| 词条 | Hachiman-zukuri | |||||
| 释义 |
The {{nihongo|hachiman-zukuri|八幡造}} is a traditional Japanese architectural style used at Hachiman shrines in which two parallel structures with gabled roofs are interconnected on the non-gabled side, forming one building which, when seen from the side, gives the impression of two.[1] The front structure is called {{nihongo|gaiden|外殿|outer sanctuary}}, the rear one {{nihongo|naiden|内殿|inner sanctuary}}, and together they form the honden.[2][3] The honden itself is completely surrounded by a cloister-like covered corridor called {{nihongo|kairō'|回廊}} (see photo). Access is made possible by a gate called {{nihongo|rōmon|楼門}}. It has a {{nihongo|hirairi or hirairi-zukuri|平入・平入造}} structure, that is, the building has its main entrance on the side which runs parallel to the roof's ridge (non gabled-side). There are entrances also at the center of the gabled sides (see image). In general, the rear structure is 3x2 ken,[4] while the front one is 3x1.[1] The space between the two structures is one ken wide and forms a room called {{nihongo|ai-no-ma|相の間}}.[1] The actual width and height of this room vary with the shrine. Extant examples are Usa Shrine and Iwashimizu Hachiman-gū. This style, of which only five Edo period examples survive, may be of Buddhist origin, since some Buddhist buildings show the same division. For example, Tōdai-ji's hokke-dō[5] is divided in two sections laid out front and back. Structural details also show a strong relationship with the Heian period style called shinden-zukuri used in aristocratic residences.[1] Another possible origin of this style may have been early palaces, known to have had parallel ridges on the roof.[1] An example of hachiman-zukuri style{{nihongo|Isaniwa Shrine|伊佐爾波神社}} in Matsuyama, Ehime, is a rare example of the hachiman-zukuri style.Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 JAANUS, Hachiman-zukuri accessed on December 1, 2009 {{commons category|Hachiman-zukuri}}{{Japanese architectural elements}}{{Shinto shrine}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hachiman-Zukuri}}2. ^History and Typology of Shrine Architecture, Encyclopedia of Shinto accessed on November 2009 3. ^Kōjien Japanese dictionary 4. ^The ken is the distance between one supporting pillar and another, a quantity which can vary from shrine to shrine and even within the same building. 5. ^Literally "Lotus Sūtra Hall". A hall whose layout allows walking around a statue for meditation. 2 : Shinto|Architecture of Japan |
|||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。