| 词条 | Haemodorum coccineum |
| 释义 |
|image = Haemodorum_coccineum_ArnhemLand.jpg |genus = Haemodorum |species = coccineum |authority = R.Br. |range_map = Haemodorum coccineum distribution map.png |range_map_caption=H. coccineum collection data from Australasian Virtual Herbarium }} Haemodorum coccineum (bunyagutjagutja,[1] bloodroot,[2], menang[3], scarlet bloodroot,[4] red root[5]) is a flowering plant in the same family as kangaroo paw. DescriptionA perennial herb[6] to one meter high.[5][6] Although it is not a grass, it has a grass-like appearance, with strap-like,[2][5] narrow, leathery leaves arising from the base of the plant.[2][6] Flowering usually occurs between November and March, during the Top End wet season, however flowers have been observed as early as October and as late as May.[6] The flowers are deep-red or orange red and occur in dense clusters on long stiff stalks,[2][6] which also arise from the base of the plant.[6] Fruit develop between November and March, and can linger until May.[6] The fruit are red[5][6] to black,[2] fleshy capsules with three lobes.[6] The mature fruit release a red-purple juice when crushed.[6] Distribution and habitatFound in the Top End of the Northern Territory,[2][6][7] Northern Queensland[2][6][7] and Papua New Guinea.[7] Occurs in open woodland habitats on gravelly or shallow lateritic soils and sandstone.[6] UsesDyesIndigenous Australians use this plant to make red, brown and purple dyes for coloring plant fibres.[1][2][6][8] The bulbous red root is chopped or crushed and boiled in water to release the red-brown dyes, while the purple shades are made from H. coccineum fruit.[8] Fibres such as the stripped leaves of Pandanus spiralis or the new leaves of Livistona humilis are added to the dye-bath, and later the colored fibre is used to make items such as baskets (Pandanus), string bags (Livistona) and fibre sculptures.[8] Other usesSuitable as a bedding or edging plant in native gardens.[5] The fruits can be used in floral arrangements.[2] Some sources report Indigenous Australians used the plant to treat snake-bite, and the dry stalks were used as fire-sticks.[6] Propagation and cultivationHaemodorum coccineum can be propagated from seed.[2] Vegetative propagation can be achieved by dividing the bulbous root. Plants prefer a well drained sandy or gravelly soil and full sun.[2] In the dry season the plant will usually die back,[2] leaving the underground rootstock to regenerate later in the year. References1. ^1 Bula’bula Arts Aboriginal Corporation (2013) at http://www.bulabula-arts.com/Site/our-art/aboriginal-fibre-art.html. Accessed 2 September 2013 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Wrigley, J.W. and Fagg, M. 2007 Australian Native Plants, Reed New Holland, Sydney, Australia 3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://tuckerbush.com.au/bloodroot-haemodorum-spicatum/|title=Bloodroot - Haemodorum spicatum|website=Tucker Bush|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-22}} 4. ^Atlas of Living Australia website at http://bie.ala.org.au/search?q=haemodorum+coccineum. Accessed 2 September 2013 5. ^1 2 3 4 Smith, N., 2007, Native Plants for Top End Gardens, Greening Australia (NT) Ltd, Darwin, Australia 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Brock, J., 1988 Top End Native Plants, John Brock, Darwin, Australia 7. ^1 2 The Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (2013) Australia’s Virtual Herbarium. http://avh.ala.org.au/occurrences/search?taxa=Haemodorum+coccineum#tab_mapView [Accessed 2 September 2013] 8. ^1 2 Artback Northern Territory Arts Touring (2007) Recoil Education Kit at http://www.artbacknt.com.au/images/arts/recoil/pdf/teachersnotes.pdf. Accessed 2 September 2013 External links
5 : Haemodorum|Flora of the Northern Territory|Plant dyes|Flora of Queensland|Haemodoraceae |
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