{IPA-es|xeˈɾeθ|pron}}), is a Spanish city and municipality in the province of Cádiz in the autonomous community of Andalusia, in southwestern Spain, located midway between the Atlantic Ocean and the Cádiz Mountains. {{as of|2015}}, the city, the largest in the province, had a population of 212,876. It is the fifth largest in Andalusia, and has become the transportation and communications hub of the province, surpassing even Cádiz, the provincial capital, in economic activity. Jerez de la Frontera is also, in terms of land area, the largest municipality in the province, and its sprawling outlying areas are a fertile zone for agriculture. There are also many cattle ranches and horse-breeding operations, as well as a world-renowned wine industry (Xerez).Currently, Jerez, with 212,876 inhabitants, is the 25th largest city in Spain, the 5th in Andalusia and 1st in the Province of Cádiz. It belongs to the Municipal Association of the Bay of Cádiz (Mancomunidad de Municipios Bahía de Cádiz), the 3rd largest Andalusian metropolitan area and the 12th in Spain, with over 650,000 inhabitants.Its municipality covers an area of {{convert|1188.14|km2|abbr=on}} and includes the Los Alcornocales Natural Park and the Sierra de Gibalbín, also known as Montes de Propio de Jerez.The city is located {{convert|12|km|2|abbr=on}} from the Atlantic Ocean, in the Campiña de Jerez, region appropriate to cultivate the vineyards that produce the famous sherry. Some famous places in to the city are Alcazar of Jerez, Church of San Miguel, Charterhouse of Jerez, the Cathedral of San Salvador.Since 1987 the Grand Prix motorcycle racing has been held at the Circuito de Jerez in early May. On this weekend, the city welcomes tens of thousands of bikers from around the world. The same circuit has hosted several Formula 1 Grands Prix, including the 1997 final race of the season, which was marred with controversy for a notable high-profile championship-deciding incident. Other popular festivals in the city are Feria de Jerez or the Holy Week in Jerez.Jerez is known as the city of flamenco, sherry, horses and motorcycles. In 2013, Jerez was the European Capital of Wine and 2014, it was the world's first Motorbike Capital.==Etymology==The name Jerez goes back to the Phoenician Xera, Sèrès, later Romanized under the name of Ceret; the location of this settlement, however, remains unknown.{{Citation needed|date=March 2009}}The classical Latin name of Asta Regia, unrelated to the present name, referred to an ancient city now found within Mesas de Asta, a rural district approximately {{convert|11|km|2|abbr=on}} from the center of Jerez.The current Castilian name came by way of the Arabic name {{lang|ar|شريش}} Sherīsh.[Deroy Louis, & Mulon Marianne (1992) Dictionnaire des noms de lieux, París: Le Robert]
2. ^{{cite book|author=Pedro Bosch Gimpera|title=El poblamiento antiguo y la formación de los pueblos de España|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fJOdVsdy_IAC&pg=PA210|year=1995|publisher=UNAM|isbn=978-968-36-4439-8|page=210}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.mirajerez.com/02/02/2018/la-ultima-vez-que-nevo-en-jerez/|title=La última vez que nevó en Jerez - Mira Jerez|first=Eduardo|last=Velo|date=2 February 2018|website=mirajerez.com|accessdate=18 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180216025847/https://www.mirajerez.com/02/02/2018/la-ultima-vez-que-nevo-en-jerez/|archive-date=2018-02-16|dead-url=yes|df=}}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.aemet.es/es/conocermas/publicaciones/detalles/guia_resumida_2010 |title=Guía resumida del clima en España (1981-2010) |accessdate= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130526104145/http://www.aemet.es/es/conocermas/publicaciones/detalles/guia_resumida_2010 |archivedate=2013-05-26 |df= }}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos*?w=0&k=and&l=5960&datos=det&x=5960&m=13&v=todos|title=Jerez de la Frontera Aeropuerto: Jerez de la Frontera Aeropuerto - Valores extremos absolutos - Selector - Agencia Estatal de Meteorología - AEMET. Gobierno de España|first=Agencia Estatal de|last=Meteorología|date=|website=www.aemet.es|accessdate=18 March 2018}}
6. ^{{cite journal | url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6W64-4F29J2M-7&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=69771b63fb06d6c9dd8e6d02f6f9662e | archive-url = https://archive.today/20120524190105/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6W64-4F29J2M-7&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=69771b63fb06d6c9dd8e6d02f6f9662e | dead-url = yes | archive-date = 2012-05-24 | doi= 10.1016/j.soscij.2004.11.012 | volume= 42 | title= El Toro de Osborne: advertising, community, and myth | journal= The Social Science Journal | pages= 135–140}}
7. ^{{cite book|author=Bonnie L. Hendricks|title=International Encyclopedia of Horse Breeds|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CdJg3qXssWYC&pg=PA111|year=2007|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|isbn=978-0-8061-3884-8|page=111}}
8. ^http://www.circuitodejerez.com/index.php?id=29&no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=126&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=487&cHash=842ea3c1aaec9e93bd683d28958ca24b JEREZ SERÁ CAPITAL MUNDIAL DEL MOTOCICLISMO EN 2015
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ine.es/jaxiBD/menu.do?L=1&divi=DPOP&his=0&type=db|title=Population figures since 1996 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090703210310/http://www.ine.es/jaxiBD/menu.do?L=1&divi=DPOP&his=0&type=db |archive-date=2009-07-03 |publisher=Spain's National Institute of Statistics|author=|date=|website=ine.es|accessdate=18 March 2018}}
10. ^INEbase. Variaciones intercensales. En línea: http://www.ine.es/intercensal/ Consultado 10-07-2011. Cuando se dispone del dato de población de hecho y de derecho se ha tomado la cifra más alta.
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jerez.es/fileadmin/Documentos/Estadistica-demografia/POBLACION_EN_JEREZ_DE_LA_FRONTERA_procedencia_2011.pdf|title=Población en Jerez de la Frontera, según procedencia|author=|date=|website=jerez.es|accessdate=18 March 2018}}
12. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{Cite web|url=http://www.jerez.es/webs_municipales/voluntariado/cooperacion/hermanamientos/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303173850/http://www.jerez.es/webs_municipales/voluntariado/cooperacion/hermanamientos/|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2019-03-03|publisher=Ayuntamiento de Jerez de la Frontera|title=Hermanamientos}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.biarritz.fr/Website/site/fra_vivreabiarritz_ensavoirplus_relationsinternationales_jumelages.htm |title=Twin towns, Biarritz official website |publisher=Biarritz.fr |date= |accessdate=2013-05-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729224912/http://www.biarritz.fr/Website/site/fra_vivreabiarritz_ensavoirplus_relationsinternationales_jumelages.htm |archivedate=2013-07-29 |df= }}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.elpasotexas.gov/mayor/newsletter_march07.asp |title=Mayor's Newsletter |publisher=www.elpasotexas.gov |date= |accessdate=2012-02-17 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213205414/http://www.elpasotexas.gov/mayor/newsletter_march07.asp |archivedate=2012-02-13 |df= }}
Bibliography{{See also|Timeline of Jerez de la Frontera#Bibliography|l1=Bibliography of the history of Jerez de la Frontera}}External links- {{Commons category-inline}}
- {{Wikivoyage-inline}}
- {{dmoz|World/Español/Regional/Europa/España/Comunidades_Autónomas/Andalucía/Cádiz/Municipios/Jerez_de_la_Frontera}} {{es icon}}
- link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Jerez de la Frontera airport
- Jerez News, social digital newspaper
- Jerez eGuide
- Jerez.TV, tourism and videos from Jerez de la Frontera
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20180329172639/http://jerez.zitymap.com/ City guide for Jerez]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20101226021628/http://www.andaluciaevents.eu/ Andalucia Events]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20161220103642/https://atdspain.com/en/service/jerez-seville-private-excursion Jerez from Seville]
{{Municipalities in Cádiz}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Jerez De La Frontera}} 4 : Jerez de la Frontera|Municipalities of the Province of Cádiz|Populated places in the Province of Cádiz|Articles containing video clips |