词条 | Jesse Brown |
释义 |
|name = Jesse Brown |image = Jesse brown va.jpg |office = 2nd United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs |president = Bill Clinton |term_start = January 22, 1993 |term_end = July 3, 1997 |predecessor = Ed Derwinski |successor = Togo West |birth_date = {{birth date|1944|3|27}} |birth_place = Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|2002|8|15|1944|3|27}} |death_place = Warrenton, Virginia, U.S. |restingplace = Arlington National Cemetery |party = Democratic |spouse = Sylvia Scott |children = 2 |education = City Colleges of Chicago Roosevelt University Catholic University |allegiance = United States of America |branch = {{flag|United States Marine Corps}} |serviceyears = 1963–1965 |rank = Corporal |battles = Vietnam War }} Jesse Brown (March 27, 1944 – August 15, 2002) was a veteran of the United States Marine Corps who served as United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs under President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1997. Early lifeJesse Brown was born on March 27, 1944, in Detroit, Michigan,[1] to Lucille Marsh Brown and David Brown. He grew up in Chicago, Illinois,[1] and graduated with honors from the City Colleges of Chicago.[3] Married to Sylvia Scott Brown, they had two children, N. Scott Brown and Carmen Brown. Military serviceHe enlisted in the United States Marine Corps in 1963,[3] and served as a Marine in the Vietnam War, reaching the rank of Corporal. He was seriously injured in 1965 near Da Nang when he was shot in the right arm, which was left partially paralyzed.[3] Returning to Chicago, in 1967 Brown became active in the Disabled American Veterans (DAV), a service and advocacy organization founded in 1920 to assist disabled veterans. He began taking classes at Roosevelt University in Chicago. Moving to the DAV's national office in Washington, D.C., he began taking classes at The Catholic University of America.[3] Veterans serviceDAVIn 1967, Brown joined the staff of the Disabled American Veterans. He served in various supervisory roles with the DAV in the 1970s and 1980s:[3]
In 1988, Brown became the DAV's first African-American executive director, serving until 1993. Secretary of Veterans AffairsIn January 1993, Brown was selected by President Bill Clinton to the post of Secretary of Veterans Affairs,[1] serving until 1997. He was the first African American to hold that post. During his tenure, Brown expanded the services offered to female veterans, homeless veterans, and veterans who were ill due to chemical exposures in Vietnam or the Gulf War. After he resigned as secretary, Brown founded a consulting firm, Brown and Associates.[2] Disabled veterans' memorialBrown was one of three people who provided the impetus for the creation of the American Veterans Disabled for Life Memorial, a national memorial in Washington, D.C., which honors disabled veterans. In 1998, philanthropist Lois Pope realized there was no memorial to disabled veterans in the nation's capital. Although she did not know him, Pope called Brown's Veterans Affairs office to plead for a memorial. Pope called every day for the next six months, until finally Brown's secretary put her call through.[3][4] Brown agreed to support legislation establishing a memorial.[5] Brown introduced Pope to Art Wilson,[3] the National Adjutant (e.g., chief executive officer) of the DAV. The DAV was itself not a nonprofit, and thus Pope and Wilson agreed that a new foundation, the American Veterans Disabled for Life Memorial Foundation (AVDLMF; also known as the Disabled Veterans' LIFE Memorial Foundation) should be created.[3] Brown left office in 1997. Brown, Pope, and Wilson incorporated the foundation in 1998, and Wilson was named its president.[6] Brown served as the executive director of the American Disabled Veterans Disabled for Life Memorial Foundation until his death. The three individuals and their supporters began lobbying Congress to win passage of the necessary federal legislation.[4] Congress quickly approved the bill, and President Clinton signed it into law (Public Law 106-348) on October 24, 2000.{{sfn|Committee on Energy and Natural Resources|2007|page=1}}{{sfn|National Park Service|2005|page=1—8}} After a decade of fundraising, the memorial began construction in 2011. It was dedicated by President Barack Obama on October 5, 2014.[7] Two quotations by Brown are featured on the memorial.{{sfn|National Capital Planning Commission|2010|page=15}} DeathBrown died in Warrenton, Virginia on August 15, 2002, of lower motor neuron syndrome. He had been diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as Lou Gehrig's Disease, since 1999.[8][2] His funeral was held at the Washington National Cathedral, and he was buried in Arlington National Cemetery.[9] He was survived by his wife, Sylvia, and his children Carmen and Scott.[8] The DAV established the Jesse Brown Memorial Youth Scholarship in his honor. A single $20,000 scholarship is awarded each year to a young individual who has worked to assist disabled veterans and advanced the cause of disabled veterans' rights.[10] In May 2004, the West Side VA Medical Center in Chicago was renamed the Jesse Brown VA Medical Center in his honor.[11] See also{{Portal|Biography|United States Marine Corps}}
Notes1. ^{{cite news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CEFD61F3AF93BA25751C1A964958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all|last=Barringer|first=Felicty|title= The Transition:Clinton Selects Ex-Mayor for H.U.D. and an Ex-Marine for Veterans Affairs|newspaper=The New York Times|date=December 18, 1992|accessdate=August 19, 2008}} 2. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_11_102/ai_90990222 |title=Jesse Brown, Former Secretary of Veterans Affairs, Succumbs at 58 - National Report |newspaper=Jet |date=September 2, 2002 |accessdate=December 25, 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105064910/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_11_102/ai_90990222 |archivedate=November 5, 2007 |df= }} 3. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Smith|first=Thom|title=Lois Pope's Philosophy in Life? 'Bite Off More Than You Can Chew, and Chew It'|newspaper=Palm Beach Post|date=April 19, 2005}} 4. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://articles.philly.com/2007-07-13/news/25240438_1_disabled-vets-life-memorial-lois-pope|last=Ferris|first=Kevin|title=She Works to Honor Disabled Vets|newspaper=Philadelphia Inquirer|date=July 13, 2007|accessdate=April 6, 2014}} 5. ^{{cite news|last=Braun|first=Bob|title=A Public Tribute to War's Disabled|newspaper=Newark Star-Ledger|date=May 28, 2007}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.dav.org/learn-more/news/2013/architect-of-modern-dav-retires/|last=Wilborn|first=Thom|title=Architect of Modern DAV Retires|newspaper=DAV News|date=May 2, 2013|accessdate=April 6, 2014}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2014/10/05/obama-heaven-and-earth-must-be-moved-to-help-disabled-veterans/|title=Obama: ‘Heaven and earth’ must be moved to help disabled veterans|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=October 5, 2014}} 8. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/08/17/us/jesse-brown-58-ex-marine-who-headed-veterans-dept.html|title=Jesse Brown, 58, Ex-Marine Who Headed Veterans Dept|newspaper=The New York Times|date=August 17, 2002|accessdate=April 19, 2014}} 9. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2002/aug/17/local/me-brown17|title=Jesse Brown, 58; Ex-Marine Headed VA Under Clinton|newspaper=Associated Press|date=August 17, 2002|accessdate=April 19, 2014}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dav.org/help-dav/volunteer/jesse-brown-scholarship/|title=Jesse Brown Memorial Youth Scholarship Program|publisher=Disabled American Veterans|year=2014|accessdate=April 19, 2014}} 11. ^{{cite news|last=Bierma|first=Nathan|title=Veterans' health-care site in transition|work=Chicago Tribune|date=July 14, 2004|accessdate=July 2, 2016|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2004-07-14/news/0407140379_1_inpatient-care-outpatient-lakeside-medical-center}} References
14 : 1944 births|2002 deaths|20th-century American politicians|African-American members of the Cabinet of the United States|American Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War|Burials at Arlington National Cemetery|Catholic University of America alumni|Clinton administration cabinet members|Deaths from motor neuron disease|Politicians from Detroit|People from Fauquier County, Virginia|Roosevelt University alumni|United States Marines|United States Secretaries of Veterans Affairs |
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