| 词条 | Ha Chhu |
| 释义 |
| name = Ha Chhu | image = HaaValley.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Ha Valley | map =Ha River map.png | map_size = 220px | map_caption =Relief map showing the passage of the river (centre) flowing towards the south | source1_location = Himalayas | mouth_location = Chukho | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Bhutan | progression = | length = | source1_elevation = | mouth_elevation = | discharge1_avg = | basin_size = | river_system =Wong Chhu | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = }} The Ha Chhu (also spelled Haa Chhu) is a river in west-central Bhutan, it is a tributary of the Raidak River (Wong Chhu).[1] CourseThe Ha Chhu originates in a valley glacier on the south facing slope of the main Himalayas.[1] The source area is located to the south of Chomo Lhari (Mountain of the Goddess).[2] A number of smaller streams flowing from glaciers in hanging valleys join the main stream. The Ha Chhu then flows in a general direction, south south-east to join the Wong Chhu at Chukho.[1] Ha valleyWestern Bhutan is basically made up of the valleys of Ha at {{convert|2700|m}}, Paro at {{convert|2200|m}}, and Thimphu at {{convert|2300|m}}.[3] The upper valley of Ha Chhu is glaciated but in its lower and middle course it flows along a deep V-shaped valley. There are many rocky outcrops along this river.[1] The Ha valley is situated on Bhutan’s border with China, {{convert|61|km}} from Paro. One can climb to Chele La (mountain pass) at a height of {{convert|3988|m}}, the highest point on Bhutans’ roads.[4] The mountain pass offers views of surrounding peaks and the Paro and Ha valleys. Bulk of the Ha Chhu catchment is under alpine, sub-alpine and temperate mixed coniferous forests.[1] Ha villageHa is a large village that has come up along this river.[1] Situated at a steep drop of the river, it has a fort. It has retained the traditional Bhutanese style of architecture.[4]Lhakhang KarpoLhakhang Karpo (temple of the white dove), located at Dumchoe, {{convert|3|km}} south of Ha village, is a monastery believed to have been built in the 8th century by the Tibetan King, Songtsen Goenpo, after he sent two doves (one black and one white) to find a sacred place to build a monastery. Lhakhang Karpo is the main seat of Ha’s guardian deity – Ap Chundu.[5] Fish cultureTraditionally salmonidae (Salmo trutta) and Dinnawah snowtrout (Schizothorax progastus) was found in the Ha Chhu. Brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) was first introduced in Bhutan in 1930. A hatchery was established at Ha immediately thereafter and another at Wangchutaba in 1975. The asla is held in high esteem by the Bhutanese and brown trout seems to be feeding on and suppressing indigenous cold-water fish such as the asla.[6][7] In 1987, the FAO fact finding and project idea formulating mission for small-scale cold-water fisheries visited Bhutan. A subsequent visit by experts established that the Ha hatchery was more conducive to fish culture than that in the foothill ponds.[6][7] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=5YtUShKY8zcC&pg=PA72&lpg=PA72&dq=Ha+chu+River+Bhutan&source=bl&ots=_HegX5xvh3&sig=nDQc_UsIVKeBeaOaZnaeKK7wBFs&hl=en&ei=NnTqS4SLN4iZrAeRramRCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CCYQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Ha%20chu%20River%20Bhutan&f=false|title = Himalayan rivers, lakes, and glaciers|work =p. 72 |first= Sharad Singh |last= Negi|publisher = Google books |accessdate = 2010-05-12}} {{-}}{{Hydrography of Bhutan}}{{coord|27|14|N|89|30|E|display=title|region:BT_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}}2. ^{{cite web|url =http://www.fao.org/docrep/field/003/L8853E/L8853E02.htm|title = Physiological Survey|work =River System of Bhutan |publisher = FAO Corporate Document Repository |accessdate = 2010-05-09}} 3. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.birdingindiatours.net/trip_reports_peter_lobo_bhutan.html| title = Birding trip report|work = |publisher =Birding India Tours |accessdate = 2010-05-12}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url =http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090412/jsp/calcutta/story_10810191.jsp|title = Next week you can be at ... Paro & Thimpu|work = |publisher = The Telegraph, 12 April 2009 |accessdate = 2010-05-12}} 5. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.bhutan2008.bt/en/node/393|title = Lhakhang Karpo|publisher = Bhutan 2008|accessdate = 2010-05-12}} 6. ^1 {{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Z4HESCeJyZcC&pg=PA6&lpg=PA6&dq=Ha+Chu+River+Bhutan+fish&source=bl&ots=wBzLhPXoPy&sig=XTDAebUQ465sP99wjEnyQIwjMyQ&hl=en&ei=QlzrS9blF82frAfp_ozkCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CCIQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Ha%20Chu%20River%20Bhutan%20fish&f=false|title =Fish and fisheries at higher altitudes |work = Volume 385 of FAO fisheries technical paper| first=|last= T. Petr |publisher =Food and Agriculture Organization| date=2009|isbn=92-5-104309-4}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|url =http://www.fao.org/docrep/field/003/L8853E/L8853E02.htm|title = Physiological Survey|work =Fish Species of Bhutan Waters |publisher = FAO Corporate Document Repository |accessdate = 2010-05-09}} 1 : Rivers of Bhutan |
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